谢通门色药异常区铜找矿前景浅析

本文在区域地质、水系沉积物测量、土壤测量和高精度磁测等方面对色药异常区的铜找矿前景进行初步分析。利用1∶5万水系沉积物测量编制异常图,发现区内Mo、Cu、Bi、Pb、Zn、Sb、Sn、W、Ag、Hg等元素均有不同规模的异常,且Mo、Cu异常规模较大。通过高精度磁测结果显示区内有3个磁异常,已知铜矿化点均位于磁异常附近。通过土壤测量数据研究元素间的组合关系,推断区内可能的矿床类型与酸性侵入岩有关的斑岩型铜多金属矿。并对区内已发现的1号铜矿化点进行重点研究,表明区内寻找与中酸性侵入岩有关的铜多金属矿具有良好的找矿前景。     

西藏谢通门展咱木部异常区铅锌找矿前景

从区域地质、水系沉积物测量、土壤测量和高精度磁测等方面对西藏展咱木部地区的铅锌找矿前景做初步分析。出露地层主要为第三系始新统年波组的晶屑凝灰岩及安山玢岩,区内出露岩体主要为始新世花岗岩及小面积的花岗斑岩。利用1∶5万水系沉积物测量编制异常图,发现区内Pb、Zn、Ag、Au、Sb、Cu、Ba、Hg、Sn、As等元素有不同规模的明显异常,且Pb、Zn异常规模较大。通过土壤剖面可以看出Pb、Zn异常更显著。高精度磁测结果显示,化探异常位于磁异常附近。磁异常的定性分析对这些金属矿的深部找矿预测可以提供有利证据。磁异常显示该区是热液成矿的有利部位。通过研究元素间组合关系发现,Pb、Zn与Ag、As、Sb、Cu的关系密切,结合化探异常和地质特征,推断区内可能存在与火山岩有关的铅锌多金属矿床类型。研究表明研究区内寻找与火山岩有关的铅锌（银）多金属矿有较好的找矿前景。     

勘查地球化学在西藏色岗地区铅锌找矿中的应用

在西藏色岗扎西康铅锌整装勘查区内开展地球化学勘查。利用1∶5万水系沉积物测量编制异常图,发现区内Ag、Pb、Zn、Sb、Au、As、Bi、Mn等元素有不同规模的明显异常,且Ag、Pb、Sb、Au异常规模较大。通过土壤测量可以看出Ag、Pb、Zn、Sb、Au、As异常更显著。通过高精度遥感结果显示,化探异常位于线性构造附近;且已知矿化点位于断裂附近。通过土壤测量数据研究元素间组合关系,推断区内可能的矿床类型为为受构造控制的热液脉型铅锌矿,并对区内已发现的铅锌矿化点做着重介绍。研究表明区内寻找受构造控制的热液脉型铅锌矿有较好的找矿前景。     

勘查地球化学在西藏色岗地区铅锌找矿中的应用

在西藏色岗扎西康铅锌整装勘查区内开展地球化学勘查。利用1∶5万水系沉积物测量编制异常图,发现区内Ag、Pb、Zn、Sb、Au、As、Bi、Mn等元素有不同规模的明显异常,且Ag、Pb、Sb、Au异常规模较大。通过土壤测量可以看出Ag、Pb、Zn、Sb、Au、As异常更显著。通过高精度遥感结果显示,化探异常位于线性构造附近;且已知矿化点位于断裂附近。通过土壤测量数据研究元素间组合关系,推断区内可能的矿床类型为为受构造控制的热液脉型铅锌矿,并对区内已发现的铅锌矿化点做着重介绍。研究表明区内寻找受构造控制的热液脉型铅锌矿有较好的找矿前景。     

滇西北香格里拉翁水地区水系沉积物地球化学特征及找矿预测

翁水地区位于滇西北义敦岛弧南段,属于香格里拉弧斑岩型Cu-Mo-W成矿带,区内已发现大型休瓦促Mo-W矿床及多处金属矿床(点),具寻找Mo、 W、 Pb和Zn等多金属矿前景。1∶50 000水系沉积物地球化学测量成果显示,翁水地区Cu、 W、 Pb、 Zn、 Sn、 As、 Sb、 Bi、 Co和Ni等元素丰度显著高于西南三江成矿带水系沉积物背景值;元素异常明显受控于构造和岩性,Au元素主要富集在喇嘛亚组三段(T_3lm~3);W、Mo和Bi元素主要富集在二长花岗岩;Pb, Zn元素主要富集在图姆沟组二段(T_3t~2)。综合研究区元素异常特征、成矿地质条件及异常查证结果,圈定29处地球化学综合异常,优选2处找矿预测区,即休瓦促Mo-W A级找矿预测区和磨莫亚Pb-Zn-Ag B级找矿预测区,为进一步找矿工作提供了勘查方向和重要参考。     

珲春市秃头岭铜钼矿地质特征

区内呈小岩株状分布的早侏罗世中细粒花岗闪长岩,侵入呈岩基状分布的晚三叠世中粗粒花岗闪长岩中,既提供Cu、Mo等成矿元素,又提供必要的气水热液,为主要侵入岩找矿标志;接触带上的断裂构造为矿化有利部位。矿化蚀变主要有硅化、黄铁矿化、辉钼矿化等。1:5万水系沉积物测量,1:1万土壤测量,异常元素有Cu、Mo、W、As、Sb等,围绕中细粒花岗闪长岩分布,并作为有效找矿的地球化学标志。     

吉林省舒兰市二道河地区地球化学特征及找矿方向探讨

根据区内主成矿元素分布特征,结合区域构造、成矿地质背景和矿权设置情况,综合分析对比1∶20万水系沉积物异常特征,在二道河幅内异常处布设2～3条土壤剖面,通过土壤剖面测量圈定异常区4个,结合物探工作成果,圈定找矿靶区2个:Cu、Pb、Zn多金属矿靶区和W、Mo多金属矿靶区.在季德屯钼矿床北西,新发屯—春阳一带,也发现了铜钼矿化;并首次在机房沟岩组中发现矽卡岩型铜铅锌矿化,为本区及邻区新发现线索,工作程度较低,发现具有经济社会价值的铜铅锌多金属矿床潜力较大.而区内只开展过1∶20万水系沉积物测量,因此,进行1∶5万水系沉积物测量是必要的.     

西藏谢通门县普迟亚地区高精度磁测成果及找矿方向

通过1:5万地面高精度磁测的实地调查,对工作区的磁场特征有了详细的了解.经磁异常的定性分析,筛选出11个找矿潜力较大的异常区.同时1:5万水系沉积物测量成果表明区内主要找矿元素为Cu、Pb、Zn.磁异常的定性分析对这些金属矿的深部找矿预测可以提供有利证据.结合化探异常、地质特征、矿化特征优选出了展咱木部-坑马勒间强磁异...     

航空磁测在黑龙江伊春地区夕卡岩型锌多金属矿的找矿应用

依据1：5万高精度航磁异常和地质特征进行选区,结合1：2万综合物化探查证技术,在小兴安岭伊春地区航磁异常区发现了夕卡岩型锌多金属矿,体现了航空磁测技术在夕卡岩型多金属矿找矿中的适用性.查证结果认为,下寒武统含大理岩地层与侵入岩接触部位航磁异常区是重要的夕卡岩型多金属矿找矿靶区,赋矿部位显示低阻高极化地球物理特征;土壤地球化学特征表现为地层与侵入岩接触部位存在Ag、As、Sb、Mo、W、Bi、Pb、Cu、Zn元素组合异常,异常套合好,Sb异常值高,出现于内带,Zn常见于中带.     

普迟亚地区水系沉积物测量地球化学特征及找矿方向

在1∶5万水系沉积物测量的基础上,对西藏谢通门普迟亚地区的地球化学特征进行了初步分析.对元素分布特征、单元素异常特征、元素相关性分析、异常元素组合特征进行了研究.研究发现Pb、Zn 、Cu为区内具一定潜力的找矿指标.推断区内可能的成矿类型为火山岩型铅锌多金属矿和与酸性侵入岩有关的斑岩型铜多金属矿,优选了展咱木部铅锌找矿远景区和色药铜(钼)找矿远景区.     

Wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometric determination of Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites

Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours.     

高压微波消解法测定醋酸纤维过滤器采集的微尘粒子中的砷镉钴铬铜铁锰镍铅钒锌

最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提     

硅酸盐类样品中硅、铁、铝、钛、锰、钙、镁、钾、钠和磷的x射线荧光光谱测定

本文拟定了一种以熔融法制备样片,用X射线荧光光谱测定硅酸盐类样品中Si、Fe、Al、Tj、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Na、P等元素的分析方法。在对不同靶材X光管和分光晶体实验对比的基础上,选择了最佳的测量条件。该法具有快速、准确,测量范围广,检测限低,价格便宜等优点。经过近百个各种类型标样或管理样品的分析对比表明,本法不仅适用于硅酸盐类岩石样品的分析,还适用于铁矿、铝土矿、碳酸盐类岩矿样品以及水泥、耐火材料等样品的分析。     

Isotopic systematics of He,Ar, S,Cu, Ni,Re, Os,Pb, U,Sm, Nd,Rb, Sr,Lu, and Hf in the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits

This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (³He/⁴He, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar, ³⁴S/³²S, ⁶⁵Cu/⁶³Cu, ⁶²Ni/⁶⁰Ni, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd, ^206–208Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.     

Viscous, cohesive, non-Newtonian, depositing, radial slurry flow

Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance.     

硅酸盐中铁、锰、钛、钙、钾、磷、硅、铝、镁、钠、锶、铷、钡的X-射线荧光光谱定量测定

本文介绍样品经四硼酸锂熔融制成玻璃小饼。采用Lachance模式和理论a系数来校正元素间的效应,由3080E型X-射线荧光谱仪和DF-350B数据处理系统完成硅酸盐中十三个项目的测定。     

Bellechester,Minnesota, USA,lagoon collapses

Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×10⁶ 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m³ of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes.     

Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA

The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources.     

滇东南花岗岩与锡、银、铜、铅、锌多金属矿床的成因关系

滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床.     

岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率

在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。