基于运动学和简化动力学的SWARM卫星精密定轨研究

基于运动学和简化动力学方法，使用星载GPS观测数据，对SWARM卫星进行精密定轨，将轨道结果与ESA发布的事后科学轨道进行作差分析。结果表明：运动学轨道径向、切向和法向7 d平均RMS均小于3 cm，定轨精度达到cm级；简化动力学轨道径向平均RMS在0.65 cm左右，切向和法向在1.3 cm左右，高于预期要求。此外，使用IGS快速星历对SWARM卫星进行定轨，其精度与精密定轨精度近似相等，而在SWARM卫星近实时定轨研究中，使用IGS超快速星历确定的运动学轨道3D-RMS为9.68 cm，简化动力学轨道3D-RMS为3.61 cm，低于IGS快速星历的定轨精度。     

资源三号02星双频GPS快速精密定轨

采用资源三号02星双频GPS观测数据和CODE快速星历，利用非差简化动力学方法实现卫星精密定轨。通过卫星轨道重叠弧段检验，轨道径向精度优于3.90 cm，位置精度优于5.52 cm。利用SLR观测数据检核卫星轨道，精度优于4 cm。采用轨道外推和瞬时根数方法预报轨道，12 h内切向精度优于30 m。     

中国GPS地壳运动监测网的精度分析与评定(1992～1996)

中国ＧＰＳ地壳运动监测网于１９９２～１９９６年进行了多期观测,观测资料全部采用ＳＮＡＰＳ软件和精密星历进行解算,对解算结果的统计分析与精度评定表明：全国网的基线长相对精度为１０－９,区域网的基线长相对精度为１０－８。     

利用超快速精密星历约束的北斗卫星实时精密定轨

以广播星历为起算轨道的北斗卫星实时滤波精密定轨往往需要较长收敛时间，针对此，提出利用超快速精密星历约束的实时精密定轨方法。通过MGEX跟踪网全球分布的51个测站连续7 d的实测数据，利用平方根信息滤波对北斗卫星实时精密轨道进行确定，并以3 d解事后轨道作为参考，评估北斗卫星实时滤波轨道精度。结果表明，利用广播星历作起算轨道时，北斗实时滤波轨道平均需要经过15 h收敛才能达到稳定，而新方法在这段时间内轨道变化较为平稳，未出现明显的收敛现象，并且7 d时间内GEO卫星在切向、法向和径向上RMS分别优于2.5 m、20 cm和30 cm，IGSO和MEO卫星在3个方向上分别优于30 cm、15 cm和10 cm。
     

利用CODE新光压模型的精密定轨研究

采用新光压模型ECOMC和ECOM-9,分别使用5种IGU精密超快速星历进行精密定轨,以最终IGS精密星历作为真值,比较GPS卫星的定轨精度。结果表明,相较于ECOM-9光压模型,ECOMC光压模型能够提升卫星径向、切向和法向的轨道精度,其中径向提升较为明显;对比5种IGU超快速精密星历的定轨结果,ECOMC光压模型定轨精度分别能达到5 cm、3.5 cm、2.5 cm、1.5 cm和1.5 cm,优于ECOM-9。     

用PANDA对GPS和CHAMP卫星精密定轨

介绍了武汉大学自主研制的卫星导航系统综合处理软件PANDA；利用全球45个IGS站以及CHAMP卫星星载GPS数据．在不同条件下分别实现了GPS卫星的精密定轨．以及CHAMP卫星和GPS导航星座联合精密定轨。结果与IGS的最终精密星历以及GFZ提供的CHAMP卫星精密轨道的比较说明：PANDA软件求解的GPS导航星座和CHAMP卫星轨道精度处于同等水平。     

地震电磁卫星精密定轨方法研究

高精度卫星轨道是提高卫星应用水平的基础,卫星精密定轨方法主要基于卫星轨道动力学理论．通过跟踪卫星轨迹的测轨技术,将几何和动力学信息进行融合。地震电磁卫星拟采用星载GPS和综合轨道求解方法进行精密定轨．并辅之以人卫激光测距,其定轨的精度可达厘米级。     

低轨卫星导航增强系统精密星历设计方法研究

在研究GRACE、SWARM等10余颗低轨卫星轨道特性的基础上,对低轨卫星列表型精密星历的采样间隔和内插方法进行分析,并根据用户需求,设计效率优先和精度优先2种精密星历方案。结果显示,低轨卫星轨道高度对采样间隔和内插方法有显著影响,针对3 cm和10 cm轨道精度要求,通过合理设计轨道可将星历文件占用存储空间压缩99%以上。     

姿态和光压模型对北斗导航卫星精密定轨的影响分析

通过GPS/BDS双系统联合定轨给出北斗系统新老卫星的轨道精度变化特征，分析不同姿态控制模式对卫星精密定轨的影响及其原因；针对光压模型的不足，讨论两种改进的定轨策略对北斗系统精密定轨的适用性。结果表明，当太阳矢量与卫星轨道面的夹角小于4°时，采用动偏-零偏转换模式的IGSO/MEO卫星会有明显的轨道精度下降，而IGSO-6卫星的轨道精度变化较为平稳，没有明显的精度衰减；ECOM光压模型较适用于IGSO-6卫星，但不适用于其他卫星；两种改进的定轨策略都能在一定程度上提高北斗导航卫星精密定轨的精度，可为北斗系统精密定轨提供参考。     

JASON-2天线相位中心变化估计及1 cm精密轨道确定

利用JASON\|2卫星1 a的实测星载GPS数据,基于非差简化动力学定轨残差,建立JASON\|2接收机天线相位中心变化（PCV）模型。采用一个轨道重复周期的独立数据,分析JASON\|2的PCV对定轨残差和定轨精度的影响。引入所得PCV确定JASON\|2的1 a的最终精密轨道,通过残差分析、重叠弧段对比以及与JPL外部精密轨道比较等方式对轨道精度进行评价,结果表明,所得PCV能够提升JASON\|2卫星精密轨道精度且结果比较稳定,可以实现3D RMS接近2.5 cm、径向RMS约1.0 cm的定轨精度。     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied     

Advances in Polar Science CONTENTS(Volume 25,2014)

正~~     

Guide to Authors： Journal of Mountain Science

<正>AIMS AND SCOPE(Editorial Policy)The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is devoted to mountains and their surrounding lowlands-ecoregions of particular global importance,with a particular emphasis on the important highlands/mountains in the world,such as the Tibetan Plateau,the Himalayas,the Alps,the Andes,the Rockies and many other mountain ranges of our planet.     

Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)

<正>The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS),founded in2004,is an international English-language journal on mountain sciences.JMS is supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),sponsored by the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,published by Science Press China,and distributed by Springer exclusively throughout the world(excluding Mainland China).The JMS is published bimonthly,fulltexted in SpringerLink and CNKI,indexed/abstracted by     

Foreword

正Rapid changes of Arctic sea ice cover have been in the focus of the international climate research community in recent years.Quite a few of nations have completed a large number of related surveys and research projects in the Arctic Ocean.Up to now,China has performed six research cruises to the Arctic Ocean resulting in a significant volume of research output.Improved knowledge on the atmospheree-sea ice-ocean interactions in the Arctic is a     

Exposure ages and radiogenic ages of ureilite(GRV 024516) and ordinary chondrite(GRV 024517) from Antarctica

The GRV 024516 and GRV 024517 meteorite samples collected from Grove Montains,Antactica are ureilite and H5 ordinary chondrite,respectively.Based on the study of mineralogy-petrology,the cosmic-ray exposure ages and gas retention ages of these two meteorites were determinated and calculated.Their cosmic-ray exposure ages are 33.3 Ma,51.7 Ma,and gas retention ages are 1936.8 Ma and 3720 Ma,respectively.The ureilite contains diamond,graphite and amorphous C,which are mainly carrier of noble gases indicating obviously shock metamorphism effects,which induced 40Ar partial loss.The H5 chondrite indicates thermal metamorphism of parent body,its gas retention age fall the range between 3220 Ma and 4510 Ma of the least shocked H5 chondrites