Isotopic Characterisics and Key Factors Favoring the Formation of Fuwan Superlarge Silver Deposit in Guangdong Province

Rb-Sr isochron age of fluid inclusions in quartz from the Fuwan super-large silver deposit is 68±6 Ma, the silver deposit is characterized by high μ values (10.67-10.95), which are much higher than those of the ore-hosted Paleozoic strata and are close to those of ores hosted in the Proterozoic metamorphic basement in western Guangdong Province. Based on the Pb isotopic characteristics, coupled with much high background silver contents (200-1000 ng/g) in the Proterozoic basement and relatively low silver contents in the Paleozoic strata in the region of the Sanshui Basin, it is concluded that the ore-forming material of the super-large silver deposit came mainly from the old basement. The super-large silver deposit related genetically to the intense volcanic activities during the Upper Cretaceous to Eogene. The formation of the Fuwan super-large silver deposit is controlled by the following favorable geological conditions: (1) The intersection of deep faults and contemporaneous faults at the margin of the Sanshui Basin led to the formation of an excellent structure as passageway for ore fluids; (2) The special ore-hosted rock association forms a ore gathering-trap structure that favors the precipitation of ore; (3) The silver-rich old basement, multi-stage mineralization and multi-episode volcanic activities which constitute a geothermal convection system.     

富湾超大型银矿床Ar-Ar年龄、铅同位素特征及形成条件分析

富湾超大型银矿床主要为脉状,产于下石炭统灰岩与长坑赋金硅质岩接触带及其下的破碎带中。银矿床矿化石英⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar年龄为(64.3±0.1) Ma。矿床铅同位素μ值（10.67~10.95）与赋矿地层的μ值(9.79~10.33)不同,而与粤西地区元古宇基底中矿床的μ值(10.62~10.66)相似。富湾超大型银矿床成矿物质主要来自元古宙变质基底,矿床形成与三水盆地晚白垩世到早第三纪强烈火山活动形成的有利成矿环境有关。有利于形成富湾超大型银矿床地质条件包括：（1）深大断裂构造交汇及盆地边缘同生断裂构造组成的连通网;（2）特殊岩性组合形成的聚矿-圈闭环境;（3）丰富成矿物质源区、多期矿化及成矿元素多次活化迁移;（4）多期次火山活动形成的循环地热系统。     

广东三水盆地油气田与金属矿床的成因关系

广东三水盆地是我国东部新生代裂谷型盆地,不仅赋存油气藏,而且分布有超大型富湾银矿床、大型长坑金矿床等一系列贵金属、多金属和非金属矿床,多金属矿（化）点星罗旗布,找矿前景很为可观。三水盆地的油气藏与金属矿产具有“四同”特征,即同一成矿（藏）时代;同一构造体系控制;同一成矿（藏）物质来源;同一成矿（藏）作用。其成矿机理和环境是与地幔柱活动和深部软流圈（低速高导层）上隆密切相关。     

内蒙古白乃庙铜多金属矿床成因问题讨论

文章综合分析了白乃庙铜多金属矿床的成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征,以及前人有关该矿床的年代学、成矿流体来源等多方面研究成果,并在此基础上讨论了该矿床的成因问题。白乃庙铜多金属矿床南北成矿带具有不同的成因机制,其中南矿带为幔源流体二次交代热液矿床,北矿带为斑岩型矿床。南矿化带具有2个矿化期,即矿化发生在中元古代(1 144~1 354Ma之间)和早古生代(420~450 Ma之间),而北矿化带的矿化发生在早古生代的加里东运动过程中。成矿物质来源方面,南矿带为幔源,而北矿带以壳源重融为主。矿化过程方面,南矿带初次矿化于中元古代的海相火山地层中,在加里东期的构造运动中发生绿片岩相变质作用并被拼贴到华北板块北缘,并在该期使原矿化元素受到第二次活化富集;北矿带发育在加里东期弧构造体制下形成的斑岩体内,由岩体内热液循环而成斑岩型矿床。     

毛洋头火山岩铀（银、钼）矿床的控矿因素及成因

毛尖头铀矿床，是产于早白垩世晚期火山中的火山岩型矿床。基底构造和岩浆活化对矿床的形成起明显的控制作用，研究认为，该矿床成矿热液早期为岩浆水，晚期为大气降水；成矿元素Ｕ，Ａｇ，Ｍｏ有不同来源；其中早期矿化热液中的铀主要来自次火山热液或次火山岩，而晚期成矿热液的铀主要来自基底岩石；     

Geological Characteristics of Epithermal Ore Concentrated Areas and Epithermal Ore Deposits in China

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锡铁山铅锌矿床含矿岩系构造特征及其构造期次

锡铁山大型铅锌矿床含矿岩系的构造格架位于背斜的一翼,普遍遭受变形分解作用.根据小构造标志,判定含矿岩系地层为正常层序.根据含矿岩系中的矿化特征,认为含矿岩系主要遭受了4个构造期次的构造变形,并探讨其构造成因.     

安徽省庐枞盆地黄屯硫铁矿床地质特征及控矿因素分析

黄屯硫铁矿位于庐枞中生代火山岩盆地的北东部边缘,矿体主要赋存于盖层龙门院组火山岩系与基底沉积地层接触部位的不整合面及其附近,成矿与次火山活动关系密切,属于次火山-热液矿床,成矿作用主要为热液充填交代方式。     

胶莱盆地地质解译及金矿床地质--地球物理-地球化学背景

从出露基底找金走向隐伏基底找金的新思路出发，对胶莱盆地内的地层、构造、岩浆岩运用物—化探信息和深钻资料给予深刻明晰的解译，发现其与胶北隆起区有着相似的地、物、化背景条件。指出胶莱盆地是座落在太古—元古宙基底之上的中新生代盆地，具有基底与盖层的双层结构，它们分别形成金矿的矿源层和衍生矿源层，展示了胶莱盆地的找矿前景。结合矿化信息以及典型矿床实例的地、物、化特点的解剖，指出矿化规律和控矿因素，建立了矿床地质一地球物理一地球化学找矿模型，并圈定了1：20万预测靶区以及靶区中可能出现的主要矿床类型，为进一步勘查工作指出了方向。     

湘中锡矿山锑矿床成矿物质来源的同位素示踪

本文利用放射成因同位素（Pb、Sr)和轻稳定同位素（C、O）对锡矿山超大型锑矿床的成矿物质来源进行了示踪，从物源角度揭示了其在规模成矿、元素发生超常富集的原因。研究表明，锡矿山锑矿床的成矿物质不可能是来自赋矿围岩；深部地幔和基底都卷入了该矿的成矿作用；富Sb的交代型地幔和富Sb的元古界基底为其大规模成矿提供了充足的矿源，两者是形成锡成山超大型锑矿床的前提条件。     

Correspondence of ores of silver and gold with basement terranes in the American southwest

The ratios of silver to gold produced from epigenetic ore districts of the American southwest reveal a consistency of value ranges, differing by an order of magnitude, that may be identified with either one or the other of two geologic terranes in which the ores occur. A discriminating value of the ratio is about 17.51, the ratio of crustal abundance given by Ahrens (1965). (No further significance is attributed to this value, at this time, beyond the fact that it appears to establish a reasonable separation of values on the basis of geographic occurrence.) Ores relatively enriched in Ag occur in terranes floored by thick Proterozoic clastic and Paleozoic marine successions, and ores relatively enriched in Au lie above or within a Proterozoic basement dominated by maficfelsic volcanic (arc) successions. Proterozoic granites occur in each region. The values of the ratio are broadly consistent within each terrane, irrespective of the age of ore formation, the ore deposit style, associated igneous rocks, structural control, differing interpreted styles of subduction, and weathering histories. These characteristics and associations support a hypothesis that metallogenic signatures of ore districts in this region are fundamentally related to the crust in which the ores occur.     

闽中梅仙峰岩铅锌矿床地球化学特征及其古构造环境

尤溪梅仙峰岩铅锌银矿床位于政和-德化前寒武纪变质分布区的南端, 处于北东向丽水-海丰断裂东侧闽东火山断拗带的次级寿宁-华安基底隆起带内。峰岩矿床的含矿岩系主要为上元古界马面山群东岩组(Pt₃dy)。铅锌银矿体具层控特点。岩石学及地球化学研究表明赋矿地层东岩组为以绿片岩为主的一套古火山沉积建造。绿片岩的原岩为玄武岩类, 变粒岩主要为英安岩及流纹岩。玄武岩浆的形成可能和板块俯冲相关。矿床地球化学研究表明矿床存在多次成矿作用和多种硫源。铅同位素组成与演化表明从幔源至造山带和上地壳不同的铅源均有混入, 演化趋势较明显, 并显示多次地质事件叠加特点。金属硫化物的稀土分布型式都表现为一定程度的右倾斜, 轻重稀土分异显著。微量元素相对于MORB均有不同程度的亏损和富集。高场强元素(HFSE:Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf)表现为明显的负异常, 具较强烈的亏损; 而Pb、Rb和Ba等元素相对富集。东岩组变质火山岩也表现为明显的高场强元素的亏损及低场强元素的富集, 显示出典型和俯冲有关的岛弧岩浆的特征, 表明矿床与东岩组火山岩都形成于俯冲背景下的岛弧环境。      

四川会东小街金矿床成矿机理分析

四川会东小街金矿床为川西产于元古宙绿片岩地层中的菱铁矿型金矿床的典型代表。金矿体呈脉状产于中元古界会理群青龙山组碳质板岩、流纹质凝灰岩、变粗面炭和花岗斑岩的内外接触带中,受ＥＷ向基底断裂的次级断裂和层间破碎带的严格控制。矿石矿物组合为黄铁矿、毒砂、黄铜矿、黔铜矿族、Ａｕ－Ａｇ系列矿物,石英和菱铁矿。其成矿元素组成为Ａｕ－Ｃｕ－Ａｇ－Ｐｂ－Ｓｂ－Ａｓ－Ｆｅ。围岩蚀变以硅化、粘土化和碳酸盐化（菱铁矿化     

大红山铜矿床的地质特征及成矿作用演化

关于大红山矿床的成因,过去主要有变质热液富化的火山矿床,火山喷发(喷气)-沉积变质矿床,受变质火山喷气——沉积矿床等观点。本文研究表明,矿床为火山喷流热水沉积-变质-改造成因。成矿作用演化经历了火山喷流热水沉积,区域变质及后期改造三大成矿阶段。盖层中矿脉可作为基底隐伏矿床的预测标志。     

Lead Isotopic Composition and Lead Source of the Huogeqi Cu-Pb-Zn Deposit, Inner Mongolia, China

The Huogeqi orefield located on the northern side of Mt. Langshan, Inner Mongolia occurs in the Middle Proterozoic Langshan Group metamorphic rocks, and the orebodies arc stratiform. In the past twenty years, many Chinese geologists have conducted researches on the Huogeqi Cu-Pb-Zn deposit, but there has been still a controversy on its origin. Some advocate that the deposit is of sedimentary-metamorphic rcworking origin, some hold that it is of sea-floor SEDEX origin, and others have a preference for magmatic superimposition origin. The crux of the controversy is that there is no common understanding about the source of ore-forming materials. In this paper, the Pb isotopic compositions of regional Achaean-Early Proterozoic basement rocks, various types of sedimentary- metamorphic rocks and volcanic rocks in the mining district, Late Proterozoic and Hercynian magmatic rocks arc introduced and compared with the orc-lead composition, so as to constrain the source of the ore lead. The result indicates that （1） sulfides in the ores have homogeneous Pb isotopic compositions, showing a narrow variation range. Their ^206pb/^204pb ratios arc within a range of 17.027- 17.317; ^207Pb/^204pb ratios, 15.451-15.786 and ^208Pb/^204pb ratios, 36.747-37.669; （2） the Pb isotopic compositions of the regional Achaean-Early Proterozoic basement rocks arc characteristic of the old Pb isotopic composition at the early-stage evolution of the Earth, which varies over a wider range, reflecting significant differences in Pb isotopic compositions of the ores. All this indicates that the source of ore lead has no bearing on the basement rocks; （3） the sedimentary-metamorphic rocks in the mining district arc characterized by highly variable and more radiogenic Pb isotopic compositions and their Pb isotopic ratios arc obviously higher than those of ores, demonstrating that ore lead did not result from metamorphic rcworking of these rocks; （4） Pb isotopic compositions of Late Proterozoic diorite-gabbro and Hercynian granite are higher than those of ores. Meanwhile, the Pb isotopic compositions of sulfides in the small-sized strata-penetrating mineralized veinlets formed at later stages arc completely consistent with that of sulfides in stratiform-banded ores, suggesting that these veiniets arc the product of autochthonous rcworking of the stratiform-banded ores during the period of metamorphism and the late magmatic superimposition-mineralization can be excluded; （5） amphibolite, whose protolith is basic volcanic rocks, has the same Pb isotopic compositions as ores, implying that ore lead was derived probably from basic volcanism. So, the source of ore-forming materials for the Huogeqi deposit is like that of the volcanic massive sulfide （VMS） deposits. However, the orebodies do not occur directly within the volcanic rocks, and instead they overlie the volcanic rocks, showing some differences from those typical VMS-type deposits.     

围山城层控金银矿特征和成矿作用

围山城金银矿带包括银洞坡金矿床和破山银矿床。由于金、银矿床明显受地层、岩性控制,而旷化又具有热液成因的特点,因而引起人们的重视。本文主要研究了该矿带的层控特征和成矿作用。一、矿带地质特征围山城金银矿带位于秦岭东西复杂构造带东段南支。区内分布的上元古界为一套地槽型变质火山-沉积岩系。歪头山组(Pt_3w)为含矿岩系,构成北西向河前庄背斜。上覆大栗树组(Pt_3d)为变质火山岩——     

福建顺昌山后铅锌矿床地质特征及成因探讨

顺昌山后铅锌矿贮存于东岩组绿片岩中,受地层层位控制,矿体呈层状、似层状或透镜状产出。由于长期地质构造作用,使变质岩地层及矿体形态复杂多样。矿体沿走向、倾向变化大,部分深部尖灭或再现。矿体及围岩具有明显后期热液交代现象,矿床属变质海相火山岩型铅锌矿床。     

胶东邓格庄金矿床控矿断裂特征及其演化

邓格庄金矿床位于胶东牟(平)-乳(山)金矿带内,矿区内出露地层以太古界胶东群和古元古界荆山群为主.矿区内构造以断裂为主并较为发育,矿脉主要受其控制,呈北东向、北北东向展布.矿区内控矿断裂为与金牛山断裂同期的次级断裂.通过分析断裂构造征及其与金矿化的关系,可分为成矿前、成矿期和成矿后构造体系,初步认为成矿期的主压应力方向...     

新疆西天山吐拉苏火山盆地金矿的构造控矿规律

新疆西天山吐拉苏火山盆地金矿在不同尺度上受不同级别的构造控制。在大地构造尺度上，Ⅰ级控矿构造为与博罗科努丰生代岛弧带平行的NWW向基底断裂带，该断裂带控制与石炭纪火山岩有关的金矿带的展布，在区域尺度上，Ⅱ级控矿构造为NW向走滑断裂和NE向张笥断裂，控制金矿床的分布。在矿床尺度上，Ⅲ级控矿构造为陡倾的近SN向张性断裂和与破火山口有关的环状断裂，控制金矿体的定位和产状。     

鄂尔多斯盆地南缘寒武纪同沉积伸展断裂系统及其成因机制分析

由于复杂的构造叠加及严重的覆盖,人们对鄂尔多斯盆地早古生代深部结构的研究仍很薄弱。本文主要通过地震数据处理和解释,结合野外地质调查,发现在寒武纪时期,盆地的南缘发育了一套北东向和近东西向的正断裂系统。作者对这套断裂系统的平面及剖面特征进行了详细的描述和分析,并结合区域地质背景探讨了其成因机制,结果表明该套断裂系统主要是由于先存的元古宙北东向基底断层在寒武纪时期发生了继承性活动而形成,同时在断裂系统的局部区段派生出了东西向展布的小规模新生断层。这套断裂系统的发现可能对鄂尔多斯盆地南缘在寒武纪的演化认识及油气勘探具有一定的启示意义。