湖南前震旦系铀矿化成因探讨

湖南前震旦系冷家溪群和板溪群是一套浅变质沉积岩,主要由各种板岩、变质砂岩、凝灰质板岩组成,夹有基性、中-酸性火山熔岩、火山碎屑岩及碳酸盐岩。现已落实铀矿床3个、矿(化)点14个。铀成矿年龄为85—50Ma,最晚者16Ma。稳定同位素研究结果表明,前震旦系铀矿化属岩浆岩源及沉积(变质)岩源中-新生代大气降水热液成因;铀矿化受断裂构造控制;凝灰质板岩、砂质板岩及角岩等是矿化有利的围岩。     

甘肃发现一新的金矿类型——砷-金矿床

由甘肃省地矿局第3地质队发现并普查探勘的甘肃省评定砷-金矿床的总结报告,最近已通过评审。这是我国首次发现的一种新的金矿类型,也是甘肃省发现的第1个独立的岩金矿床。评定金矿床位于西秦岭南亚带白龙江复背斜北翼褶断带次级向斜翼部。含矿地层为中泥盆统下吾那组黑灰色泥质粉砂质板岩和泥质灰岩、灰岩,夹少量凝灰质板岩。区内北西向走向断裂及其派生的近东西向断裂控制了矿田和矿体的分布。区内见少量花岗闪长岩脉。硅化、碳酸盐化、粘土化、黄铁矿化和雌、雄黄矿化同金矿化关系密切。金矿岩石为角砾状次生石英岩、角砾状和碎裂状凝灰质板岩及少量泥灰岩、花岗闪长岩等。矿体呈透镜     

贝尔凹陷苏德尔特构造带南屯组火山碎屑沉积岩储层特征及成岩作用研究

贝尔凹陷苏德尔特构造带南屯组一段Ⅰ-Ⅳ油组为火山碎屑沉积岩储层,岩性为凝灰质砂砾岩、凝灰质砂岩、含凝灰泥岩和沉凝灰岩。该含油层段的储层物性与埋深没有直接关系。凝灰质颗粒大小对储层物性影响很大。I油组凝灰质砂砾岩以中-高孔、低渗-特低渗为主;Ⅱ、Ⅲ油组凝灰质砂岩以中-低孔、特低渗-超低渗为主;Ⅳ油组含凝灰泥岩以低孔隙度、特低渗-超低渗为主。凝灰质砂砾岩、凝灰质砂岩、含凝灰泥岩的主要成岩作用为压实作用、胶结作用和重结晶作用。压实作用和胶结作用是使储层孔隙变小、物性变差的因素;矿物的多形转变作用产生脱玻化孔,有助于微小喉道的发育。     

贵州雷公山地区早古生代变形带内的黄铁矿应变影及其构造意义

应变影是中、浅变质-变形区常见的,研究变形体制与变形历史的理想构造现象之一.贵州雷公山地区早古生代变形带发育于低绿片岩相绢云板岩、(含)粉砂质绢云板岩、(含)凝灰质绢云板岩为主的岩石中,带内发育大量黄铁矿应变影构造.详细的显微镜下观察鉴别出三种原始应变影类型:位移控制型,边界控制型,以及混合型.这三种应变影形成后均经较强变形改造,形成不同形状的应变影残片.黄铁矿应变影的形成与改造表明该变形带具有复杂的变形历史,变形岩石具有较高的含水量,在变形过程中存在明显的流体活动.应变影的发现为进一步开展变形特点、流体活动及与成矿关系等方面的研究提供了基本素材.     

贵州雷山一带的震积岩

贵州雷山一带的震积岩见于清水江组中、上部,发育液化变形层理、微断层、微褶皱、震裂岩、震塌岩及砂枕构造等。根据野外实际观察,分别建立了变余沉凝灰岩、凝灰质板岩和变余凝灰质砂岩中完整的地震扰动序列。     

内蒙古扎鲁特旗北色日巴彦敖包组的厘定

色日巴彦敖包组为2006~2008年内蒙古自治区地质调查院在扎鲁特旗地区进行1：5万区域地质调查时新识别出来的地层单位.在该组下部灰黑色凝灰质粉砂质硅泥质板岩中发现早石炭世古植物化石Archaeocalamites sp.（古芦木）.根据岩石地层对比及生物化石特征,将其时代由早二叠世归为晚泥盆世-早石炭世,并重新厘定为色日巴彦敖包组.     

甘肃中祁连陆块石板墩铁矿成矿环境探讨

石板墩铁矿位于祁连造山带—中祁连陆块西段,矿体以带状铁建造、铁矿与硅质条带互层产出为特征,属于蓟县系花儿地组中岩组,赋矿岩性为凝灰泥硅质板岩,围岩为凝灰质板岩、碧玉岩。通过对矿石及围岩主微量、稀土及稳定同位素分析,认为矿区沉积环境为弱氧化—弱还原的次深海—浅海环境,海底喷发物质中的Fe2+在弱还原的海水环境中与Si一起被搬运至次深海—浅海中环境,在微生物参与情况下,氧化成Fe3+化合物,通过水合成岩作用形成了磁铁矿和赤铁矿。     

贵州雷公山地区早古生代变形带内的黄铁矿应变影及其构造意义

应变影是中、浅变质．变形区常见的，研究变形体制与变形历史的理想构造现象之一。贵州雷公山地区早古生代变形带发育于低绿片岩相绢云板岩、（含）粉砂质绢云板岩、（含）凝灰质绢云板岩为主的岩石中，带内发育大量黄铁矿应变影构造。详细的显微镜下观察鉴别出三种原始应变影类型：位移控制型，边界控制型，以及混合型。这三种应变影形成后均经较强变形改造，形成不同形状的应变影残片。黄铁矿应变影的形成与改造表明该变形带具有复杂的变形历史，变形岩石具有较高的含水量，在变形过程中存在明显的流体活动。应变影的发现为进一步开展变形特点、流体活动及与成矿关系等方面的研究提供了基本素材。     

桃园式铜矿矿床地质特征及其控矿因素分析

桃园式铜矿产于黑山组底部黑色碳质板岩和凝灰质板岩中.矿石的微量元素特征、黄铁矿的Co/Ni比值、黄铁矿和黄铜矿的硫同位素特征表明,成矿热液主要来自深部,少部分来自海水;稀土元素特征显示还原成矿环境;主要成矿阶段在晋宁晚期的基性岩浆活动时,或稍晚时期.主要控矿因素为地层及岩相古地理、构造、岩浆活动和矿化浓集中心.     

南岭科学钻探青白口系中发现381 Ma流纹岩

南岭科学钻探(NLSD-1)选址于江西省于都—兴国—宁都三县交界地区实施,构造上属华夏板块内部的武夷和罗霄两块体交汇部位。南岭科学钻探瞄准构造结合部区域地质问题和矿集区深部成矿预测两方面科学目标进行探索。NLSD-1开孔至1373.71 m揭露了连续的青白口纪地层,是一套完整的凝灰质火山碎屑岩韵律层,主要岩性有凝灰质粉砂岩、凝灰质细砂岩、变沉凝灰岩、凝灰质板岩和流纹岩。本次工作在科学钻探精细地质编录的基础上,对各类岩性地层进行镜下鉴定,并挑选流纹岩中的单颗粒锆石,应用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法进行定年,获得了一组高度谐和的同位素年龄,确定流纹岩成岩时代为381 Ma,为赣中南地区新元古代地层时代的进一步划分、归属和地质演化研究提供了新的信息。     

Permian plate margin volcanism and tuffs in adjacent basins of west Gondwana: Age constraints and common characteristics

Increasing evidence of Permian volcanic activity along the South American portion of the Gondwana proto-Pacific margin has directed attention to its potential presence in the stratigraphic record of adjacent basins. In recent years, tuffaceous horizons have been identified in late Early Permian–through Middle Permian (280–260 Ma) sections of the Paraná Basin (Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay). Farther south and closer to the magmatic tract developed along the continental margin, in the San Rafael and Sauce Grande basins of Argentina, tuffs are present in the Early to Middle Permian section. This tuff-rich interval can be correlated with the appearance of widespread tuffs in the Karoo Basin. Although magmatic activity along the proto-Pacific plate margin was continuous during the Late Paleozoic, Choiyoi silicic volcanism along the Andean Cordillera and its equivalent in Patagonia peaked between the late Early Permian and Middle Permian, when extensive rhyolitic ignimbrites and consanguineous airborne tuffaceous material erupted in the northern Patagonian region. The San Rafael orogenic phase (SROP) interrupted sedimentation along the southwestern segment of the Gondwana margin (i.e., Frontal Cordillera, San Rafael Basin), induced cratonward thrusting (i.e., Ventana and Cape foldbelts), and triggered accelerated subsidence in the adjacent basins (Sauce Grande and Karoo) located inboard of the deformation front. This accelerated subsidence favored the preservation of tuffaceous horizons in the syntectonic successions. The age constraints and similarities in composition between the volcanics along the continental margin and the tuffaceous horizons in the San Rafael, Sauce Grande, Paraná, and Karoo basins strongly suggest a genetic linkage between the two episodes. Radiometric ages from tuffs in the San Rafael, Paraná, and Karoo basins indicate an intensely tuffaceous interval between 280 and 260 Ma.     

Permian plate margin volcanism and tuffs in adjacent basins of west Gondwana: Age constraints and common characteristics

Increasing evidence of Permian volcanic activity along the South American portion of the Gondwana proto-Pacific margin has directed attention to its potential presence in the stratigraphic record of adjacent basins. In recent years, tuffaceous horizons have been identified in late Early Permian–through Middle Permian (280–260 Ma) sections of the Paraná Basin (Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay). Farther south and closer to the magmatic tract developed along the continental margin, in the San Rafael and Sauce Grande basins of Argentina, tuffs are present in the Early to Middle Permian section. This tuff-rich interval can be correlated with the appearance of widespread tuffs in the Karoo Basin. Although magmatic activity along the proto-Pacific plate margin was continuous during the Late Paleozoic, Choiyoi silicic volcanism along the Andean Cordillera and its equivalent in Patagonia peaked between the late Early Permian and Middle Permian, when extensive rhyolitic ignimbrites and consanguineous airborne tuffaceous material erupted in the northern Patagonian region. The San Rafael orogenic phase (SROP) interrupted sedimentation along the southwestern segment of the Gondwana margin (i.e., Frontal Cordillera, San Rafael Basin), induced cratonward thrusting (i.e., Ventana and Cape foldbelts), and triggered accelerated subsidence in the adjacent basins (Sauce Grande and Karoo) located inboard of the deformation front. This accelerated subsidence favored the preservation of tuffaceous horizons in the syntectonic successions. The age constraints and similarities in composition between the volcanics along the continental margin and the tuffaceous horizons in the San Rafael, Sauce Grande, Paraná, and Karoo basins strongly suggest a genetic linkage between the two episodes. Radiometric ages from tuffs in the San Rafael, Paraná, and Karoo basins indicate an intensely tuffaceous interval between 280 and 260 Ma.     

泰国难府-程逸缝合带中灰岩块的 虫筳 类生物地层学

The study area, Nan Province, northern Thailand is geotectonically situated within the Nan-Uttaradit Suture, the once back-arc basin between the Sukhothai Zone and Indochina Block. Permian Fusulinacean fauna from limestone blocks within the suture has been investigated and the Nan area has been mapped in detail. These may provide the useful information for understanding the faunal assemblage and overall ge-ometry of stratigraphic successions in the basin. The strata were intensely folded and thrust. Scattered Per-mian limestones found in Nan area are blocks within shale interbedded with tuffaceous rock. The contact between this unit and the adjacent units, the strongly foliated shale and tuffaceous sedimentary strata that are mildly metamorphosed and giving phyllitic tex-tures, has been interpreted as a west-dipping normal fault, namely the Pha Sing Fault. This fault runs par-allel to the Highway no.1080 (Nan-Tha Wang Pha). Middle and early Late Permian fusulinacean fauna found in the Nan area contains Neoschwagerina, Pseudodoliolina, Colania, Lepidolina, and Colaniella. Additionally, late Early Permian fusulinacean and Middle Triassic radiolarian fauna have been reported in this area (e.g., Fontaine, 2002; Saesaengseerung et al. 2008). These paleontological data show the existence of Nan Back-arc Basin during late Early Permian (Artin-skian) to Middle Triassic. Moreover, the similarity of fusulinacean assemblage yielding Permian limestone blocks of the Nan Back-arc Basin and the ones of the Indochina Block has been interpreted that the Permian limestone blocks in the Nan Back-arc Basin were part of the continental shelf within the Indochina Block.     

新疆阿吾拉勒西段穷布拉克铜矿地质特征及控矿条件分析

新疆穷布拉克铜矿位于西天山阿吾拉勒山西段,矿床产于古生界二叠系之上、下二叠统不整合界面之内外侧的火山熔岩及沉积火山凝灰质砂砾岩中,具明显层控特征,矿体呈似层状、透镜状顺层产出,产状与地层基本一致。矿化富集与断裂及火山-次火山热液活动有关,主要矿体受近EW向穷布拉克断裂及其派生的次级裂隙带控制,矿床围岩蚀变较强烈,主要为绿泥石化、碳酸盐化。     

Discovery of rhyolitic tuffaceous slate in the southwestern margin of Yangtze Craton: Zircon U-Pb ages (2491 Ma) and tectonic-thermal events

The Mesoproterozoic Dongchuan Group that is widely exposed in Yimen area, central Yunnan Province is a series of sedimentary sort of low-grade metamorphic rocks interbedded with volcanic rocks, which are closely related to the early tectonic evolution of the Earth. However, its formation era, sedimentary filling sequence, and geotectonic characteristics have always been in dispute. In this study, several rhyolitic tuffaceous slate interlayers with a centimeter-level thickness were found in the previously determined Heishan Formation of the Dongchuan Group located to the western part of Yimen-Luoci fault zone. This paper focuses on the study of the rhyolitic tuffaceous slate in Qifulangqing Village, Tongchang Township, Yimen County. LA-ICP-MS zircon dating was conducted, achieving the crystallization age of magma of 2491 ± 15 Ma and the metamorphic ages of about 2.3 Ga, 2.0 Ga, and 1.8 Ga for the first time. Meanwhile, according to in-situ Hf isotope analysis, the zircon ε_Hf(t) values were determined to range from −3.0 to 7.6, with an average of 2.7. Furthermore, the first-stage Hf model age (T_DM1) was determined to be 2513−2916 Ma, indicating that the provenance of the rhyolitic tuffaceous slate is the depleted mantle or juvenile crust between the Middle Mesoarchean and the Late Neoarchean. Therefore, it is believed that the strata of the slate were deposited in the Late Neoarchean, instead of the Mesoproterozoic as determined by previous researchers. Accordingly, it is not appropriate to group the strata into the Mesoproterozoic Dongchuan Group. Instead, they should be classified as the Maolu Formation of the Neoarchean Puduhe Group given the lithologic association and regional information. Furthermore, the magma ages of 2491 ± 15 Ma are highly consistent with the eras of the large-scale Late Neoarchean orogenic magmatic activities on the northern margin of the Yangtze Craton, and thus reflect the orogenic process consisting of subduction and collision from Late Neoarchean to Early Paleoproterozoic. The magmatic activities during this period were possibly caused by the convergence of the supercontinent Kenorland. Meanwhile, the metamorphic ages of 2.3 Ga, 2.0 Ga, and 1.8 Ga are highly consistent with three metamorphic ages of 2.36 Ga, 1.95 Ga, and 1.85 Ga of the northern margin of the Yangtze Craton, indicating that the strata experienced Paleoproterozoic tectonic-thermal events. The study area is located on the eastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and thus was possibly re-transformed by magmatism subjected to the subduction of the Meso-Tethys Ocean during the Early Cretaceous. The discoveries made in this study will provide strong petrological and chronological evidence for analyzing the early crustal evolution of the Yangtze block.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office.     

甘肃寨上金矿床成矿特征与形成机理

位于西秦岭礼(县)-岷(县)成矿带西段的寨上金矿床,是近年发现的一个大型微细浸染型金矿床。矿床赋存于中泥盆统和下二叠统,为一套由石英砂岩、粉砂岩、钙质板岩和灰岩组成的浊积岩建造。金矿体明显受断裂构造的控制。矿石中矿物组成相当丰富,既有大量硫化物、硫盐、氧化物、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、钨酸盐,又有碲化物、自然金属及多金属互化物。矿石中矿物种类较多、组成较复杂以及存在显微自然金,是寨上金矿床的特色。稀土元素配分型式以及硫、铅、碳、氧、氢等同位素组成等表明,成矿金属物质、硫和碳主要来自赋矿岩石和下伏地层,同时还有深部岩浆物质的参与。成矿溶液主要来自加热的循环地下水。矿化和蚀变作用是在水/岩比值较低的体系中进行的。成矿温度主要集中在120～240℃范围内。赋矿围岩中含Fe碳酸盐矿物溶解释放Fe以及溶解Fe的大量硫化物化,是寨上金矿床中存在显微可见自然金的最重要因素和金沉淀富集的有利条件。     

富宁洞哈钛铁矿

印支期暗色、致密块状辉绿岩中含较高的含铁矿物,地磁异常较高,为矿源层。辉绿岩与灰岩接触形成矽卡岩带为有利的含矿带。矿体沿大断裂或次级断层形成的通道侵入穹窿状构造中,于二叠系砂岩、板岩隔层的下部形成工业钛铁矿体。