南迦巴瓦地区东喜马拉雅构造结印度与欧亚大陆古新世初期碰撞的构造及年代学证据

南迦巴瓦地区东喜马拉雅构造结为一由边界断裂围限的强烈变形变质地体,其东、西边界分别为左行为主的东久——米林断裂和右行的阿尼桥断裂,北边界由一系列北西向断裂组成,沿边界分布雅鲁藏布江缝合带及日喀则群弧前沉积的残余。构造结变质地体为印度大陆高喜马拉雅岩系的角闪岩相——麻粒岩相正负片麻岩,构造结外侧为欧亚大陆岩系。构造结西边界的东久——米林断裂为——北东走向左行剪切带,主要由强烈剪切变形形成的糜棱状岩石组成,运动性质为北西盘上升的左行逆冲;构造结内部构造形态为南南西向逆冲推覆构造体系。边界断裂的走滑与构造结内部的缩短运动形式协调一致,     

东喜马拉雅南迦巴瓦地区区域地质特征及构造演化

研究区位于喜马拉雅造山带的东构造结。本文以区域地质填图成果为基础 ,结合前人资料 ,首先对研究区进行了构造单元划分 ,其次对各构造单元的地质特征进行了总结 ,最后对构造演化和有关问题进行了探讨。结论为 :1南迦巴瓦地区可以划分为冈底斯—拉萨陆块、雅鲁藏布江缝合带和印度陆块 3个一级构造单元。以蛇绿混杂岩为代表的雅鲁藏布江缝合带呈向 NE凸的马蹄状连续分布 ;印度陆块由被称为南迦巴瓦岩群的高喜马拉雅结晶岩系单独构成 ,南迦巴瓦岩群由以含高压麻粒岩透镜体为标志的直白岩组、派乡岩组和多雄拉混合岩组成。2印度—欧亚板块碰撞的时间早于 70 Ma;2 3Ma以来主要断层的运动性质以伸展拆离作用为主 ;大约 5 Ma时发生了大规模的混合岩化和深熔作用。3地幔上隆是本区快速隆升的关键因素 ,但河流的作用同样功不可没     

云南雪龙山韧性剪切带研究新进展

雪龙山变质带，变质级别达高绿片岩相到低角闪岩相，在区域上为一条韧性剪切带，具逆冲兼左行走滑的特点。左行走滑位移量达9.4km。流体包裹体研究表明，在韧性剪切阶段，属降温的退变质作用；构造地球化学研究表明，韧性剪切作用对元素的迁移和富集有较大影响，因此，对构造变形带中元素迁移富集规律的研究，对于探明矿床形成和指导找矿具有重要的理论意义和实际意义。     

哀牢山-红河构造带古新世以来多期活动的构造、年代学证据

构造分析表明,哀牢山-红河构造带哀牢山段由3个不同变形域组成,它们可能代表该构造带所经历的3期左行走滑。第一期左行走滑发生于构造带的整个东部高级带,变形体制为拉张性走滑,并形成角闪岩相L型构造岩。第二期走滑形成东部高级带的强变形带,变形体制接近简单剪切并形成绿片岩相L-S型糜棱岩。第三期左行走滑主要发生于西部低级带,变形体制为挤压性走滑,形成一左行逆冲的整体构造格局,并在变形带上形成千糜岩。地质年代学数据证明,三期左行走滑的形成时代分别是:58～56Ma以前、27Ma到22Ma、13～12Ma左右。哀牢山-红河构造带第一期走滑可…     

印度／亚洲碰撞——南北向和东西向拆离构造与现代喜马拉雅造山机制再讨论

印度/亚洲碰撞形成的喜马拉雅增生地体由特提斯-喜马拉雅(THM)、高喜马拉雅(GHM)、低喜马拉雅(LHM)和次喜马拉雅(SHM)亚地体组成.通过喜马拉雅增生地体中变质基底和盖层的组成、变质演化、变形机制与形成时代的对比,确定高喜马拉雅(GHM)亚地体北缘的藏南拆离断裂(STD)向北延伸于特提斯-喜马拉雅(THM)亚地体之下,与形成在大于650℃温度、具有自南向北剪切滑移性质的康马-拉轨岗日拆离带(KLD)相连,深部地壳局部熔融、物质上涌造成的花岗岩侵位,使康马-拉轨岗日拆离带隆起,形成康马-拉轨岗日穹隆带.在高喜马拉雅(GHM)亚地体北部(普兰-吉隆-聂拉木-亚东一带)的变质基底与盖层之间发现EW向近水平的高喜马拉雅韧性拆离构造(GHD),以发育EW向拉伸线理、缓倾的糜棱面理及具有自西向东水平滑移为特征;而在GHM南部靠近主中央冲断裂(MCT)北侧发育具有挤压转换性质的韧性走滑-逆冲断层.高喜马拉雅亚地体从南到北具有由逆冲→斜向逆冲→EW向伸展→斜向伸展→SN向伸展的连续变形和转换的特征,是在现代喜马拉雅垂向挤出和侧向挤出的耦合造山机制下综合变形的响应.喜马拉雅地体中的东西向和南北向拆离构造的存在为喜马拉雅现代造山机制再讨论提供了基础.     

印度/亚洲碰撞——南北向和东西向拆离构造与现代喜马拉雅造山机制再讨论

印度/亚洲碰撞形成的喜马拉雅增生地体由特提斯-喜马拉雅(THM)、高喜马拉雅(GHM)、低喜马拉雅(LHM)和次喜马拉雅(SHM)亚地体组成.通过喜马拉雅增生地体中变质基底和盖层的组成、变质演化、变形机制与形成时代的对比,确定高喜马拉雅(GHM)亚地体北缘的藏南拆离断裂(STD)向北延伸于特提斯-喜马拉雅(THM)亚地体之下,与形成在大于650℃温度、具有自南向北剪切滑移性质的康马-拉轨岗日拆离带(KLD)相连,深部地壳局部熔融、物质上涌造成的花岗岩侵位,使康马-拉轨岗日拆离带隆起,形成康马-拉轨岗日穹隆带.在高喜马拉雅(GHM)亚地体北部(普兰-吉隆-聂拉木-亚东一带)的变质基底与盖层之间发现EW向近水平的高喜马拉雅韧性拆离构造(GHD),以发育EW向拉伸线理、缓倾的糜棱面理及具有自西向东水平滑移为特征;而在GHM南部靠近主中央冲断裂(MCT)北侧发育具有挤压转换性质的韧性走滑-逆冲断层.高喜马拉雅亚地体从南到北具有由逆冲→斜向逆冲→EW向伸展→斜向伸展→SN向伸展的连续变形和转换的特征,是在现代喜马拉雅垂向挤出和侧向挤出的耦合造山机制下综合变形的响应.喜马拉雅地体中的东西向和南北向拆离构造的存在为喜马拉雅现代造山机制再讨论提供了基础.     

大巴山城口弧形断裂带右旋走滑构造特征及其意义

大巴山弧形构造带是几何学上对称平顶型、内部形迹削截的弧凸结构带,区域走向总体呈北西向延伸,其主边界城口断裂由北向南发生偏转（由近南北向→北西向→近东西向）,内部构造形迹与边界断裂呈明显削截和交切关系,弧形带凸顶方向与构造带南西向逆冲推覆极性一致。基于野外构造解析和15个样品的显微构造分析,对城口弧形断裂带右旋逆冲走滑构造特征和变形-变质特点及其沿走向的变化进行研究。宏观上,城口断裂带体现出早期近东西走向线理和平行于主断裂带弧形展布的后期线理两期世代和序列性,同时展现出强烈右旋走滑剪切变形特征,且走滑剪切变形强度由北西向南东减弱。微观构造上,断裂带构造岩普遍发生弱-中等强度变质,北段以中-高绿片岩相为主,右旋逆冲走滑剪切指向运动学标志体发育、变形强烈。断裂带南段以低绿片岩相为主,右旋走滑逆冲剪切指向运动学标志体相对稀疏、变形微弱。城口断裂带宏观与微观特征表明变质和（右旋走滑剪切）变形强度总体上由北西向南东逐渐减弱,呈非对称性。构造运动学上的非对称性和强烈右旋走滑剪切运动特征主要取决于印支期以来华南和华北板块汇聚过程中（尤其是燕山期）汉南能干性基底由南向北的强烈楔入作用。     

西秦岭勉略带陆内构造变形研究

秦岭造山带勉略缝合带是古特提斯洋盆向北俯冲形成的华北与华南最后拼接带。这个主缝合带俯冲-碰撞过程中以由北向南的一系列韧性逆冲推覆构造为特征,形成由前泥盆系、泥盆-石炭系和蛇绿混杂岩等不同构造岩片叠置的复杂构造带,碰撞时代从245Ma一直延续到230Ma左右。最近,作者对勉略缝合带内发育的韧性和脆性左行走滑剪切变形进行了研究,结果表明这些顺造山带的左行韧性走滑剪切变形带的变形时代为223±2Ma,与碰撞后花岗岩所确定的碰撞后构造环境的起始时间(225Ma)一致,显示这些韧性走滑剪切变形带是勉略带陆内变形初期变形产物。亦即华北、扬子大陆碰撞之后很快就转入陆内变形阶段,并且是以顺造山带的侧向走滑位移为主要变形方式。勉略带内顺造山带的脆性左行走滑断层的发育,表明这种顺造山带的侧向位移过程从深部到地壳浅层是一致的。因此,大陆碰撞在直接碰撞之后很快转变为顺造山带的侧向走滑位移为主的陆内变形,这种位移可能表现为两个大陆碰撞后的相对走滑,或是碰撞带中强烈变形部分顺造山带的侧向挤出,从而消减了正向碰撞所造成的地壳缩短和增厚。     

东秦岭鮸鱼咀韧性剪切带构造变形特征及其年代学约束

东秦岭鮸鱼咀韧性剪切带是秦岭造山带晚古生代构造带武关杂岩和刘岭群的分界线,其变形作用的研究对揭示秦岭造山带晚古生代的构造演化具有重要意义.本文对这条剪切带进行了详细的几何学、运动学、锆石U-Pb和白云母40Ar/39Ar年代学研究.几何学和运动学指示鮸鱼咀韧性剪切带经历了两期主要的构造变形:早期由北向南的逆冲推覆变形和晚期左行走滑剪切变形.锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明构成剪切带主体的长英质糜棱岩中碎屑锆石主要的峰值年龄为448 Ma,最年轻的峰值年龄为390 Ma,其碎屑物质来源为北秦岭构造带,因此其原岩应该为一套沉积岩.眼球状白云母40Ar/39Ar同位素测年获得的坪年龄为(263±2)Ma.结合前人的变质变形年代学数据,认为早期的逆冲推覆与石炭纪大洋俯冲有关,晚期左行走滑是秦岭造山带晚二叠世"软碰撞"的构造响应.     

哀牢山—红河构造带古新世以来多期活动的构造和年代学证据

哀牢山—红河构造带哀牢山段可划分为东部高级变质带和西部低级变质带。构造分析表明:该构造带由3个不同变形域组成,可能代表其经历的3期左行走滑。第1期走滑发生在整个高级变质带,为拉张性左行走滑,形成角闪岩相L型构造岩。第2期走滑形成高级变质带中的高应变带,变形体制接近简单剪切,形成绿片岩相L-S型糜棱岩。第3期主要发生在低级变质带,为挤压性走滑,形成左行逆冲构造格局,并形成低绿片岩相千糜岩。地质年代学数据证明,3期左行走滑的形成时代分别是:距今58~56Ma、27~22Ma和13~12Ma±。哀牢山—红河构造带第1期左行走滑可能对应于印度与欧亚大陆距今60Ma左右的初始碰撞;第2期变形与青藏高原最强的挤压隆升期一致;第3期事件可能代表距今16~13Ma开始的青藏高原物质进一步东挤。哀牢山—红河构造带的3期主要左行走滑均发生在新生代印度与欧亚大陆的汇聚过程中。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Inter-regional correlation of transgressions and regressions in the Cretaceous period

Well investigated platforms have been selected in each continent, and the history of Cretaceous transgressions and regressions there is concisely reviewed from the available evidence. The factual records have been summarized into a diagram and the timing of the events correlated between distant as well as adjoining areas.On a global scale, major transgressions were stepwise enlarged in space and time from the Neocomian, via Aptian-Albian, to the Late Cretaceous, and the post-Cretaceous regression was very remarkable. Minor cycles of transgression-regression were not always synchronous between different areas. Some of them were, however, nearly synchronous between the areas facing the same ocean.Tectono-eustasy may have been the main cause of the phenomena of transgression-regression, but certain kinds of other tectonic movements which affected even the so-called stable platforms were also responsible for the phenomena. The combined effects of various causes may have been unusual in the Cretaceous, since it was a period of global tectonic activity. The slowing down of this activity followed by readjustments may have been the cause of the global regression at the end of the Cretaceous.     

The lamprophyres of Afyon stratovolcano,western Anatolia,Turkey: description and genesis

The Afyon stratovolcano exhibits lamprophyric rocks, emplaced as hydrovolcanic products, aphanitic lava flows and dyke intrusions, during the final stages of volcanic activity. Most of the Afyon volcanics belong to the silica-saturated alkaline suite, as potassic trachyandesites and trachytes, while the products of the latest activity are lamproitic lamprophyres (jumillite, orendite, verite, fitztroyite) and alkaline lamprophyres (campto-sannaite, sannaite, hyalo-monchiquite, analcime–monchiquite). Afyon lamprophyres exhibit LILE and Zr enrichments, related to mantle metasomatism.     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20140751 Guo Xincheng(Geological Party,BGMRED of Xinjiang,Changji 831100,China);Zheng Yuzhuang Determination and Geological Significance of the Mesoarchean Craton in Western Kunlun Mountains,Xinjiang,China(Geological Review,ISSN0371-5736,CN11-1952/P,59(3),2013,p.401-412,8     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141058 Chen Ling(Key Laboratory of Mathematical Geology of Sichuan Province,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu610059,China);Guo Ke Study of Geochemical Ore-Forming Anomaly Identification Based on the Theory of Blind Source Separation(Geosci-     

SEISMIC GEOLOGY

正20141334 Chen Kun(Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing100081,China);Yu Yanxiang Shakemap of Peak Ground Acceleration with Bias Correction for the Lushan,Sichuan Earthquake on April20,2013(Seismology and Geology,ISSN0253-4967,CN11-2192/P,35(3),2013,p.627-633,2 illus.,1 table,9 refs.)Key words:great earthquakes,Sichuan Province     

HISTORICAL GEOLOGY & STRATIGRAPHY

正20141624 Cai Xiongfei(Key Laboratory of Geobiology and Environmental Geology,Ministry of Education,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Yang Jie A Restudy of the Upper Sinian Zhengmuguan and Tuerkeng Formations in the Helan Mountains(Journal of Stratigraphy,ISSN0253-4959CN32-1187/P,37(3),2013,p.377-386,5 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20142263Lü Shaojun(Geological Survey of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330030,China)Early-Middle Permian Biostratigraphical Characteristics in Qiangduo Area,Tibet(Resources SurveyEnvironment,ISSN1671-4814,CN32-1640/N,34(4),2013,p.221-227,2illus.,2tables,22refs.)Key words:biostratigraphy,Lower Permian,Middle Permian,Tibet     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20142560Hu Hongxia(Regional Geological and Mineral Resources Survey of Jilin Province,Changchun 130022,China);Dai Lixia Application of GIS Map Projection Transformation in Geological Work(Jilin Geology,ISSN1001-2427,CN22-1099/P,32(4),2013,p.160-163,4illus.,2refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20140692 Duo Tianhui(No.402 Geological Team,Exploration of Geology and Mineral Resources of Sichuan Authority,Chengdu611730,China);Wang Yongli Computer Simulation of Neptunium Existing Forms in the Groundwater(Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,ISSN1001-1749,CN51-1242/P,35(3),