黑龙江镜泊湖地区第四纪玄武岩的Sr、Nd、Pb同位素组成及其地幔源区特征

本文首次对黑龙江镜泊湖地区第四纪玄武岩的Sr、Nd、Pb同位素组成进行了系统研究。结果表明,尽管不同时代、不同空间上生成的玄武岩在岩石化学、稀土和微量元素特征上差别明显,但其Sr、Nd、Pb同位素组成却有明显的相似性,均具有低Sr、Pb和相对高的Nd同位素值（87Sr/86Sr=0.70396～0.704537;143Nd/144Nd=0.512656～0.512786;206Pb/204Pb=17.0856～1 7.5034;207Pb/204Pb=15.2689～15.3461;208Pb/204Pb= 37.0999～37.4363）,由此指示了该区玄武岩的源区是DMM和EMI二 端元混合的结果。本文将其解释为与含有再循环的下地壳物质的地幔柱活动引起该区软流圈地幔的部分熔融有关,但在部分熔融之前发生了交代作用。     

浙东早白垩世复合岩流和岩墙中蕴含的壳幔作用信息

浙东早白垩世拉斑玄武岩—辉绿岩的Nd同位素变化较大,εNd（t）= 2.46～-8.04;其（87Sr / 86Sr）i = 0.705～0.709;206Pb/204Pb = 18.338～18.726, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.554～15.799,208Pb/204Pb = 38.419～39.319。伴生的同时代流纹岩—花岗斑岩具有华南I型和S型花岗岩的综合特征。与某些洋内弧、受混染的岛弧和大陆弧的相似拉斑玄武岩相比较,这种拉斑玄武岩不但富集大离子亲石元素（LILE）,而且富集轻稀土元素（LREE）和高场强元素（HFSE）。在这些玄武岩中找到元古宙的磨圆锆石以及玄武岩浆与同时代的流纹岩浆相互混合的证据。这些特征说明,浙东早白垩世拉斑玄武岩浆来自富集地幔,在其上侵过程中,导致地壳岩石部分熔化,本身也受到地壳岩石及熔体的混染。     

中国东南沿海中—新生代玄武岩微量元素和Nd—Sr—Pb同位素研究

本文对中国东南沿海不含幔源包体的中生代玄武岩和含幔源包体的新生代玄武岩进行了微量元素和Nd-Sr-Pb同位素对比研究。中生代玄武岩呈Ta,Nb和Hf负异常，低Ce/Pb,Nb/U比值和高La/Nb比值，与岛弧火山岩和陆壳岩石的微量元素特征相类似，说明在岩浆生成和上升过程中，幔源组分受到了陆壳组分的混染。新生代玄武岩呈Ta,Nb正异常和Pb负异常，高Ce/Pb,Nb/U比值和低La/Nb比值，与海岛玄武岩（OIB）相类似，Nd-Sr同位素成分与夏威夷玄武岩类似，因而它们未受明显的陆壳混染。^143Nd/^144Nd与^206Pb/^204Pb之间的负相关关系和^87Sr/^86Sr与^206Pb/^204Pb之间的正相关关系说明本区新生代玄武岩起源于中等亏损程度的软流圈地幔，并与EMII富集地幔组分发生了混合。     

庐枞早白垩世火山岩的地球化学特征及其源区意义

从中生代到新生代,华北东部岩石圈地幔发生了减薄以及地球化学性质置换, 而扬子地块东部中生代岩石圈地幔也表现出类似的过程,对中生代火山岩的地球化学研究有助于了解这一变化过程以及发生置换时的时空关系。庐枞火山岩出露于扬子地块东部,为一套包括粗玄岩–玄武粗安岩–粗面岩的富碱橄榄安粗岩系。研究了双庙组基性火山岩,这些岩石富集Rb,K,Sr,Th和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素。(87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.7060~0.7063,εNd(t )=-3.9~-6.2,(206Pb/204Pb)i=17.788~18.125,(207Pb/204Pb)i= 15.511~15.546,(208Pb/204Pb)i =37.735~38.184。在喷出地表过程中,火山岩没有受到明显的地壳物质混染,因此元素和同位素组成反映了地幔源区的地球化学特征。 其地幔源区具有同位素富集特征,表明火山岩源区曾受到地壳物质的影响,是富集地幔部分熔融的产物,并经历明显的结晶分异作用。庐枞火山岩的岩浆成分和源区特征反映该地区在晚中生代岩石圈地幔的伸展和软流圈地幔上涌的演化过程。     

冈底斯基性次火山岩地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素：碰撞后火山作用亏损地幔源区的约束

青藏高原隆升与伸展构造模式（地幔对流减薄、板片断离和大陆俯冲）认为地幔软流圈上涌为藏南碰撞后火山作用提供了热源,而已有研究成果没有包括碰撞后火山作用软流圈地幔源区的岩石学、地球化学证据,而是集中在富集岩石圈地幔.出露于冈底斯东段达孜-甲马地区的基性次火山岩的^40Ar/^39Ar坪年龄为38.07～42Ma.次火山岩具有高Mg#值和相容微量元素含量（Cr、Ni、V、Sc）,低LILE、和LREE,低LREE/HREE分离.原生样品呈现平坦的稀土配分曲线和LILE亏损的原始地幔标准化曲线,显示出OIB地球化学亲和性.岩石具有低Sr、低Pb和高Nd同位素组成[（^87Sr/^86Sr）i=0.7048～0.7064;（^144Nd/^143Nd） i = 0.5126～0.51286 ;^206Pb/^204Pb = 18.3722～18.5288; ^207Pb/^204Pb = 15.5686～15.6214; ^208 Pb/^204Pb = 38.5203～38.7298],显示出与富集OIB非常相似的Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成及变化范围.应用我们的分析数据并结合已有研究成果,达孜-甲马基性次火山与adakite、林子宗火山岩、钾质岩-超钾质岩构成了藏南碰撞后火山岩Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成演化带,基性次火山岩分布于演化带的原生端元,揭示出其岩浆源区与富集岩石圈地幔存在明显的差异.研究结果证明,具有与OIB相似地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成的基性次火山岩的源区是软流圈地幔.由冈底斯带新近纪基性火山作用厘定的软流圈上涌深部过程对洋壳断离模式、基性岩浆底侵作用和西藏高原地壳加厚时限提供了有效的约束.     

中国东南沿海中-新生代玄武岩微量元素和Nd-Sr-Pb同位素研究

本文对中国东南沿海不含幔源包体的中生代玄武岩和含幔源包体的新生代玄武岩进行了微量元素和Nd-Sr-Pb同位素对比研究。中生代玄武岩呈Ta、Nb和Hf负异常,低Ce/Pb、Nb/U比值和高La/Nb比值,与岛弧火山岩和陆壳岩石的微量元素特征相类似,说明在岩浆生成和上升过程中,幔源组分受到了陆壳组分的混染。新生代玄武岩呈Ta、Nb正异常和Pb负异常,高Ce/Pb、Nb/U比值和低La/Nb比值,与海岛玄武岩(OIB)相类似,Nd-Sr同位素成分与夏威夷玄武岩类似,因而它们未受明显的陆壳混染。143Nd/144Nd与206Pb/204Pb之间的负相关关系和87Sr/86Sr与206Pb/204Pb之间的正相关关系说明本区新生代玄武岩起源于中等亏损程度的软流圈地幔,并与EMII富集地幔组分发生了混合。     

吉林东南部晚中生代中酸性火山作用成因的地球化学制约

详细的主、微量元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素研究结果显示,延吉地区晚中生代(早白垩世)中酸性火山岩具有岛弧型微量元素特征(富集轻稀土(LREE)、大离子亲石元素(LILE)和亏损高场强元素(HFSE)),和中等放射成因Sr、Pb及类似于硅质地球的Nd同位素组成(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr(i)=0.70437～0.70525;~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb(i)=18.19～18.37,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb(i)=15.54～15.57,~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb(i)=38.13～38.22;ε_(Nd)(t)=-2.75～+1.61)。其Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成特征类似于区域同期基性火山岩和大兴安岭地区同时代火山岩。这些广泛分布于吉林南部的晚中生代中酸性火山岩是岩石圈地幔来源岩浆经分离结晶或地壳物质混染/AFC过程的产物。吉林省东南部晚中生代不同区域火山岩的Sr-Nd-Pb同位素对比结果显示,辽源-延吉与通化地区分属不同构造单元,其中辽源-延吉一带则为中亚造山带的东段,而通化地区为华北克拉通的一部分,夹皮沟-松江断裂可能是华北克拉通东北缘的边界。     

庐枞火山岩系与偏碱性石英正长岩带的同源特征及成因探讨

庐枞火山岩系与由黄梅尖、城山和大龙山3个岩体组成的偏碱性石英正长岩带在野外紧密共生,他们的RbSr等时线年龄在分析误差范围内相当一致,约为135 Ma,87Sr／86Sr初始比和Nd、Pb同位素组成也很相似,显示了成因上的渊源关系以及成岩物质来源较深且受到了上部地壳的混染等特征,反映了深部地质构造条件对岩浆活动的制约。     

中天山卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩的成因及其构造意义:元素地球化学和Sr Nd Pb同位素约束

研究中天山地块卡瓦布拉克杂岩带的成因,对重建中天山南缘古生代洋陆构造格局及其演变过程具有重要意义。在查明杂岩带中-基性岩主体岩类矿物学及岩石学特征的基础上,分析了该岩类的主、微量元素和Sr Nd Pb同位素组成。结果显示:其属于偏基性的富钠、低钾岩石系列,富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、U、Sr)和轻稀土元素(LREE),亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr)和重稀土元素(HREE)。全岩Sr Nd同位素组成具有较低的锶初始比值(ISr=0706~0709)和较高的εNd(t)值(684~976),并具有较低的放射性成因铅同位素组成,初始铅同位素比值(206Pb/204Pb)i=18015~18239、(207Pb/204Pb)i=15573~15593、(208Pb/204Pb)i=37871~38207。结合前人研究成果和区域地质资料,认为其母岩浆应该来自被交代的年轻富集岩石圈地幔,代表岛弧岩浆,说明卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩可能代表该区晚古生代岩浆弧的一部分。     

太行山地区中、新生代玄武质岩浆的源区特征与时空演化

本文总结了太行山地区中生代辉长岩和新生代玄武岩的元素和同位素组成，其组成显示它们的地幔源区存在着明显的差别。新生代玄武岩以碱性玄武岩为主，含有少量橄榄拉斑玄武岩，它们来自软流圈的部分熔融，并伴有少量古老岩石圈地幔组分的加入。相比之下，中生代辉长岩具有明显不同的地球化学特征：SiO2含量高，LREE和LILE（Ba，Th，U）富集以及HFSE（Nb，Ta，Zr和Ti）亏损，Sr-Nd同位素富集（大多数^87Sr／^86Sri〉0．705，^143Nd／^144Nd；〈0．512）、Pb同位素亏损（^206Ph／^204Pbi〈17．5，^207Ph／^204Pbi〈15．5，^208Pb／^204Pbi〈38．0）。这些特征表明中生代辉长岩来源于经过富硅熔体强烈改造的古老岩石圈地幔，这种富集改造过程很可能与华北克拉通内部元古代的俯冲／碰撞事件有关。古老且同位素富集的岩石圈地幔残存至新生代，并被新生代玄武岩携带的地幔橄榄岩捕虏体所记录。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Inter-regional correlation of transgressions and regressions in the Cretaceous period

Well investigated platforms have been selected in each continent, and the history of Cretaceous transgressions and regressions there is concisely reviewed from the available evidence. The factual records have been summarized into a diagram and the timing of the events correlated between distant as well as adjoining areas.On a global scale, major transgressions were stepwise enlarged in space and time from the Neocomian, via Aptian-Albian, to the Late Cretaceous, and the post-Cretaceous regression was very remarkable. Minor cycles of transgression-regression were not always synchronous between different areas. Some of them were, however, nearly synchronous between the areas facing the same ocean.Tectono-eustasy may have been the main cause of the phenomena of transgression-regression, but certain kinds of other tectonic movements which affected even the so-called stable platforms were also responsible for the phenomena. The combined effects of various causes may have been unusual in the Cretaceous, since it was a period of global tectonic activity. The slowing down of this activity followed by readjustments may have been the cause of the global regression at the end of the Cretaceous.     

The lamprophyres of Afyon stratovolcano,western Anatolia,Turkey: description and genesis

The Afyon stratovolcano exhibits lamprophyric rocks, emplaced as hydrovolcanic products, aphanitic lava flows and dyke intrusions, during the final stages of volcanic activity. Most of the Afyon volcanics belong to the silica-saturated alkaline suite, as potassic trachyandesites and trachytes, while the products of the latest activity are lamproitic lamprophyres (jumillite, orendite, verite, fitztroyite) and alkaline lamprophyres (campto-sannaite, sannaite, hyalo-monchiquite, analcime–monchiquite). Afyon lamprophyres exhibit LILE and Zr enrichments, related to mantle metasomatism.     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20140751 Guo Xincheng(Geological Party,BGMRED of Xinjiang,Changji 831100,China);Zheng Yuzhuang Determination and Geological Significance of the Mesoarchean Craton in Western Kunlun Mountains,Xinjiang,China(Geological Review,ISSN0371-5736,CN11-1952/P,59(3),2013,p.401-412,8     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141058 Chen Ling(Key Laboratory of Mathematical Geology of Sichuan Province,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu610059,China);Guo Ke Study of Geochemical Ore-Forming Anomaly Identification Based on the Theory of Blind Source Separation(Geosci-     

SEISMIC GEOLOGY

正20141334 Chen Kun(Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing100081,China);Yu Yanxiang Shakemap of Peak Ground Acceleration with Bias Correction for the Lushan,Sichuan Earthquake on April20,2013(Seismology and Geology,ISSN0253-4967,CN11-2192/P,35(3),2013,p.627-633,2 illus.,1 table,9 refs.)Key words:great earthquakes,Sichuan Province     

HISTORICAL GEOLOGY & STRATIGRAPHY

正20141624 Cai Xiongfei(Key Laboratory of Geobiology and Environmental Geology,Ministry of Education,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Yang Jie A Restudy of the Upper Sinian Zhengmuguan and Tuerkeng Formations in the Helan Mountains(Journal of Stratigraphy,ISSN0253-4959CN32-1187/P,37(3),2013,p.377-386,5 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20142263Lü Shaojun(Geological Survey of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330030,China)Early-Middle Permian Biostratigraphical Characteristics in Qiangduo Area,Tibet(Resources SurveyEnvironment,ISSN1671-4814,CN32-1640/N,34(4),2013,p.221-227,2illus.,2tables,22refs.)Key words:biostratigraphy,Lower Permian,Middle Permian,Tibet     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20142560Hu Hongxia(Regional Geological and Mineral Resources Survey of Jilin Province,Changchun 130022,China);Dai Lixia Application of GIS Map Projection Transformation in Geological Work(Jilin Geology,ISSN1001-2427,CN22-1099/P,32(4),2013,p.160-163,4illus.,2refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20140692 Duo Tianhui(No.402 Geological Team,Exploration of Geology and Mineral Resources of Sichuan Authority,Chengdu611730,China);Wang Yongli Computer Simulation of Neptunium Existing Forms in the Groundwater(Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,ISSN1001-1749,CN51-1242/P,35(3),