用于实验室间比对的铀矿地质样品制备及铀含量均匀性检验

为进行核地质分析实验室间比对,采集了南方硬岩和北方砂岩铀矿石样本,按照标准物质制备方法制备了2种铀矿地质样品(编号分别为Albriug-09、Albriug-10),其粒度为小于60μm,铀含量分别为497mg·kg~(-1)和935mg·kg~(-1)。对用于样品均匀性检验的时间分辨紫外脉冲光诱导荧光分析法(TRLIF)进行了分析性能有效性评价。TRLIF测定铀的检出限为0.09mg·kg~(-1),测定范围为0.27~1250mg·kg~(-1);当铀含量范围在4.6~514mg·kg~(-1)之间时,其精密度(RSD%)在9.6%~3.43%之间;当铀含量范围在1.7~514mg·kg~(-1)之间时,其正确度(RE%)在±16.3%~±0.2%之间。应用TRLIF对制备的样品进行了铀含量均匀性测试并采用单因子方差分析法进行了统计检验,其统计量F分别为0.61和0.76,均小于临界值F0.05(9,10)(3.02),表明制备的样品均匀性好,符合实验室间比对测定要求。     

长江源区布曲流域土壤有机碳分布特征及其影响因素北大核心CSCD

基于长江源区布曲流域23个采样点的138个土壤样品,分析了土壤有机碳的分布特征,并探讨1 m以内土壤有机碳含量的影响因素。结果表明,长江源区布曲流域0~10 cm、10~20 cm、20~30 cm、30~40 cm、40~50 cm和50~100 cm的6层土壤有机碳含量的平均值±标准差分别为(10.23±4.84) g·kg^(-1)、(10.18±5.19)g·kg^(-1)、(9.34±5.20)g·kg^(-1)、(9.04±4.41)g·kg^(-1)、(8.01±4.74)g·kg^(-1)、(9.40±4.67)g·kg^(-1),其随土壤深度增加而降低(R^(2)=0.511)。研究区土壤有机碳含量与海拔并非线性相关(P>0.05),而是在4 700~5 100 m的海拔范围内,随海拔的升高而增加,然后在5 000~5 100 m海拔处达到最大值后降低。土壤有机碳含量与pH值呈现极显著的负相关(P<0.01),与碳氮比呈现极显著的正相关(P<0.01),与体积含水量呈现显著的正相关关系(P<0.05),而与年均气温、年均降水量、全氮、全磷、全钾、无机碳含量、阳离子交换量、容重和黏粒含量的相关性不显著(P>0.05),表明长江源区布曲流域1 m以内土壤有机碳含量的主要相关因素是土壤的pH值、碳氮比和体积含水量。研究结果可以为长江源区布曲流域土壤碳循环的研究提供基础数据和科学依据。     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱-冷原子荧光方法测定土壤中甲基汞

建立了在线吹扫捕集-气相色谱-冷原子荧光方法测定土壤中甲基汞的方法。土壤样品经过溴酸钾/硫酸铜溶液提取后,使用二氯甲烷/水萃取与反萃取前处理方法,克服了土壤复杂基质的影响。使用四乙基硼化钠衍生试剂,将甲基汞转化为甲基乙基汞,在线吹扫捕集进行富集并进一步消除集体干扰。经条件优化,萃取时间为2h,反萃取的时间和温度分别为4h和65℃。方法准确、可靠,具有很高的灵敏度。土壤样品检出限可达0.8×10-9。标准样品测定回收率为97.6%~109%。     

甲基异丁基酮负载泡塑富集—原子吸收测定岩矿中痕量金银铊镉

研究了多种负载泡塑对Au、Ag、Ti、Cd的富集行为。提出了在HCI-KI-抗坏血酸介质中用甲基异丁基酮(MIBK)负载泡塑同时萃取,然后用2％硫脲-1％HCl解脱的富集方法,并采用火焰原子吸收连续测定地质样品中痕量Au、Ag、Tl和Cd,方法的测定下限(μg/g)分别为:0.2g、0.05、0.20和0.04。     

石墨炉原吸收光谱法测定化探样品中超痕量铂钯

研究了苯基硫脲—正辛醇体系萃取石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定化探样品中超痕量铂钯的方法。确定了仪器的最佳条件,并从介质酸度、萃取时间和体积、苯基硫脲的浓度、萃取剂体积和干扰情况等方面进行了详细的考察。样品经王水溶解,液相萃取,以有机相进样测定。铂、钯检出限分别为0.5×10~(-9)和0.1×10~(-9)。对含铂14.7×10~(-9)和钯15.2×10~(-9)的矿样重复取样溶矿测定8次,其相对标准偏差分别为6.0%和4.7%,测试质量较好。     

索氏提取-液相色谱法测定土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯类物质

采用索氏提取-固相萃取柱净化分离、高效液相色谱测定土壤中6种邻苯二甲酸酯类物质。利用正交试验对影响加标回收率的3个主要因素(萃取溶剂比例、萃取时间和萃取温度)进行了优化。方法回收率为95.3%～108.0%,相对标准偏差为0.83%～3.53%。并对实际土壤样品进行了测定。     

负离子热表面电离质谱法测量铼的化学分离方法研究

Re-Os同位素定年中,丙酮萃取法分离Re比传统的阴离子交换法流程简单快速.用本实验室原有丙酮萃取流程纯化的Re溶液可用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定,但由于盐量较高(＞1 mg/mL)不能直接用于负离子热表面电离质谱(N-TIMS)测定.本文对Re-Os同位素定年方法中原有丙酮萃取分离Re的流程进行改进,将丙酮萃取和碱洗时的氢氧化钠浓度由5 mol/L提高到10 mol/L,有效降低了萃取后的Re溶液中的盐量,由此分离纯化的Re溶液经硝酸和过氧化氢处理,可直接点带用于N-TIMS测定.与阴离子交换分离Re方法相比,改进的丙酮萃取方法操作简单,缩减实验时间,同时有效降低全流程空白至3 ～7 pg,并且1 ng的Re测量信号可达到100 mV以上.经国家一级标准物质(GBW 04436)和实验室铜镍硫化物监控样品(JCBY)验证,利用改进的方法纯化,Re的测定值分别为(17.17±0.50)μg/g和(38.34±0.44) ng/g,与推荐值(17.39±0.32) μg/g和(38.61 ±0.86) ng/g在不确定度范围内完全吻合.目前改进的丙酮萃取方法已经应用于实际样品分析,并取得了长期稳定的良好效果.     

青藏高原北部巴颜喀拉山群火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

应用激光烧蚀多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS)方法,对青藏高原北部卡巴纽尔多地区巴颜喀拉山群碎屑岩系中酸性火山岩夹层岩样进行了锆石U-Pb年龄测定。结果表明,安山质凝灰熔岩(样品B4989-6)年龄加权平均值为(208.1±0.8)Ma,英安岩(样品B4989-3、B4983-1)年龄加权平均值分别为(206.1±1.2)Ma、(208.2±1.3)Ma,石英粗安岩(样品B4978-1)年龄加权平均值为(207.5±1.1)Ma,流纹岩(样品B4965-1)年龄加权平均值为(203.8±1.9)Ma,英安岩(样品B4959-2)年龄加权平均值为(205.1±1.8)Ma,说明该地区巴颜喀拉山群形成于晚三叠世晚期(瑞替期),而非前人认为的早-中三叠世。该套火山(碎屑)岩的测年结果为巴颜喀拉山群三叠纪复理石岩石地层单元的划分和对比提供了新证据。     

快速溶剂萃取(S-916)/GC-MS法测定土壤中15种多环芳烃

本文建立了S-916快速溶剂萃取仪(Buchi瑞士)快速萃取-气相色谱-质谱仪(GC-MS)联用测定土壤中15种多环芳烃(PAHs)含量的方法。土壤样品经正己烷、丙酮快速溶剂萃取,除水浓缩后,利用硅酸镁小柱进行净化,直接进GC-MS测定。结果表明,在5.01000.0μg/L浓度范围内,15种PAHs的相关系数均在0.996以上,RF RSD<12%,加标回收率在80%117%之间,15种PAHs的最低检出限均低于0.40μg·kg^-1.该方法灵敏、快速、准确可靠,完全满足实验室对土壤中PAHs的检测要求,可为土壤中多环芳烃(PAHs)的污染情况提供快速检测依据。     

盐酸提取条件下土壤重金属元素的释放特征

采用河南省黄淮海平原典型农田土壤样品,开展了不同浓度盐酸(1,0.1,0.001,0.000 01 mol/L)和振荡时间(2,24,48,96 h)的土壤重金属元素提取实验,分析了盐酸浓度和振荡时间等对土壤重金属元素释放的影响,探讨了不同提取条件下土壤重金属元素的释放效果及其影响因素。研究表明:土壤Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn和Pb采用1 mol/L盐酸振荡48 h时萃取率显著高于其他处理,其中Pb的萃取率最高,土壤As采用1 mol/L盐酸振荡2 h时萃取率最高,碱性土壤Cd采用0.1 mol/L盐酸振荡2 h时萃取率最高。在此基础上,根据1 mol/L盐酸振荡2 h的提取结果,采用统计分析方法分析了土壤重金属元素全量、理化性质以及土壤类型对土壤重金属元素释放的影响,结果表明:土壤Cr全量越高,Cr萃取率越高;土壤干密度越大,Pb萃取率越高;土壤pH值越低,土壤Ni萃取率越高,而土壤Pb正好相反;土壤有机质对重金属元素萃取率无统计上的显著影响;Cu、As、Pb在碱性土壤(黄河流域)萃取率相对较高,而Cr、Ni、Zn在酸性土壤(淮河流域)萃取率相对较高;土壤类型对重金属元素释放的影响表现为砂姜黑土Cr,水稻土Cu、Ni、Zn,潮土As、Pb的萃取率相对较高。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of     

OCEANOGRAPHY & MARINE GEOLOGY

正20140582 Fang Xisheng(Key Lab.of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology,First Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration,Qingdao 266061,China);Shi Xuefa Mineralogy of Surface Sediment in the Eastern Area off the Ryukyu Islands and Its Geological Significance(Marine Geology Quaternary Geology,ISSN0256-1492,CN37     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141810 Bian Yumei(Geological Environmental Monitoring Center of Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110032,China);Zhang Jing Zoning Haicheng,Liaoning Province,by GeoHazard Risk and Geo-Hazard Assessment(Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,ISSN1006-4362,CN51-1467/P,24(3),2013,p.5-9,2 illus.,tables,refs.)