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通过对以往地层岩性、成因类型、结构、标志层1、4C、古地磁、钻孔等资料的重新分析与对比,依照《中国地层指南》对河北平原第四纪地层进行了重新划分和修订。以2.58 Ma为第四系下限,以0.78 Ma为中更新统底界,以相当深海氧同位素5阶段开始的0.128 Ma为上更新统底界,以大体相当深海氧同位素1阶段开始的0.01 Ma为全新统底界,修订后的河北平原第四系厚度减小40~220 m。该文是在以往研究基础上对河北平原第四纪地层划分的一次探讨,其成果为建立华北平原含水层结构模型搭建了平台。由于一些小区缺乏古地磁测年资料,而标志层、沉积物颜色特征界限又不明显,故影响了第四系下限和各统底界划分精度。 相似文献
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新疆车尔臣河平原深部第四系划分研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对TK17孔采用岩石地层学、磁性地层学、气候地层学多项测试研究。对新疆车尔臣河流域进行第四纪划分。根据《中国地层指南及中国地层指南说明》及古地磁年龄测定结果表明:孔深0~7.00m为全新统,底界时限0.011Ma;孔深7~46.6m为上更新统,底界时限0.128Ma;孔深46.6~124.1m为中更新统,底界时限0.78Ma;孔深124.1~368.7m为下更新统,底界时限2.6Ma;孔深368.7~400.22m为新近系上新统。 相似文献
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中国沙漠形成演化的初步研究 总被引:40,自引:18,他引:22
古风成砂及风尘沉积物是地质时期沙漠形成演化的直接或间接标志。通过对中国北方大量的新生代古风成砂的特征分析、类型划分、年代测定和岩性岩相对比,初步建立了中国北方沙区新生代古风成砂地层序列,恢复了早第三纪、晚第三纪和第四纪时期中国沙漠形成演化的轮廓,进而探讨了第四纪沙漠的发展模式与沙漠性质。 相似文献
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内蒙古萨拉乌苏河地区第四纪研究的新进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
萨拉乌苏河地区是我国北方晚更新统标准地层的命名点。但长期以来,对这套地层的看法多有分歧,特别是在地层的沉积相划分,地层时代以及该地层反映的古气候等方面存在较大差异。为此,本文从历史回顾、分歧焦点和新的进展三个方面,评述和总结了萨拉乌苏河地区第四纪研究所取得的成绩。 相似文献
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新疆第四纪环境演变研究近期的几点重要进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文评述了近年来新疆地区第四纪环境演变研究在晚更新世晚期以来内陆西风型环境演变主末次冰盛期以来地冰川进退序列的建立,晚冰期气候突变事件及小冰期环境特征和西域砾岩下限磁性地层学年代的获得及第四纪沉积年代学进展等方面的进展,同时还指出了目前仍存在的一些问题和不足,并对此地区第四纪研究的未来进行了展望。 相似文献
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前言第四纪是地球地质历史发展时期中最年青的时代。第四纪地层的正确划分,对研究第四纪时期的古地理、古气候、古地貌,新地质构造活动的变化……,都有着密切的联系。随着南天山阿克苏地区工农业建设的迅速发展,对工程地质、水文地质评价,地下水资源的开发;第四纪沉积矿藏的勘查……等各项建设事业,都需要有关第四纪地层方面的资料佐证。 相似文献
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《地理与地理信息科学》2020,(2)
通过对河北平原深州地区JZ孔光释光测年、古地磁定年与岩性岩相组合特征的综合分析,划分并厘定了其第四纪年代地层序列。研究认为:该孔全新统(0~10.35 m)底界年龄为10.10 ka B.P.(相当于0.01 Ma B.P.);上更新统(10.35~52.68 m)底界年龄为127.70 ka B.P.(相当于0.128 Ma B.P.);中更新统(52.68~112.17 m)底界年龄为0.78 Ma B.P.(即古地磁B/M界线);下更新统(112.17~365.42 m)底界年龄为2.58 Ma B.P.(即古地磁M/G界线)。该划分方案符合区域地层及沉积环境演化总体特征。JZ孔磁性地层记录的Blake负极性亚时应为区域性极性漂移事件,利用古地磁Blake极性亚时划分河北平原上更新统底界应慎重对待,需有绝对年龄的约束。 相似文献
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第四纪江汉-洞庭盆地东部中段构造-沉积地貌类型划分及特征 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以第四纪构造活动、沉积作用以及现今地势高低和地貌形态特征为主要依据,对江汉-洞庭盆地东部中段及其东缘(1:25万岳阳市幅)进行构造-沉积地貌类型的划分与编图。研究区共厘定出9种构造-沉积地貌类型,各地貌类型的地表高程、第四纪地壳升降特征、风化剥蚀和沉积作用等各具特征。构造-沉积地貌类型的划分及其地貌图的编制,既反映出地表地理环境暨地貌特征,又提供直观表达不同地区第四纪地层、构造特征及其反映的地质与环境演化过程的有效途径,有助于促进和深化江汉-洞庭盆地第四纪地质与环境研究。 相似文献
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Pliocene–Quaternary basins of the Ionian islands evolved in a complex tectonic setting that evolved from a mid to late Cenozoic compressional zone of the northern external Hellenides to the rapidly extending Pliocene–Quaternary basins of the Peloponnese. The northern limit of the Hellenic Trench marks the junction of these two tectonic regimes. A foreland-propagating fold and thrust system in the northern external Hellenides segmented the former Miocene continental margin basin in Zakynthos and permitted diapiric intrusion of Triassic gypsum along thrust ramps. Further inboard, coeval extensional basins developed, with increasing rates of subsidence from the Pliocene to Quaternary, resulting in four principal types of sedimentation: (1) condensed shelf-sedimentation on the flanks of rising anticlines; (2) coarse-grained sedimentation in restricted basins adjacent to evaporitic diapirs rising along thrust ramps; (3) larger basins between fold zones were filled by extrabasinal, prodeltaic mud and sand from the proto-Acheloos river; (4) margins of subsiding Quaternary basins were supplied at sea-level highstands by distal deltaic muds and at lowstands by locally derived coarse clastic sediment. 相似文献
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Mart Idnurm 《Geophysical Journal International》1985,83(2):419-433
Summary. New palaeomagnetic results from Australia indicate that throughout the Cenozoic era the continent lay further south than suggested by hot-spot data. Moreover, while hot spots give a uniform rate of drift during most of the Cenozoic, the drift rate obtained from apparent polar wander varies considerably.
The discrepancies between the palaeomagnetic and hot-spot results are analysed by comparing the Australian data with those of Europe and the central Pacific. The analysis suggests that the discrepancies are due to: (1) departures of the Earth's magnetic field from the geocentric axial dipole model, and (2), either true polar wander or a non-axial inclined dipole component. It is found that since the mid-Tertiary the dominant non-dipole component has been a quadrupole, and that during this period both the quadrupolar field and the true polar displacement/non-axial dipole component decreased progressively. During the Quaternary, and also at the earliest Tertiary, the non-dipole components appear to have been moderate or small.
The comparison of data sets demonstrates that considerable errors may be incurred when Cenozoic, and presumably earlier, poles from one geographic region are used to derive those of another, widely separated, region. The results also imply that absolute plate velocities estimated from palaeomagnetic data can contain substantial errors, and that hot-spot data may need significant adjustments for true polar wander to yield correct palaeolatitudes.
Finally, the new early Tertiary pole for Australia is used in conjunction with updated early Tertiary poles from other lithospheric plates to reapply the McKenzie test for true polar wander. The results indicate a small true polar displacement since the beginning of the Tertiary. The amount and direction of the displacement, however, differ from those generally obtained from hot-spot data. 相似文献
The discrepancies between the palaeomagnetic and hot-spot results are analysed by comparing the Australian data with those of Europe and the central Pacific. The analysis suggests that the discrepancies are due to: (1) departures of the Earth's magnetic field from the geocentric axial dipole model, and (2), either true polar wander or a non-axial inclined dipole component. It is found that since the mid-Tertiary the dominant non-dipole component has been a quadrupole, and that during this period both the quadrupolar field and the true polar displacement/non-axial dipole component decreased progressively. During the Quaternary, and also at the earliest Tertiary, the non-dipole components appear to have been moderate or small.
The comparison of data sets demonstrates that considerable errors may be incurred when Cenozoic, and presumably earlier, poles from one geographic region are used to derive those of another, widely separated, region. The results also imply that absolute plate velocities estimated from palaeomagnetic data can contain substantial errors, and that hot-spot data may need significant adjustments for true polar wander to yield correct palaeolatitudes.
Finally, the new early Tertiary pole for Australia is used in conjunction with updated early Tertiary poles from other lithospheric plates to reapply the McKenzie test for true polar wander. The results indicate a small true polar displacement since the beginning of the Tertiary. The amount and direction of the displacement, however, differ from those generally obtained from hot-spot data. 相似文献
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天山南北麓新生代地理环境演变 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本文阐明了晚第三纪以来天山的大幅度隆起及南北麓沉积过程,着重从古植被变化论述了区内新生代的环境演变,并对天山南北麓的沉积环境异同作了对比。文章中首次提出天山地区第三纪以来可分为两个湿润期(古新世-始新世,渐新世晚期-中新世)和三个干旱期(渐新世早中期、上新世、第四纪)。 相似文献
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基于文献计量的新世纪中国自然地理学国际影响力分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
以美国科学情报机构、科学引文索引数据库(SCI-E)为数据源,通过文献计量方法从总发文趋势、文章引用率、一流学术机构、核心作者分布、发文热门期刊以及关键词等方面,对中国自然地理学在国际学术界的发展情况、学术地位以及面临的问题与挑战进行分析。结果显示:新世纪中国自然地理学在国际领域发展迅速,在自然地理学领域能够发挥特长并贡献力量,在学术界占有一席之地。文献成果方面,至2016年底,中国在自然地理学权威机构的发文量占比达18.96%,位居世界第二。高质量文章占有率增长十余个百分点,文献累计被引量从0次跃升至2万余次,研究成果逐渐受到国际学术界认可。研究力量上,研究机构数量(排名第八)与学者数量(第四)均位居世界前列且发展趋势良好,中国自然地理学在其发展过程中,于多方面表现出了质和量的突破;从国际形势看来,中国自然地理学者通过多年不断努力,能够紧跟研究潮流,把握研究热点方向,但在理论创新及全球环境问题的研究等方面,仍有一定的提升空间。 相似文献
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中国地貌与第四纪研究的近今进展与未来展望 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
近年来,在来自国民经济建设巨大需求的推动下,我国地貌与第四纪学服务于国民经济建设,取得了长足的进展.本文对近年来(主要为2006-2008年间)我国在地貌与第四纪方面所取得的主要进展进行了综述,包括构造地貌、流水地貌、风沙地貌、冰川地貌、河口与海岸地貌和第四纪环境演变方面的进展.同时,还指出了学科发展中存在的问题.文中对未来发展进行了展望,提出了推动学科发展的若干建议:(1)加强地貌学基本理论研究;(2)加强应用地貌研究,更好地为国家建设的重大需求服务;(3)加强地貌学的实验研究;(4)加强人才队伍建设. 相似文献