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介绍了陀螺全站仪在地铁竖井联系测量中的应用。简述井上下连接测量、陀螺全站仪定向的方法,分析陀螺定向的精度,讨论定向方法的优缺点。实践表明:利用陀螺全站仪进行竖井联系测量,克服了几何定向精度低、占用井筒时间长等缺点,提高了井下测量数据精度,为地铁安全生产工作提供了保证。 相似文献
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为了减少起始方位角对最终边的影响,保证矿井高精度的长距离贯通,文章对提高TJ9000陀螺全站仪定向精度方法进行了研究。以内蒙古鄂托克前旗某煤矿精密贯通测量工程为例分析了已知边位置对仪器常数的影响,选择了工程中需要加测的陀螺定向边,制定了合理的观测方案和数据处理方法。利用陀螺全站仪进行井上、井下陀螺定向观测,进行严密平差计算和数据处理,及时对贯通导线进行修正,最后对结果进行比对分析。结果表明,采用距离定向边更近的已知边来测定仪器常数所得到的陀螺边定向精度更高;应用陀螺全站仪加测定向边可以提高贯通精度并且操作简单方便、实用性好。 相似文献
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针对全站仪测量技术存在作业周期长、劳动强度大和受观测环境影响严重等不足,本文将光纤陀螺寻北技术、倾角测量技术应用于地籍测量中,降低了地籍测量对控制点及水平度的依赖,有效地提高了测量效率,推导了全站仪在倾斜状态下界址点测量和定向的计算公式。结合全站仪可水平旋转180°的特点,给出了光纤陀螺安装误差自补偿的操作步骤;对影响定向精度的主要误差源进行仿真分析,结果表明:光纤陀螺精度与水平传感器精度对定向精度影响较大,在光纤陀螺精度为0.05°/h情况下,当倾角测量误差为1'时,定向误差为26.51″。 相似文献
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高精度陀螺全站仪是惯导技术发展的重要产物,在国防和国民经济建设领域发挥着不可替代的重要作用,因此研制具有我国自主知识产权的高精度陀螺全站仪具有十分重要的现实意义和实用价值。本文以我国自主研发的GAT高精度磁悬浮陀螺全站仪定向系统为研究对象,对磁悬浮支承体系下陀螺定向系统的结构设计、寻北关键技术、采样数据特征以及相关的应用问题进行了深入细致的研究. 相似文献
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通过对经纬仪横轴本身不水平和由于竖轴不竖直导致横轴不水平2方面分析横轴倾斜对竖直角观测的影响,推出相应的公式.并通过实验数据得出,通过水准管安置经纬仪,由于横轴倾斜角非常小,不必考虑横轴倾斜对竖直角观测的影响. 相似文献
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一种视觉引导经纬仪自动测量方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文中将TM5100A经纬仪加载高精度摄像头构造视觉引导测量设备,标定十字丝中心点在像平面坐标系下的坐标,对经纬仪旋转水平角和垂直角与目标图像中心像素坐标之间的关系进行标定;摄像头采集目标图像并处理获取目标中心像素坐标,根据像素坐标与经纬仪旋转角关系计算经纬仪旋转角度,进而实现视觉引导经纬仪自动测量;对加载摄像头的经纬仪驱动误差进行测试,驱动误差允许的情况下测试并分析了视觉引导装置的点位测量精度、角度测量精度以及视觉引导准直测量精度,比人工测量精度高,符合工业测量的需求。 相似文献
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贯通测量是矿山测量的的一项重要工作。贯通工程质量的好坏,直接关系到整个矿井的建设、生产和经济效益。本文从地面控制网误差、陀螺定向、导入高程、井下控制网误差四个大的方面对贯通测量的误差来源进行了分析,并从贯通测量的各个环节对质量控制技术进行了详细的探讨。 相似文献
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Erik W. Grafarend 《Journal of Geodesy》1985,59(2):124-138
Summary From a two-dimensional network adjustment it is well understood that the one orientation unknown of a theodolite frame is
estimable, once the orientation datum parameter, e.g., one azimuth, is fixed. In three-dimensional networks the problem of
estimability of three orientation unknowns inherent in a theodolite frame is more complex. Here we prove that not only the
classical horizontal orientation unknown is estimable (up to the datum degrees of freedom), but also astronomical longitude
and astronomical latitude which can be considered as two additional orientation unknowns of the theodolite frame moving with
respect to an earth-fixed equatorial frame of reference. Thus the theodolite instrument can be considered—at least theoretically—a
gradiometer measuring the variation of the directional parameters of the gravity vector from one point to another. Or up to
the datum degrees of freedom astronomical longitude and astronomical latitude can be determined from only theodolite observations
between exclusively terrestrial points. M?nicke (1982), has shown that despite the refraction problem the method works sufficiently
well in practice. 相似文献
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将电子经纬仪工业测量系统模拟摄影测量系统,把经纬仪水平角、垂直角观测值化算为虚拟像点坐标观测值,按摄影测量光束法平差进行二台或多台经纬仪间的系统定代间坐标解算,从而实现了经纬仪在任意姿态下的空间坐标测量功能。在光束法平差的基础上开发了中文版TSST2.00工业测量系统软件。最后介绍了偏置型抛物面天线的数学模型和TSST工业测量系统在其检测中的应用。 相似文献
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L. A. Kivioja 《Journal of Geodesy》1983,57(1-4):146-151
The theodolite used in this method is completely leveled by using autocollimation from a free mercury surface. This eliminates the need for striding or hanging levels which are in conventional use to level the trunion axis of the theodolite. Mercury leveling is more accurate and can be performed in a much shorter time than leveling by the striding or hanging levels. In addition, this new method removes the unavoidable axis wobbles contaminating the observed horizontal angles between the star and the azimuth mark. The uncontrolled wobble errors affecting azimuths can be up to three arc seconds. The axis wobbles are removed by using autocollimation from an axis mirror which is perpendicular to the trunnion axis of the theodolite. Autocollimation coincidences from the mercury and from the axis mirror can be made within one or two tenths of an arcsecond. This new method and instrumentation surpasses the obtainable precision by the conventional first-order astro azimuth observations by reducing the unknown systematic wobble and level errors by one order of magnitude. 相似文献
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光束法平差在工业测量系统TSST中的应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文将经纬仪工业测量系统模拟摄影测量系统,把角度传感器视为摄影机,将物方点的角度观测值化算为虚拟像点坐标,从而按摄影测量光束法平差进行两台或多台经纬仪间的系统定向和空间坐标解算。利用光束法平差技术研制开发了中文TSST2.00工业测量系统软件;对经纬仪整平状态和未整平状态下的实际测量结果进行了比较和分析,研究结果表明利用光束法平差技术可以处理经纬仪在任意姿态的观测值,其精度达到了整平状态的结果;最后还介绍了TSST工业测量系统在实际测量中的应用。 相似文献
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The concepts of “confining structure” and structure light are illuminated in this paper. A laser theodolite with three freedoms of rotation, which is aimed at “confining structure”, is developed. Various scanning modes and their mathematical models based on laser theodolite with three freedoms of rotation are discussed. According to the features of a huge object the structure light engineering surveying based on laser theodolite with three freedoms of rotation is determined as the main method in an actual application. The observation of four sound concrete posts and forced centering plates. Subsequently, it is transformed into the huge object coordinate system. The scanning mode with plumb plane is selected as the main mode in the whole work. And other assistant methods, such as close range photogrammetry and the method of using reflection sheet, are applied to the work of “scanning dead angle”. At last, a surveying accuracy estimation of this method is done and a surveying accuracy test is finished. It can be concluded that the structure light engineering surveying based on laser theodolite with three freedoms of rotation is considered to be an effective and applied method, and has many superiority to some other surveying methods in the work of surveying “confining structure”. 相似文献