滇西北红牛—红山铜矿床斑岩锆石U- Pb年龄、Hf同位素及地球化学特征

滇西北格咱铜多金属矿集区是西南三江特提斯构造域重要的Cu—Mo多金属成矿带之一,燕山期伴随着构造—岩浆—热液作用形成了一系列的斑岩—矽卡岩型Cu（Mo）多金属矿床。其中红牛—红山铜矿床是区内代表性矿床。本文在系统的野外工作基础上对红牛—红山铜矿花岗斑岩—石英二长斑岩复式岩体进行了LA- ICP- MS锆石U- Pb定年、岩石地球化学和锆石Lu—Hf 同位素分析。结果表明,斑岩富硅（SiO2 =59. 19%~72. 20%）、富碱（K2O＋Na2O=6. 65%~12. 33%）,具有较高的稀土元素含量（ΣREE=163×10-6~588×10-6,平均值为272×10-6）,轻重稀土元素分馏程度较高（LREE/HREE=17. 2~31. 7）,负铕异常（δEu=0. 64~0. 84）,相对富集Rb、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素（LILE）,而相对亏损Nb、Ti、Ta、P等高场强元素（HFSE）,为一套准铝质—过铝质的高钾钙碱性—钾玄岩系列高分异I型花岗岩,有向A型花岗岩演化趋势,具高锶低钇特征。3件花岗斑岩样品锆石LA- ICP- MS U- Pb年龄分别为80. 11±0. 63 Ma、76. 59±0. 53 Ma、76. 49±0. 63 Ma,2件石英二长斑岩锆石LA- ICP- MS U- Pb年龄为77. 27±0. 70 Ma、76. 99±0. 75 Ma,均属于燕山晚期。锆石εHf(t)值为-10. 3~-4. 6,两阶段模式年龄TDM2为1. 277~1. 582 Ga,峰值为1. 35~1. 40 Ga,揭示了红牛—红山花岗斑岩—石英二长斑岩源于中元古代地壳基底的深熔作用。综合认为红牛—红山花岗斑岩—石英二长斑岩的形成与早期形成的印支期格咱岛弧加厚地壳部分熔融密切相关。     

北祁连干沙鄂博矿区碱性岩锆石U- Pb年龄、Hf同位素及岩石地球化学特征

干沙鄂博稀土矿床位于北祁连造山带中段,是祁连成矿带内最大的稀土矿床。矿体产于早泥盆世碱性岩体及其围岩接触带内。为了查明含矿碱性岩体侵位时代、岩石成因和源区性质,本文开展了岩石学、锆石U- Pb定年、锆石Hf同位素及岩石地球化学研究。结果表明碱性岩体由霓辉正长岩、霓辉正长斑岩、石英正长斑岩和花岗斑岩组成,侵入于毛藏寺花岗闪长岩中。该岩体LA- ICPMS锆石U- Pb年龄为409.7±5.8Ma,εHf(t)值变化于-0.15~+2.34之间,平均1.03,tDM2(Hf)为1.2~1.1 Ga。岩石主量元素SiO2介于59.1%~68.5%之间,具高钾（Na2O/K2O =0.35~0.85）,富碱质（K2O+Na2O=7.91%~11.09%）、贫CaO（2.90%~8.17%）、MgO（0.21%~1.30%）的特征,属钾玄质系列碱性岩;岩石强烈富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素（如Rb、Ba、Sr、U 和Pb等）,亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素（如Nb、Ta和Ti）,弱负Eu异常（δEu为0.7 ~ 0.8）,以及轻稀土富集的右倾型稀土元素配分模式,具A型花岗岩岩石地球化学特征。结合区域构造演化,认为干沙鄂博矿区碱性岩形成于造山后伸展环境,为晚奥陶世北祁连洋闭合后,于早泥盆世发生区域性拉张作用,诱发碱性岩浆侵入和与其共生稀土矿体的形成。     

江西武功山早古生代花岗岩的岩石学、锆石U- Pb和Lu—Hf同位素地球化学特征及其地质意义

武功山造山带位于华夏地块与扬子地块碰撞缝合带南侧,记录了新元古代以来的多次构造运动。本文对其中的黑云母二长花岗岩和二云母二长花岗岩进行了全面的矿物学、岩石地球化学、锆石U- Pb同位素年代学及Lu—Hf同位素研究。LA- ICP- MS锆石U- Pb同位素年代学研究指示武功山黑云母二长花岗岩和二云母二长花岗岩结晶于早志留世（441. 6~442. 2 Ma）。武功山早志留世花岗岩具有富硅（SiO2含量为67. 43%~73. 06%）、富碱（Na2O+K2O含量为6. 47%~8. 46%）、贫钙（CaO=0. 78%~2. 64%）、贫镁（MgO=0. 46%~1. 61%）等特征,为强过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗岩（A/CNK=1. 09~1. 35）。同时,岩相学和地球化学指示岩石属于亚碱性系列,分异程度较低,ΣREE较低,轻重稀土分异程度较高,为S型花岗岩且岩浆源区物相为角闪石+斜长石+石榴子石。结合花岗岩锆石fLu/Hf 值均小于-0. 9,εHf（t）均为负值（-6. 7到-4. 8）,指示岩浆来源于古元古代古老陆壳物质,形成于陆内造山构造背景下,为武功山地区对武夷—云开造山运动的响应。     

大别山北麓白石坡银矿区花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成及其地质意义

白石坡银矿床是大别山地区具代表性的中型银矿床,已探明银储量219.8 t。银矿体与矿区花岗斑岩空间关系密切。为深化理解其成矿地质背景,对白石坡花岗斑岩进行了详细的岩相学观察、锆石U-Pb同位素测年、岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素研究。通过激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)分析,获得花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为(142±2) Ma(MSDW=1.9),表明其形成于早白垩世。岩石具较高的SiO2含量(73.94%~76.14%)和富K2O(7.46%~9.55%)等特点,总体属于强过铝质(A/CNK=1.07~1.45)、高钾钙碱性系列,具高分异花岗岩特征;岩石富集轻稀土((LREE/HREE)N=10.88~12.89),具中等Eu负异常,并具有较低的Sr、Y、Yb含量。岩石锶同位素初始比值ISr为0.714 762~0.715 890,钕同位素εNd(t)值约为-13.8,两阶段Nd模式年龄TDM2=2.06~2.05 Ga。锆石εHf(t)值集中于-16.6~-13.5,两阶段Hf模式年龄TDM2=1.98~1.81 Ga。岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素特征共同揭示,该花岗斑岩可能是扬子陆壳北缘古老地壳物质重熔演化的产物。白石坡花岗斑岩及相关银矿床形成于白垩纪加厚下地壳拆沉之前地壳持续挤压加厚环境,与陈棚组火山活动不存在直接联系。     

柴北缘西段团鱼山岩体的地球化学、年代学及Hf同位素示踪

柴北缘西段团鱼山花岗闪长岩体SiO2 含量为66.35%~70.04%,具有富碱（Na2O+K2O=7.20%~7.57%）,富钠（Na2O/ K2O=2.37~3.38）,弱过铝质（A/CNK=1.00~1.02）以及低镁指数（Mg#=23~26）等特点,为钙碱性弱过铝质花岗岩。岩石 具有较低的Y（4.65×10-6~6.31×10-6）, Yb（0.38×10-6~0.54×10-6） 以及较高的Sr（858×10-6~1020×10-6） 含量,Sr/ Y=162~192,显示了高Sr 低Y 的地球化学特征。锆石的U- Pb 同位素研究结果显示,团鱼山花岗闪长岩的侵位时代为（437.4 ±3）Ma。结合柴北缘地区超高压变质年龄（423~458 Ma）,认为该岩体是在陆壳俯冲背景下,基性下地壳加厚脱水引发部 分熔融的结果,熔融温压条件可能为P >1.2GPa 和T >800℃,源区残留相主要为石榴石+ 角闪石。锆石Hf同位素研究结果表明, 其εHf（t ）值变化于-11.4~8.15,二阶段模式年龄存在888~1078 Ma（具正的εHf（t ）值颗粒）和1300~1699 Ma（具负的εHf（t ）值颗粒）两组,另有两个核部测点的二阶段模式年龄分别为2.45 Ga 和3.00 Ga（对应测点的U-Pb 年龄>2.4 Ga）,表明团鱼 山花岗闪长岩源区物质组成复杂,主要为中元古代-古元古代地壳物质和新元古代新生地壳,同时暗示柴北缘地区在太古 代已有地壳形成。     

柴北缘锡铁山花岗斑岩锆石U—Pb年代学、地球化学及Hf同位素

对锡铁山北东侧的花岗斑岩体进行锆石U—Pb年代学、岩石地球化学及Hf同位素研究。通过LA—ICP—MS锆石U—Pb同位素测年,获得花岗斑岩的成岩年龄为373. 9±2. 2 Ma (MSWD=0. 069),属于晚泥盆世岩浆活动的产物。岩石地球化学特征显示岩石富硅(SiO_2=76. 33%～76. 99%)和碱(K_2O+Na_2O=7. 28%～8. 19%),低钙(CaO=0. 58%～0. 75%)、镁(MgO=0. 20%～0. 31%)和Mg~#值(Mg~#=23. 29～30. 17),A/CNK介于0. 97～0. 98,属于准铝质钙碱性岩石系列。岩石相对富集Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素及Ba、Sr等部分大离子亲石元素。稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾型,轻稀土元素分馏明显,重稀土元素分馏较弱,且相对富集轻稀土元素,亏损重稀土元素,显示明显的负Eu异常(δEu=0. 36～0. 43)。锆石Hf同位素ε_(Hf)(t)比值为+6. 6～+9. 6,二阶段模式年龄T_(DM2)为760～950 Ma。综合岩石地球化学及同位素的研究表明,锡铁山花岗斑岩为高分异的I型花岗岩,岩浆源区主要为起源亏损地幔的新元古代新生地壳物质的部分熔融。结合区域构造背景和前人研究成果,认为本文锡铁山花岗斑岩形成于柴达木地块与祁连地块碰撞后伸展的大地构造环境。     

大兴安岭北段小柯勒河花岗斑岩脉成因及地质意义:锆石U-Pb年龄、岩石地球化学及Hf同位素制约

为了探讨大兴安岭北段小柯勒河花岗斑岩脉的岩石成因、构造背景及地质意义,本文对其进行了锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学与Hf同位素的研究。岩石地球化学结果显示：花岗斑岩富硅（w（SiO₂）为69.85%~70.48%）、富碱（w（Na₂O+K₂O）为9.74%~9.89%）,贫镁（w（MgO）为0.34%~0.40%）、贫钙（w（CaO）为1.04%~1.20%）,A/CNK为0.98~1.02,属于准铝质-弱过铝质系列岩石;具有轻稀土元素富集和重稀土元素亏损的特征,中等Eu负异常,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K和高场强元素Th、U、Hf、Zr,亏损大离子亲石元素Sr、Ba和高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti、P。花岗斑岩中的10⁴Ga/Al值为2.32~3.68,分异指数I_D为87.63~89.01。综合分析认为小柯勒河花岗斑岩属于分异的I型花岗岩。花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄为（124.0±0.6）Ma,属于早白垩世晚期。锆石ε_Hf（t）值为0.5~3.3,二阶段Hf同位素模式年龄T_DM2为1 150~970 Ma。结合岩石地球化学特征分析认为花岗斑岩源岩为由亏损地幔衍生的中-新元古代新增生地壳部分熔融的产物,并有少量古老地壳物质的加入。该花岗斑岩形成于早白垩世晚期蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合背景下的伸展环境,此时太平洋板块持续向欧亚大陆俯冲,但对本区影响有限。     

东天山白山钼矿区花岗岩的岩石成因:锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及Hf同位素约束

新疆东天山晚古生代中酸性岩浆活动广泛分布且已有较多研究成果。近年来在该区识别出印支期岩浆作用,然而研究者对其岩石成因、源区性质及相关动力学问题研究较少。白山钼矿区位于东天山康古尔-黄山韧性剪切带东段,是东天山多金属成矿带印支期斑岩型钼矿床,其矿体主要赋存于深部花岗斑岩体外接触带中。本文则对白山钼矿区深部花岗斑岩开展了岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Lu-Hf同位素组成研究。SIMS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,白山花岗斑岩体大约侵位于226.8±3.2Ma。岩石地球化学结果表明,花岗斑岩具高Si O2含量(68.87%~72.82%)及全碱含量(6.85%~8.17%),铝饱和指数A/CNK为0.93~1.06,均小于1.1,为准铝质至过铝质I型花岗岩。岩石具有明显的轻重稀土分异和弱的Eu负异常,富集大离子亲石元素(K、Rb、Sr),相对亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti、Th),具高Sr/Y和La/Yb比值的特点,显示与埃达克质岩石相似的地球化学特征。白山花岗斑岩锆石Lu-Hf同位素数据显示,其具较高的εHf(t)值(+8.0~+11.0)和较年轻的地壳模式年龄tCDM(556~758Ma)。结合岩石地球化学及同位素地球化学特征,本文认为白山花岗岩体可能来源于增厚下地壳物质的部分熔融,并可能混有幔源岩浆物质,形成于东天山碰撞造山作用之后的板内伸展阶段。     

豫西雷门沟钼矿区花岗斑岩年代学、地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素研究

雷门沟钼矿床是东秦岭地区典型的斑岩型矿床之一。矿体主要赋存于雷门沟花岗斑岩体内,部分产于岩体外接触带的太华群片麻岩中。LA-(MC)-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,雷门沟花岗斑岩的成岩年龄为(131.0±0.6)Ma(n=25,MSWD=1.6),与辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄(132±2)Ma一致。岩石地球化学分析表明,该岩体的A/CNK=1.11~1.17,w(K2O+Na2O)为8.12%~9.07%,K2O/Na2O比值为1.17~1.68,属于过铝质和高钾钙碱性系列。稀土和微量元素特征显示,该岩体富集LREE、K、Rb、Ba、Sr、Pb等大离子亲石元素,亏损HREE、Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素,具有中等的负铕异常。岩石的初始87Sr/86Sr比值为0.709 319~0.709 326,εNd(t)值为-16.26~-16.16;锆石的εHf(t)值变化于-27.9~-16.9,二阶段模式年龄tDM2=2259~2946 Ma,显示其源区物质以壳源物质为主,可能为太古宙太华群,有少量幔源组分的参与,岩体可能是由底侵的基性幔源岩浆诱发的地壳物质部分熔融形成的。与邻近的花山岩基的地球化学和同位素特征对比表明,雷门沟花岗斑岩和花山岩基来源于相同的源区,推测二者应是不同侵入期次的产物。     

黑龙江省多宝山Cu-Mo矿床成矿斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄及地球化学特征

多宝山矿床位于大兴安岭北部,是中国东北地区规模最大的斑岩型Cu-Mo矿床。文章对该矿床中与成矿关系密切的花岗闪长斑岩进行了详细的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、主量元素、微量元素及Hf同位素研究。结果表明,花岗闪长斑岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(474.9±1.8)Ma,其w(Si O2)为70.73%~73.45%,w(K2O)和w(Na2O)分别为2.99%~3.88%、3.86%~4.38%,属高钾钙碱性系列。岩石富集轻稀土元素,(La/Yb)N=6.32~12.76,显示出Ba、K、La、Sr、Zr、Hf、Sm等元素富集,Th、Ta、Nb、Ce、P、Ti等元素亏损的特征。锆石εHf(t)值介于10.3~14.6。详尽的元素和同位素地球化学特征表明多宝山花岗闪长斑岩可能形成于大陆边缘弧环境,来源于加厚陆壳条件下亏损地幔新增生的年轻地壳物质的部分熔融过程。     

Police, politics, and the right to the city

Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete.     

Rb-Sr, K-Ar, H-and O-Isotope systematics of the Middle Riphean shales from the Debengda Formation, the Olenek Uplift, North Sibera

Clay subfractions (SFs) of <0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–2 and 2–5 μm separated from Middle Riphean shales of the Debengda Formation are studied using the TEM, XRD, K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic methods. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in the SFs are studied as well. The low-temperature illite-smectite is dominant mineral in all the SFs except for the coarsest ones. The XRD, chemical and isotopic data imply that two generations of authigenic illite-smectite different in age are mixed in the SFs. The illite crystallinity index decreases in parallel with size diminishing of clay particles. As compared to coarser SFs, illite of fine-grained subfractions is enriched in Al relative to Fe and Mg, contains more K, and reveals higher K/Rb and Rb/Sr ratios. The Rb-Sr age calculated by means of the leachochron (“inner isochron”) method declines gradually from 1254-1272 Ma in the coarsest SFs to 1038-1044 Ma in finest ones, while the K-Ar age decreases simultaneously from 1225–1240 to 1080 Ma. The established positive correlation of δ¹⁸O and δD values with dimensions of clay particles in the SFs seems to be also consistent with the mixing systematics. The isotopic systematics along with data on mineral composition and morphology lead to the conclusion that mixedlayer illite-smectite was formed in the Debengda shales during two periods 1211–1272 and 1038–1080 Ma ago. The first period is likely close to the deposition time of sediments and corresponds to events of burial catagenesis, whereas the second one is correlative with the regional uplift and changes in hydrological regime during the pre-Khaipakh break in sedimentation.     

Isotopic systematics of He,Ar, S,Cu, Ni,Re, Os,Pb, U,Sm, Nd,Rb, Sr,Lu, and Hf in the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits

This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (³He/⁴He, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar, ³⁴S/³²S, ⁶⁵Cu/⁶³Cu, ⁶²Ni/⁶⁰Ni, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd, ^206–208Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.     

Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA

Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N₂ in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area.     

扬子北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素及S-Pb-He-Ar-C同位素地球化学研究

马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。     

Delivery of Trace Metals (Al,Fe, Mn,V, Co,Ni, Cu,Cd, Ag,Pb) from the Trinity River Watershed Towards the Ocean

The Trinity River (Texas, USA) contains in its watershed 23 different reservoir lakes, the largest one being Lake Livingston situated in the lower Trinity River watershed and two potentially polluting metroplexes, Dallas and Houston. In order to determine fluxes of nutrients and trace metals to Galveston Bay, a survey that included 24 discreet samples collected over a year and at various stages of discharge was carried out during 2000–2001. Geochemical (i.e., sorption by Fe oxyhydroxides), biological (i.e., seasonal uptake by sinking algae in Lake Livingston), and hydrological (i.e., dilution effects by increasing flow rates) controls were found to be mainly responsible for variations in dissolved trace metal concentrations rather than pollution sources. The Trinity River loads of suspended sediments and pollutant trace metals entering Galveston Bay at Anahuac were <20% of those reaching Lake Livingston, and only a few percent of the total upstream trace metal load is entering the Gulf of Mexico. Thus, during the transit through the 23 man-made lakes and an estuary, >96% of the pollutant trace metal load is lost to sediments.     

山西五台山区滹沱群变质玄武岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其成因意义

在野外地质调查的基础上,选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩,进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明：玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO,低MgO,具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高,具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集,中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异,轻微的Eu异常;玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大,但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常,部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,无Zr、Hf负异常,与岛弧火山岩不同;同时Nb、Ta无分异,Zr/Hf值较高,具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为,滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用,同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。     

海南长塘岭矿区大坡岩体岩石学、地球化学特征及其含矿性初探

海南大坡岩体位于五指山褶皱带内,主要受昌江—琼海构造带、琼西构造带与潭爷断陷构造带控制.岩石地球化学及岩石学研究表明,大坡岩体形成于海西-印支晚期,岩性单一,主要为中细粒似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩.岩体显示为Ⅰ型花岗岩与S型花岗岩的混合,主体以地壳物质部分熔融为主,形成过程有少量地幔物质加入.元素对的比值及稀土元素配分特征说明岩体钨锡等多金属含矿性可能较差.     

贵州岑巩羊桥罗家塘杷榔动物群的发现及其后生动物早期演化的意义

岑巩县羊桥乡罗家塘杷榔组仅出露中-上部地层,岩性单一,均为青灰、灰绿色粉砂质泥、页岩.在其上部层位发现了俞氏贵州始海百合(Guizhoueocrinus yui Zhao,Parsley et Peng,2007),计有棘皮动物始海百合、腕足动物、软体动物-软舌螺、节肢动物-三叶虫等8属9种,包括了2个未定名的新种和1...