北斗二代卫星厘米级相对定位

我国的北斗二代卫星导航定位系统目前已经发射16颗北斗卫星,北斗区域卫星导航系统已建设完成,已经具备我国范围内的初步三维导航定位能力。GPS的相对定位精度在区域范围内可达厘米级,已经广泛应用于测绘、交通等行业,但是北斗系统在相对定位方面的研究还比较少。本文研究北斗高精度相对定位的数据处理方法,通过2012年5月29日的实测数据和处理结果,对10 km左右的基线实现了厘米级精度的北斗卫星高精度相对定位,为北斗二代系统的测试提供了相关试验与结果,同时厘米级的相对定位能力也使得北斗系统能够应用于测绘、交通等行业。     

北斗二代卫星厘米级相对定位北大核心CSCD

我国的北斗二代卫星导航定位系统目前已经发射16颗北斗卫星,北斗区域卫星导航系统已建设完成,已经具备我国范围内的初步三维导航定位能力。GPS的相对定位精度在区域范围内可达厘米级,已经广泛应用于测绘、交通等行业,但是北斗系统在相对定位方面的研究还比较少。本文研究北斗高精度相对定位的数据处理方法,通过2012年5月29日的实测数据和处理结果,对10 km左右的基线实现了厘米级精度的北斗卫星高精度相对定位,为北斗二代系统的测试提供了相关试验与结果,同时厘米级的相对定位能力也使得北斗系统能够应用于测绘、交通等行业。     

基于北斗的建筑物监测精度分析

随着北斗系统的发展,北斗高精度定位技术应用于变形监测以及大型建筑物、构筑物的动态自动化监测方面展现出了巨大的优势.本文基于北斗和GPS双频载波相位数据处理的组合定位方法,并采用实验数据分析了北斗和GPS卫星可见数、DOP值和数据质量,通过解算建筑物变形监测实测数据对比分析了北斗、GPS及其组合系统定位结果的精度.结果表...     

北斗数据工程控制网应用实验及精度分析

针对目前我国北斗系统已经开始实施全球化建设且地面最大可视卫星数已达到15颗的情况,该文提出利用北斗观测数据进行高精度工程控制测量的设想,并利用香港CORS站观测数据进行算例验证及精度分析,基于北斗系统观测数据控制网基线向量的稳定性和重复性,并将北斗系统计算结果与GPS进行对比分析。结果表明:北斗系统完全可以应用在厘米级定位精度的测绘领域;与GPS相比,北斗系统卫星星座尚未完全建成,一个卫星周期内北斗基线解算可用卫星个数不到GPS一半;数据解算过程中使用的北斗导航卫星精密轨道和钟差精度相对较低,各种精密解算软件使用的误差改正模型不够完善,误差消除不够彻底。     

北斗与GPS在桥梁变形监测中的对比分析

目前我国北斗导航系统已经完成第二阶段区域系统的建设,利用北斗导航定位技术进行桥梁变形监测是今后发展的必然趋势。本文分析了北斗定位技术在桥梁变形监测中的的优势,并与GPS定位技术作对比分析,结果表明:在监测区域内,北斗二号的可见卫星数要略多于GPS可见卫星数,卫星几何精度因子略低于GPS,数据质量与GPS相当,相对定位精度略优于GPS,平面定位精度在1~2 cm,水平定位精度在5~6 cm。     

BD2/GPS四频高精度接收机在远望号船姿测量中的应用

随着我国北斗卫星导航系统建设的逐步完善以及北斗应用的迅速推广,BD2/GPS定位终端设备已经开始广泛地应用于各个领域中.介绍了BD2/GPS双系统四频高精度接收机在远望号测量船船姿测量中的应用;并与传统的单一GPS接收机的测姿精度进行比对,分析北斗卫星导航系统在姿态测量中的作用与优势.     

北斗系统标准单点定位算法研究

北斗卫星导航系统已建成区域导航星座,可在亚太范围提供无源定位、导航和授时服务。本文系统研究了北斗系统标准单点定位算法,采用实测数据对北斗系统和GPS标准单点定位算法进行了算法验证和数据分析。实验结果表明,北斗系统标准单点定位在X、Y和Z方向上的精度分别为7.1 m、9.2 m和13.2 m,GPS标准单点定位在X、Y和Z方向上的精度分别为6.2 m、5.8 m和11.2 m,北斗系统与GPS标准单点定位的三维定位精度基本一致,证明了北斗系统已经具有独立导航定位能力,可为标准导航定位应用提供服务。     

北斗区域导航系统的PPP精度分析

北斗卫星导航系统的开放运行为其在高精度领域的应用提供了可能,系统精密单点定位性能受到了极大关注。本文首先介绍了北斗区域导航系统的星座和BDS/GPS跟踪网,分析了基于国内布站定轨的北斗卫星精密轨道和钟差精度。在此基础上研究了北斗区域导航系统静态、动态精密单点定位精度,并与GPS定位结果进行比较。实测算例表明:北斗精密单点定位可以实现静态厘米级、动态分米级的定位精度,达到目前GPS精密单点定位水平。     

北斗单频PPP车道级试验结果分析

精密单点定位技术(Precise Point Positioning,PPP)被广泛应用于高精度导航与位置服务、大地测量、低轨卫星精密定轨、航空摄影测量、GPS地震学等领域.随着我国北斗系统(BDS)的完全部署,其为GNSS系统发展带来了新的机遇和挑战.对GPS、GLONASS的PPP静态、动态事后解算研究已经比较成熟,但实时北斗PPP还处于研究发展阶段,实时北斗PPP的应用场景还不多,针对这一问题,本文旨在对单频北斗实时PPP进行研究.基于BDS系统,本文建立了单频北斗PPP模型,并基于车载动态测试实验,验证本文提出模型的正确性,并得出北斗单频PPP可以实现车道级定位,为北斗的实时应用推广做出一定的探索.     

北斗/GPS组合伪距单点定位性能测试和分析

目的 讨论了北斗/GPS伪距单点定位联合解算的数学模型,并根据北京、武汉两地的北斗/GPS双系统实测数据,在多种模拟遮挡环境下将北斗/GPS联合解算结果与北斗、GPS单系统在可见卫星数、PDOP值、定位精度、定位可用性等方面进行了对比分析。结果表明,相对于单系统伪距单点定位,北斗/GPS组合定位大大增加了可见卫星数,减小了PDOP值,并在观测条件较差的环境下有效地改善了定位精度、显著提高系统定位可用性。     

一种快速获取GPS控制网精确WGS-84坐标方法

详细介绍了一种快速求取GPS控制网的精确WGS-84坐标的方法。首先选择三个天空通视条件较好、分布合理的控制网点,与附近的IGS跟踪站进行长基线相对定位或者直接进行静态精密单点定位,求得三点精确的WGS-84坐标,然后将这三个点作为已知点在WGS-84坐标系下进行三维约束平差,可求得控制网其它点精确的WGS-84坐标,这样求得网点的WGS-84坐标具有厘米级精度。     

GPS／IPS组合定位系统中的周跳检测

全球定位系统（ＧＰＳ）和惯性导航系统（ＩＮＳ）是目前世界上最先进的导航系统。将先进的导航技术应用于精密定位，是近２０年来大地测量发展的一个重要特点。本文概述了ＧＰＳ和ＩＰＳ（惯性定位系统）各自的优缺点；指出了研究ＧＰＳ／ＩＰＳ组合定位系统的必要性。提出了利用短时期ＩＰＳ的结果来发现和修复ＧＰＳ周跳的“比对法”。     

Accurate absolute GPS positioning through satellite clock error estimation

 An algorithm for very accurate absolute positioning through Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite clock estimation has been developed. Using International GPS Service (IGS) precise orbits and measurements, GPS clock errors were estimated at 30-s intervals. Compared to values determined by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the agreement was at the level of about 0.1 ns (3 cm). The clock error estimates were then applied to an absolute positioning algorithm in both static and kinematic modes. For the static case, an IGS station was selected and the coordinates were estimated every 30 s. The estimated absolute position coordinates and the known values had a mean difference of up to 18 cm with standard deviation less than 2 cm. For the kinematic case, data obtained every second from a GPS buoy were tested and the result from the absolute positioning was compared to a differential GPS (DGPS) solution. The mean differences between the coordinates estimated by the two methods are less than 40 cm and the standard deviations are less than 25 cm. It was verified that this poorer standard deviation on 1-s position results is due to the clock error interpolation from 30-s estimates with Selective Availability (SA). After SA was turned off, higher-rate clock error estimates (such as 1 s) could be obtained by a simple interpolation with negligible corruption. Therefore, the proposed absolute positioning technique can be used to within a few centimeters' precision at any rate by estimating 30-s satellite clock errors and interpolating them. Received: 16 May 2000 / Accepted: 23 October 2000     

GPS,RTK技术在像片控制测量中的应用

全球定位系统(Global Positioning System,简称GPS)是美国从20世纪70年代开始研制的用于军事部门的新一代卫星导航与定位系统,历时20年,耗资200多亿美元,分三阶段研制,陆续投入使用,并于1994年全面建成.GPS是以卫星为基础的无线电卫星导航定位系统,它具有全能性、全球性、全天候、连续性和实时性的精密三维导航与定位功能.而且具有良好的抗干扰性和保密性.因此,GPS技术率先在大地测量、工程测量、航空摄影测量、海洋测量、城市测量等测绘领域得到了应用.     

GPS测定正常高程可行性研究与控制测量应用

全球定位系统(GPS)是美国军方研制组建的新一代卫星导航定位系统,与常规大地测量手段相比,GPS定位技术具有全天候、站间无需保持通视、可同时测定点的三维坐标、精度高、费用省等优点。当前,GPS平面控制网已得到了广泛的应用,同时经过实验测试,在平原或浅丘地区,在不加地形改正的情况下,拟和出的正常高高程可以满足一般工程和大比例尺测图的要求,在一定程度上降低了生产成本。     

Online GPS processing services: an initial study

There are a number of online Global Positioning System (GPS) processing services that provide GPS processing results to the user free of charge and with unlimited access. These services provide solutions for a user-submitted Receiver Independent Exchange Format (RINEX) file based on differential methods using reference stations or precise point positioning using precise GPS orbit and clock data. Different data sets varying in time and location were submitted to the online services and their results compared. Although the quality of results depends on many factors, in most cases the users can expect reliable online processing results for a 10-h data set made by a geodetic dual frequency receiver anywhere in the world.     

基于北斗的精密单点定位估计对流层天顶延迟精度分析

通过全球导航卫星（GNSS）系统获取对流层天顶延迟对于气象和电波折射修正具有重要应用价值。利用自主研发的静态精密单点定位软件CRPPP,基于国际GNSS地球动力学服务局（IGS）发布的北斗系统（BDS）精密星历和精密钟差,给出了BDS估算天顶延迟结果。以IGS发布的全球定位系统（GPS）结果为参考对比,BDS估算天顶延迟结果平均偏差优于5mm,均方根误差（rms）优于2．3cm．同时,给出了西沙地区GPS与BDS估计结果,结果表明：利用北斗系统估计的对流层天顶延迟精度与GPS相当。     

Precise relative positioning using real tracking data from COMPASS GEO and IGSO satellites

China completed a basic COMPASS navigation network with three Geostationary and three Inclined Geosynchronous satellites in orbit in April 2011. The network has been able to provide preliminary positioning and navigation functions. We first present a quality analysis using 1-week COMPASS measurements collected in Wuhan. Satellite visibility and validity of measurements, carrier-to-noise density ratio and code noise are analyzed. The analysis of multipath combinations shows that the noise level of COMPASS code measurements is higher than that of GPS collected using the same receiver. Second, the results of positioning are presented and analyzed. For the standalone COMPASS solutions, an accuracy of 20 m can be achieved. An accuracy of 3.0 m for the vertical, 1.5 m for the North and about 0.6–0.8 m for the East component is obtained using dual-frequency code only measurements for a short baseline. More importantly, code and phase measurements of the short baseline are processed together to obtain precise relative positioning. Kinematic solutions are then compared with the ground truth. The precision of COMPASS only solutions is better than 2 cm for the North component and 4 cm for the vertical. The standard deviation of the East component is smaller than 1 cm, which is even better than that of the East component of GPS solutions. The accuracy of GPS/COMPASS combination solutions is at least 20 % better than that of GPS alone. Furthermore, the geometry-based residuals of double differenced phase and code measurements are analyzed. The analysis shows that the noise level of un-differenced phase measurements is about 2–4 mm on both B1 and B2 frequencies. For the code measurements, the noise level is less than 0.45 m for B1 CA and about 0.35 m for B2 P code. Many of the COMPASS results presented are very promising and have been obtained for the first time.     

Transit and GPS—A report on geodetic positioning activities

The Fourth International Geodetic Symposium on Satellite Positioning was held in Austin, Texas from 28 April to 2 May 1986. The symposium was organized as a forum for the discussion of recent geodetic activities related to precise positioning using observations from the Navy Navigation Satellite System (Transit) and the NAVSTAR Golbal Positioning System (GPS). In addition, the sympsium promoted an exchange of ideas on the future direction of GPS geodetic activities and provided a summary of the status, policy, and plans for both the GPS and Transit systems. This report summarizes the proceedings of the meeting.