冀北承德盆地髫髻山组火山岩的时代

随着近年来的研究进展,代表燕山期大规模火山喷发的髫髻山期(蓝旗期)火山岩的年代学数据得到迅速积累。本文在结合前人对燕山地区髫髻山期(蓝旗期)火山岩 U-Pb 同位素定年工作的基础上,对取自冀北承德盆地兴隆山附近髫髻山组火山岩顶、底样品的锆石进行 U-Pb LA-ICP-MS 定年,试图进一步限定该地区髫髻山期火山岩起始和结束的时代。承德盆地髫髻山组火山岩定年结果表明,其顶部晶屑凝灰岩时代为153±1Ma(2σ),底部粗安岩时代为156±3Ma(2σ)。两者时代在误差范围内一致,说明该地区髫髻山组火山岩喷发是在短时期内完成的。燕山地区髫髻山期(蓝旗期)火山岩时代综合对比分析结果表明髫髻山组(蓝旗组)火山岩初步限定的底部年龄和顶部年龄分别为158±1Ma、153±1Ma。其形成时代在晚侏罗世。土城子组(后城组)与髫髻山组(蓝旗组)火山岩的界线年龄为153±1Ma,这是第一次获得我国中生代陆相地层界线年龄。土城子组顶部的时限确定在134±2～136±2Ma 之间。其沉积时代为晚侏罗世至早白垩世。而髫髻山组火山岩之下的九龙山组的时代可能亦为晚侏罗世。区域张家口组的底部时代限定在134±2Ma。     

北京十三陵——西山髫髻山组火山岩年龄及其地质意义

北京西北部地区分布着大量的火山岩,对北京西山大台和十三陵地区的髫髻山组火山岩分别进行了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb和LA-ICP-MS定年,并对十三陵地区的髫髻山组火山岩进行了地球化学研究。结果表明,十三陵地区的髫髻山组火山岩地球化学特征和北京西山髫髻山组火山岩具有相似性。火山岩地球化学特征表现为高Al_2O_3、Ca O、Na_2O,低Ti O_2和Mg O,在TAS图中落入粗安岩和英安岩区域,REE分馏明显,LREE富集,HREE亏损,Eu异常不明显,富集大离子亲石元素K、Sr、Ba,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti,高的Sr/Y比值,同时Yb和Y的含量较低。在大台地区,分别获得了髫髻山组火山岩底部角砾岩和中部安山岩的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为152.1±1.9Ma、149±2Ma,侵入到髫髻山组下覆九龙山组地层中一闪长岩岩床年龄为149±3.2Ma;在十三陵地区,分别获得了髫髻山组底部凝灰岩、中部火山角砾岩和上部安山岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为157.2±1.2Ma、155.2±1.7Ma、153.1±2.2Ma。结合前人研究,十三陵地区髫髻山组火山时代为157~153Ma,大台地区髫髻山组火山活动时间为152~137Ma,十三陵地区的火山活动时间要稍早于北京西山大台地区。大台地区和十三陵地区地球化学、地质年代学及区域地质特征表明,北京西山和十三陵地区喷发时间的差异是由于燕山运动所形成不整合面的穿时性导致的,位于髫髻山组之下的不整合是一个主不整合面。     

冀北滦平地区中生代火山岩地层锆石U-Pb测年及启示

在冀北—辽西地区, 冀北的滦平地区是中生代地层最为齐全, 也是唯一的晚中生代沉积作用基本连续的地区.许多研究者认为该地区的土城子组与张家口之间存在着J₃—K₁界线和中生代的构造转换界面.该地区分布的主要中生代地层自下而上依次为髫髻山组、土城子组、张家口组、大北沟组、大店子组和西瓜园组.通过LAICPMS方法的锆石UPb测年, 获得了该地区中生代火山岩地层的年代格架, 即髫髻山组的顶界年龄为(162.8±3.2)Ma, 土城子组形成的主体年代范围是(142.6±1.3)~(136.4±1.9)Ma, 张家口组形成的年代范围是(135.7±1.8)~(135.2±2.3)Ma, 大店子组顶部安山岩的年龄是(131.4±3.7)~(130.2±3.0)Ma.锆石的稀土元素分析表明: 土城子组中锆石的稀土元素特征与张家口组中锆石的特征一致, 而与髫髻山组中的锆石有较大的区别.综合以上分析数据及野外地质特征可以得出以下结论: (1)该地区的土城子组与髫髻山组之间不仅时间间隔较长, 而且二者中火山岩的源区也有较大的区别; 土城子组与张家口组之间不仅时间上基本连续, 而且二者中火山岩的源区也有明显的一致性.这就表明了滦平地区的土城子组与张家口组是同一地质背景下的产物, 即该地区二者之间应不存在J₃—K₁界面和构造转换界面.(2)滦平地区大店子组顶部火山岩在年代上与辽西北票—义县地区的义县组底部、辽西凌源地区的张家口组顶部基本相当.      

太行神仙山髫髻山组火山岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

太行山中北段发育大量燕山期中-酸性火山岩,其中位于太行山北段的涞源县神仙山地区的断陷盆地正是其中—期构造-岩浆活动形成的逆冲推覆残片.本文报道了研究区内广泛出露的髫髻山组安山质角砾凝灰岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为131±2 Ma.该年龄对太行山地区的髫髻山组火山岩进行了时限上的厘定并限定了太行山北段北西向拉张断裂构造系统的发育时间.本研究为太行山中生代岩浆活动研究提供了新的依据.     

太行山北段木吉村髫髻山组安山岩锆石U Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征及其对区域成岩成矿规律的指示

太行山北段是中国东部中生代重要的成矿区带,髫髻山组火山岩记录了该地区中生代大规模成岩成矿事件发生的时代和有关岩浆作用源区的信息。髫髻山组安山岩中锆石大多具有明显的核幔结构,LA-MCICP-MS测试得出,锆石幔部年龄为144~145Ma左右,核部年龄为2.08~2.65Ga。两组锆石年龄中,前者代表了髫髻山组火山岩的形成时代,两件样品加权平均年龄分别为145.28±0.44Ma和144.61±0.76Ma;后者年龄与华北克拉通在前寒武纪增生变质等演化时代一致,揭示出火山岩形成过程中华北克拉通古老地壳的参与。对应两组年龄,锆石Hf同位素特征也明显的分为两组,中生代εHf_(l)值集中于-25~-10之间,表现为壳幔混合源区特征;新太古代—古元古代εHf_(1)值集中于0~10之间,表现为地壳增生的特征,与华北克拉通前寒武纪的演化时代相一致。结合已有岩石地球化学研究,髫髻山组火山岩的形成源于富集地幔部分熔融,在岩浆上侵过程中同化混染(或混合)了华北克拉通的古老地壳,在经历了分离结晶作用后侵位产出。髫髻山组火山岩是晚中生代华北克拉通构造背景转换的代表,在其形成后发育有大量与之相关的斑岩型铜钼矿床,通过总结对比中生代中国东部成岩成矿规律,我们推测太行山地区在中生代可能形成有两期重要的成矿事件,一期以斑岩型铜—钼矿床的形成为特征,另一期由金矿床的产出为代表。     

内蒙古宁城盆地东南缘含道虎沟生物群岩石地层序列特征及时代归属

宁城盆地东南缘晚中生代岩石地层序列完整、连续，但该岩石地层序列及其所含生物群的地质年代归属问题还存在争议。含道虎沟生物群岩石地层剖面的发现和实测表明，研究区晚中生代地层序列从下至上由中侏罗世九龙山组—髫髻山组、晚侏罗世土城子组和早白垩世义县组组成。九龙山组—髫髻山组下部以沉积岩系为主，产道虎沟生物群，上部为中、基性火山岩，SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为152Ma和164～165Ma。九龙山组—髫髻山组地层序列既为土城子组平行不整合覆盖，而且二者又同时被早白垩世义县组角度不整合覆盖。含道虎沟生物群的晚中生代岩石地层的地质年代早于热河生物群，为中侏罗世的产物，现暂将其统并为九龙山组—髫髻山组。     

辽西髫髻山组的形成时代及地球化学特征

正髫髻山组在辽西—冀北地区广泛分布,在辽西地区,主要分布在金岭寺—羊山盆地、北票盆地、凌源地区等。在辽西—冀北地区,髫髻山组与之上的土城子组常同时出露,两者的接触关系是平行不整合;底部整合压盖于海房沟组复成分砾岩之上。髫髻山组火山岩测年数据较多,但是测年数据差异较大,导致对髫髻山组的形成时代、背景等方面的认识不同。因此,本文对辽西朝阳地区的髫髻山组火山岩进行了锆石U-Pb测试及地球化学研究。     

冀西北地区中侏罗世玄武岩的首次发现及其地质意义

笔者等在张家口市宣化区—涿鹿县一带中—上侏罗统髫髻山组底部首次发现玄武岩组合,其时代归属、地球化学性质及地质意义需要开展研究。本文对玄武岩开展地质学、岩石学、地球化学和同位素年代学研究。玄武岩SiO2含量为39. 49%～49. 74%,Mg#为28～65,里特曼指数σ主要为2. 61～33. 12。玄武岩获得LA- ICP- MS锆石U- Pb年龄为164. 3±2. 6 Ma,时代为中侏罗世,代表髫髻山组底界年龄。玄武岩属于碱性玄武岩系列,与上覆粗面岩构成双峰式火山岩组合,表明髫髻山组早期火山岩形成于大陆板内拉张环境。该套玄武岩是髫髻山组中性火山岩的玄武质岩浆底侵作用的地质学、岩石学和大地构造学证据。     

赤峰地区中生代火山岩锆石U-Pb年代学证据

赤峰地区中生代火山岩由流纹岩、粗安质熔结凝灰岩、粗安岩组成。通过LA-ICP-MS技术对赤峰地区中生代火山岩进行锆石U-Pb同位素定年研究,该区中生代火山岩中的锆石呈半自形—自形晶,发育振荡环带,Th/U值较高(0.50～2.26),为岩浆成因。满克头鄂博组火山岩2个样品的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为(156±2)Ma(n=24)和(157±3)Ma(n=19),形成于晚侏罗世;玛尼吐组火山岩样品中的锆石U-Pb年龄为(147±2)Ma(n=18),形成时代属于晚侏罗世;白音高老组火山岩2个样品的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为(132±1)Ma(n=23)和(138±3)Ma(n=18),形成时代属于早白垩世。赤峰地区中生代火山岩应形成于太平洋板块向欧亚大陆板块俯冲后的伸展环境中。     

江西南部版石盆地火山岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

应用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年方法,对江西南部三南-寻乌火山岩带版石盆地原鸡笼嶂组凝灰岩和原版石组流纹岩开展年代学研究.结果表明,凝灰岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为(142.5±1.3)Ma,流纹岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为(131.4±1.3)Ma.根据新的国际地层表,晚侏罗世与早白垩世的界线划在(145.5±4.0)Ma,版石盆地原鸡笼嶂组和原版石组均形成于早白垩世早期.版石盆地火山岩系属同一个火山旋回的产物,且岩石组合与江西北部峡江-广丰火山岩带武夷群一致,其中原鸡笼嶂组可归入鹅湖岭组,原版石组可归入石溪组.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Inter-regional correlation of transgressions and regressions in the Cretaceous period

Well investigated platforms have been selected in each continent, and the history of Cretaceous transgressions and regressions there is concisely reviewed from the available evidence. The factual records have been summarized into a diagram and the timing of the events correlated between distant as well as adjoining areas.On a global scale, major transgressions were stepwise enlarged in space and time from the Neocomian, via Aptian-Albian, to the Late Cretaceous, and the post-Cretaceous regression was very remarkable. Minor cycles of transgression-regression were not always synchronous between different areas. Some of them were, however, nearly synchronous between the areas facing the same ocean.Tectono-eustasy may have been the main cause of the phenomena of transgression-regression, but certain kinds of other tectonic movements which affected even the so-called stable platforms were also responsible for the phenomena. The combined effects of various causes may have been unusual in the Cretaceous, since it was a period of global tectonic activity. The slowing down of this activity followed by readjustments may have been the cause of the global regression at the end of the Cretaceous.     

The lamprophyres of Afyon stratovolcano,western Anatolia,Turkey: description and genesis

The Afyon stratovolcano exhibits lamprophyric rocks, emplaced as hydrovolcanic products, aphanitic lava flows and dyke intrusions, during the final stages of volcanic activity. Most of the Afyon volcanics belong to the silica-saturated alkaline suite, as potassic trachyandesites and trachytes, while the products of the latest activity are lamproitic lamprophyres (jumillite, orendite, verite, fitztroyite) and alkaline lamprophyres (campto-sannaite, sannaite, hyalo-monchiquite, analcime–monchiquite). Afyon lamprophyres exhibit LILE and Zr enrichments, related to mantle metasomatism.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20140876 Gao Junbo(College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China);Yang Ruidong Study on the Strontium Isotopic Composition of Large Devonian Barite Deposits from Zhenning,Guizhou Province(Geochimica,     

METALS DEPOSITS

正20141470 Chai Lu(Shenyang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,CGS,Shenyang110034,China);Zhu Qun Distribution of Significant Metal Mineral Resources the in Adjacent Areas of China,Russia and Mongolia(Geology and Resources,ISSN1671-1947,CN21-1458/P,22(5),2013,p.397-402,2 illus.,3 tables,20 refs.)Key words:metal ores,China,Russia,Mongolia     

GEOPHYSICS

正20141944Bao Hanyong(Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Jianghan Oilfield,SINOPEC,Wuhan 430223,China);Guo Zhanfeng Tectonic-Thermal Evolution of the Subei Basin since the Late Cretaceous(Geological Journal of China Universities,ISSN1006-7493,CN32-1440/P,19(4),     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20140692 Duo Tianhui(No.402 Geological Team,Exploration of Geology and Mineral Resources of Sichuan Authority,Chengdu611730,China);Wang Yongli Computer Simulation of Neptunium Existing Forms in the Groundwater(Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,ISSN1001-1749,CN51-1242/P,35(3),     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20142512Chen Xiaoan(Jiangxi Provincial Research Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Nanchang 330029,China);Yang Jie Distribution Characteristics and Causes of Collapse Erosion(Journal of Mountain Research,ISSN1008-2786,CN51-1516/P,31(6),2013,p.716-722,2illus.,7tables,14refs.)     

SEISMIC GEOLOGY

正20140644Cao Ying(Earthquake Administration of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650224,China);Wu Xiaoping Research on Structural Stress Field Basing on Focal Mechanism Solutions Data in Sichuan-Yunan Area(Journal of Seismological Research,ISSN1000-0666,CN53-1062/P,36(2),2013,p.165-172,6illus.,2tables,16refs.)