胶东金矿集中区金矿成矿年代学研究

对不同研究者采用蚀变矿物Rb Sr、K Ar和Ar Ar法 ,流体包裹体Rb Sr等时线法 ,石英Ar Ar法和矿石矿物 (黄铁矿 )Rb Sr等时线法等多种同位素定年方法获得的胶东金矿集中区金矿成矿年龄数据进行了方法适用性研究和应用选择 ,筛选后的成矿年龄集中于 15 3 8～ 80 6Ma。综合考虑与金矿床有密切时空关系的花岗岩类侵入体及脉岩的K Ar、Ar Ar及U Pb (SHRIMP)年龄 ,确认胶东金矿集中区金矿主成矿期年龄为 (115± 10 )Ma ,金 银 多金属矿成矿期年龄为 (85± 5 )Ma ,分别为中生代早白垩世晚期 (K21)和晚白垩世早期 (K12 )。     

江西大吉山钨矿成矿年代学研究

大吉山钨矿床是一个大型的石英脉型钨矿床。矿床在空间上与燕山早期复式花岗岩相伴。利用云母单矿物的K Ar同位素年龄测试方法,测定了矿床有关的花岗岩及矿脉的同位素年龄。结果表明,黑云母花岗岩中黑云母K Ar年龄为(160 3±3 03)Ma和(164 2±3 5)Ma,二云母花岗岩中白云母K Ar年龄为(160 6±2 8)Ma,含钨石英脉中白云母K Ar年龄为(152 6±2 35)Ma和(158 1±2 8)Ma。钨成矿与花岗岩的成岩基本不存在时差,推测含钨石英脉的形成可能与岩浆分异出的富含矿化剂和成矿元素的流体有关。     

应用蚀变矿物测定胶东金矿的成矿年龄

本文应用热液蚀变富钾、铷微细矿物测定胶东金矿的成矿年龄获得了满意的结果。从蚀变围岩和金矿石中分选出粒径<200目、纯度>95％非变质成因的单一水白云母,用Rb—Sr等时线法和Ar同位素稀释法测得其年龄值彼此一致,与野外地质观察结果相符,表明玲珑西山石英脉型金矿形成于115.0±3.7Ma,灵山沟金矿115±5Ma;焦家金矿有105±7Ma和88.1±0.1Ma两期重要矿化。胶东金矿的主要成矿期为燕山期,金的成矿与花岗岩的成岩密切相关。马家窑式金矿(成矿年龄135.1±5.2Ma)并非为元古代形成的变质侧分泌矿床;对产于牟平——乳山一带胶东群变质岩中金矿床的前景应予以重新认识。     

大渡河金矿田喜马拉雅期成矿的^40Ar／^39Ar年龄依据及其意义

大渡河金矿田是扬子地台西南缘一个重要的金成矿集中区.对其中自金台子和三雕两个金矿床含金石英脉的石英进行了40Ar/39Ar快中子活化法同位素年龄测试,获得坪年龄分别为25.4土0.2 Ma和24.7±0.3Ma,相应的等时线年龄分别为24.1±0.1 Ma和22.9士0.1 Ma,反等时线年龄分别为23.8士0.1 Ma和23.0±0.1Ma.这些年龄数据不仅有力地证明了大渡河金矿形成于喜马拉雅构造期,也为更好地认识扬子地台西南缘金矿形成的地质构造背景、矿床成因及成矿规律,进而指导区域找矿提供了依据.     

胶东地区破碎带蚀变岩型金矿时代的测定及其地质意义

通过对胶东半岛西北部超大型破碎带蚀变岩型金矿 -新城金矿的强烈热液交代成因黄铁绢英岩 Rb- Sr等时线法测年 ,获得 116 .6± 5 .3Ma成矿年龄。结合本区焦家、仓上等大型 -超大型金矿蚀变矿物、石英流体包裹体的 Rb- Sr等时线年龄、K- Ar年龄 (10 5± 7Ma;10 6± 2 Ma;113.5± 0 .6 Ma)等前人成果 ,确定胶东半岛西北部破碎带蚀变岩型金矿成矿时代主要集中在 10 0～ 117Ma。与围岩花岗岩、花岗闪长岩的成岩年龄 (16 0～ 15 0 Ma;130～ 12 6 Ma)存在着近 10 Ma的时差 ,并根据(87Sr/ 86 Sr) i比值以及已有的 C、H、O稳定同位素资料表明 ,即使成矿物质部分来源于围岩花岗岩类 ,但成矿作用与岩浆活动无明显的成因关系 ,而是深部循环的大气降水或幔源 C- H - O流体参与成矿作用的结果     

赣南天门山-红桃岭钨锡矿田成岩成矿时代精细测定及其地质意义

素有“世界钨都”美誉的赣南产有密集的与花岗岩类侵入体密切相关的钨锡多金属矿床,然而,目前对钨锡成矿和花岗岩成岩年龄还缺乏很好的约束。本文以天门山-红桃岭钨锡矿田为对象,在详细的矿田地质调查和典型矿床解剖基础之上,采用高精度测年技术开展了成岩成矿年代学研究。利用锆石SHRIMPU-Pb法,分别获得天门山似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩体和红桃岭黑云母花岗岩体成岩年龄分别为151.8±2.9Ma(n=14,MSWD=1.3)和151.4±3.1Ma(n=11,MSWD=0.34);利用辉钼矿Re-Os等时线法,分别获得牛岭内带石英脉型和樟斗外带石英脉型钨矿成矿年龄分别为154.9±4.1~154.6±9.7Ma和149.1±7.1Ma(n=6,MSWD=1.3)。可见,本区钨矿床成矿和与之有密切成因关系的花岗岩成岩年龄限定在晚侏罗世,对应于区域华南中生代第二次大规模成矿作用,钨成矿与花岗岩成岩基本不存在时差。     

阿尔金山早古生代岩浆活动与金成矿作用

文章通过同位素稀释热电离质谱(ID_TIMS)锆石U_Pb法、Rb_Sr等时线法和钾长石40Ar/39Ar测年与MDD模拟得到的数据,分析了阿尔金山北缘地区花岗岩浆活动的主要时期、与阿尔金北缘大平沟金矿有关的花岗岩形成年龄、大平沟金矿可能的成矿时代以及剥露作用时代等问题,探讨了早古生代岩浆活动与金成矿作用之间的关系以及金矿床的剥露历史。Rb_Sr等时线法给出大平沟金矿石英流体包裹体等时线年龄为(487±21)Ma,与阿尔金山早古生代岩浆活动的时代一致,代表了大平沟金矿床的成矿年龄。大平沟金矿的剥露作用发生在早侏罗世拉配泉断裂伸展作用时期。     

黑龙江省徐家村金矿床石英流体包裹体Rb-Sr等时线年龄

徐家村金矿床位于佳木斯地块西南部,矿体赋存于晚二叠世二长花岗岩中.通过对含金石英脉石英中的流体包裹体进行Rb-Sr同位素年龄及H、O同位素测定,获取成矿年龄,探讨成矿流体来源及其与赋矿花岗岩的成因联系.结果显示：石英流体包裹体Rb-Sr等时线年龄为229±8.6 Ma,比含矿岩体形成时代（254.2±0.95 Ma、230.44±0.54 Ma）稍晚或接近.石英中H、O同位素特征显示成矿流体应为晚二叠世花岗岩浆分异出的热液,后期有少量的大气降水的加入,暗示了含矿石英脉与赋矿花岗岩体具有密切的成因联系.综合认为,成岩成矿可能发生在同一地质事件中,即与古亚洲洋板块向佳蒙地块俯冲作用有关.     

辽东五龙地区燕山期侵入岩类同源岩浆演化微量元素、同位素证据与金矿成矿

辽东五龙地区中生代燕山期侵入岩类在时空上与金矿关系密切。该类侵入岩具有接近的微量元素Th／U、Zr／Hf、Nb／Ta值。随着不同岩石类型中的SiO2、MgO的含量的变化，(^87Sr／^66Sr)i和(^143Nd／^144Nd)i值保持不变，说明岩浆在侵位过程中没有明显受到围岩物质混染，且该类侵入岩有着相同的岩浆源区。Sr、Nd同位素组成表明成岩物质以下地壳为主。三股流花岗岩和矿石有相似的Pb同位家组成，结合含金石英脉(矿体)切穿已固结三股流花岗岩的地质事实，暗示了三股流花岗岩不太可能是直接的矿质提供者，推测成矿物质与成岩物质主体来自深部的同一岩浆源区，金矿成矿是同一岩浆源区岩浆演化不同阶段的产物。     

阿尔金大平沟金矿床成矿时代Rb-Sr定年

首次测定的阿尔金北缘地区大平沟金矿石英包裹体Rb-Sr等时线年龄(487±21) Ma,初始87Sr/86Sr值0.710 06±0.000 18(2σ),表明成矿作用可能发生在加里东中期,属早奥陶世.矿床成矿年龄与本区加里东期大陆俯冲碰撞事件中岩浆活动、变质作用、构造运动相一致.矿床初始87Sr/86Sr值与矿区西部加里东期花岗岩相同,与矿区东部出露的晚古生代—中生代花岗岩有明显差别,加里东期花岗岩可能是本区金成矿的重要物(热)源,说明加里东期是阿尔金北缘地区重要的成矿阶段;因此,在今后的找矿工作中,应重视阿尔金北缘断裂带早古生代岩体和蛇绿混杂岩带.     

东濮凹陷北部沙河街组三段中亚段沉积环境分析

东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.     

郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论

据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。     

塘口水电站坝基岩体透水性和渗漏问题分析

塘口水电站大坝基础座落在断层和裂隙较发育的龟裂纹灰岩上,岩体完整性差、透水性强,多年运行后,大坝灌浆廊道和排水廊道出现多处集中性漏水,为确保大坝安全和电站正常发电,根据渗漏性质和成因,采用对灌浆廊道补充帷幕灌浆,对排水廊道进行固结+帷幕+回填灌浆。通过灌浆处理后,效果良好,表明灌浆工程有效的将导致坝基渗漏的上下游的裂隙通道封闭,并顺利的经受了随后的汛期洪水考验,大坝安全得到保障。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

Report of the restudy of the defined global stratotype of the base of the Silurian System

The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.     

Calculation of the Inverse of the Covariance

In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

Artemia in the Salt Lakes of Russia:the Productivity of Populations,the Reserves of the Cysts and the Fisheries

正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the