碱处理对河北围场天然沸石结构和性能的影响及其机理研究

采用NaOH对围场地区天然沸石进行处理,采用X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、N_2吸附-脱附技术、扫描电子显微镜等对材料进行表征分析,采用水蒸气吸附法评价材料的亲水性,采用Cr~(3+)和Mn~(2+)评价材料的离子交换性能,探讨了碱处理对天然沸石的结构、亲水性和离子交换性能的影响及其机理。实验结果表明,围场地区天然沸石中主要含有斜发沸石、石英和伊利石;碱处理可降低天然沸石的硅铝比,且沸石的硅铝比随着碱处理浓度的提高而不断降低;碱处理对斜发沸石结构的影响较石英和伊利石更大;高浓度碱处理导致天然沸石的结构发生破坏,比表面积降低,孔体积提高;伴随着天然沸石硅铝比的降低,其亲水性和离子交换性能不断提高。     

天然沸石负载二氧化钛光催化剂的制备与性能研究

以钛酸丁酯为钛源，天然沸石为载体，用溶胶．凝胶法制备了天然沸石负载TiO2光催化剂，用紫外可见吸收光谱、比表面积、红外光谱和X射线衍射等分析技术对沸石负载TiO2光催化剂进行了表征，以甲基橙为目标降解染料，考察了TiO2负载量、催化剂用量、热处理温度等不同条件下催化剂的光催化活性，结果表明，用天然沸石为载体所制得的TiO2光催化剂对于甲基橙具有较好的光催化降解效果。     

酸改性红辉沸石特征研究

采用物理比表面积、扫描电镜、红外光谱、X射线衍射、差热等方法来表征酸改性后的红辉沸石矿石特征,获得通过酸改性后红辉沸石比表面积、孔容和原矿中的杂质都会发生变化,从而可提高红辉沸石的吸附和交换性能,达到改性红辉沸石处理污染物的能力。     

13X沸石分子筛的比表面积和孔分布

对利用钾长石粉水热合成的13X沸石分子筛分别进行了比表面积和孔分布测定。结果表明:13X沸石分子筛比表面积约为621.50~747.40 m²/g,总孔体积约为0.344 70~0.393 70 cm³/g;具有高比例且孔径小于2.50 nm的微孔,中-小型实验样品(SXZ-10g和SXZ-1kg)的微孔体积比例相近,为81.33%~84.70%,而扩大实验样品(SXZ-10kg)的微孔体积比例为67.90%~67.98%。13X沸石分子筛微孔的含量是决定13X沸石分子筛具有高比表面积和高效吸附性能的前提。     

利用低品位菱锰矿矿石热处理制备纳米材料

通过热处理低品位菱锰矿矿石制备高活性纳米材料,并探究其催化去除NO_x、吸附重金属性能.利用X射线荧光光谱仪、透射电子显微镜等研究菱锰矿矿石组成;利用X射线粉末衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、比表面积分析仪、烟气分析仪、原子吸收分光光度计等研究菱锰矿矿石空气中热处理后结构变化及其NH₃-SCR脱硝、重金属吸附效果.菱锰矿矿石主要组分为菱锰矿,含有少量黄铁矿、石英、白云石及硫酸盐.在空气中550℃煅烧1 h后,菱锰矿分解完全,产物以黑锰矿为主晶相,同时含有其他低结晶态锰氧化物;样品表面出现大量3~7 nm气孔,比表面积达到最大（31.5 m2/g）.脱硝实验显示R550在170℃时脱硝效率可达到90%;吸附实验表明R550对Cd2+、Pb2+、Cu2+均有较好的吸附作用,表明低品位菱锰矿矿石在空气中550℃煅烧可获得高比表面积、高活性的纳米结构化材料,在环境污染物去除方面有潜在的利用价值.      

微束微区X荧光矿物探针分析仪的研制

一种新的矿物微区成分分析技术与矿物探针分析仪主要针对显晶或隐晶矿物的成分分析。该分析仪是以能量色散X射线荧光分析原理为物理基础,采用X光管和X聚焦透镜组成微束X射线激发源、以电致冷Si-PIN半导体探测器为X射线探测器和数字X射线谱采集器组成能量色散射线X荧光分析系统;采用40倍光学放大和CCD相机相合实现微区的显微放大,通过程控三轴微控台实现微区的定位。该探针分析仪能够实现对样品表面Φ35μm范围内多元素定性与定量分析,快速鉴定矿石的物质成分,精确度好于10%(RSD)。测定对象可以是天然岩石、矿石及其光片、薄片样品等;可应用于野外条件下的现场和驻地的岩矿石矿物的微区快速成分分析。     

天然沸石矿矿石不同物化性能间的相关性研究

以牡丹江东部的穆棱沸石矿床为例,探讨了天然沸石矿矿石不同物化性能间的相关规律.研究表明,天然沸石矿矿石的K 交换容量、热失重值、吸湿率、气体吸附容量等与NH 4交换容量、矿石的耐酸性及热稳定性之间,均具有较明显的正相关性;矿石的耐酸性、热稳定性与NH 4交换容量之间的相关性不明显;而矿石的比表面积与比辐射率之间却有较明显的负相关性.天然沸石矿矿石不同物化性能之间的负相关性称为"不同物化性能之间的制约性",这种"此优彼劣"性能的研究,对天然沸石矿的综合利用和最佳利用具有重要的指导意义.     

改性红辉沸石的制备及去除水中CODcr的性能研究

天然红辉沸石经过氯化铝及氯化镁共同改性后,制备出改性红辉沸石。研究了改性红辉沸石和天然红辉沸石对生活污水中CODcr的吸附效果,表明改性红辉沸石的吸附效果明显优于红辉沸石,并通过X射线粉末衍射、热重分析、红外光谱对改性红辉沸石表面结构进行了表征。     

山东昌乐蓝宝石砂矿中磁铁矿的宝石矿物学特征研究

采用常规宝石学鉴定方法、反光显微镜、X射线粉末衍射仪（XRD）、电子探针X射线显微分析仪（EPMA）、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）等测试方法,对山东昌乐蓝宝石砂矿中的一种副矿物样品进行了常规的宝石学、矿物学、谱学特征研究。肉眼观察,这种副矿物样品呈黑色、不透明,具有强磁性,摩氏硬度大于小刀。在反光显微镜下,该样品为钢灰色,呈现不透明的四边形颗粒状。X射线粉末衍射及电子探针成分分析的结果表明,该副矿物样品为富含Ti的磁铁矿,其晶体结构中类质同象替代广泛,但未见对人体有害的微量元素。该样品的红外光谱与磁铁矿的标准红外光谱基本一致。     

斜发沸石和丝光沸石的吸水性能

用离子交换、酸和碱处理斜发沸石来提高它的吸水能力没有取得明显效果。测得的斜发沸石、丝光沸石吸附水的等温线具有非线性特征,但25℃的等温线在水蒸气分压高于2400Pa 时,斜发沸石、丝光沸石和有粘合剂的合成分子筛的吸水量随着分压的升高而增加。这是由于样品中含有粘土矿物产生水蒸气的毛细凝聚作用而引起的。根据沸石的吸附热和水的蒸发热,用沸石作为吸附剂和水作为工质能建立一个高效的沸石太阳能利用体系。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of     

OCEANOGRAPHY & MARINE GEOLOGY

正20140582 Fang Xisheng(Key Lab.of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology,First Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration,Qingdao 266061,China);Shi Xuefa Mineralogy of Surface Sediment in the Eastern Area off the Ryukyu Islands and Its Geological Significance(Marine Geology Quaternary Geology,ISSN0256-1492,CN37     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141810 Bian Yumei(Geological Environmental Monitoring Center of Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110032,China);Zhang Jing Zoning Haicheng,Liaoning Province,by GeoHazard Risk and Geo-Hazard Assessment(Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,ISSN1006-4362,CN51-1467/P,24(3),2013,p.5-9,2 illus.,tables,refs.)