广东化州大坡高岭土矿的物质成分和矿物学特性及其对造纸应用的影响

广东化州大坡高岭土矿属花岗岩风化残积型矿床，矿石矿物成分简单，以高岭石和 石英为主，两者在拉级分布上差异明显，很易分选.精选后的高岭土中，高岭石含量可达91%， 石英为1%以下.高岭石有序度较高，晶形规则，大多以叠片状和蠕虫状产出，但经机械处理后 大部分可剥离成细小的高岭石单晶。矿石化学成分中Fe2O3, Ti02含量低，使高岭土具有较高的 自然白度.造纸涂布试验表明高岭土的涂布性能良好，涂布纸具较高的平滑度，但涂料粘度偏 高，这些性能和高岭石的矿物学特征有关.     

广东化州大坡高岭土矿的物质成分和矿物学特性及其对造纸应用的影响

广东化州大坡高岭土矿属花岗岩风化残积型矿床,矿石矿物成分简单,以高岭石和石英为主,两者在粒级分布上差异明显,很易分选。精选后的高岭土中,高岭石含量可达91%,石英为1%以下。高岭石有序度较高,晶形规则,大多以叠片状和蠕虫状产出,但经机械处理后大部分可剥离成细小的高岭石单晶。矿石化学成分中Fe2O3,TiO2含量低,使高岭土具有较高的自然白度。造纸涂布试验表明高岭土的涂布性能良好,涂布纸具较高的平滑度,但涂料粘度偏高,这些性能和高岭石的矿物学特征有关。     

焦作煤系高岭土煅烧增白技术研究

焦作地区高岭石粘土矿主要赋存在石炭系中统本溪组,是非常优良的高岭土资源。本次实验以焦作地区煤系高岭土为原料,进行矿物成分和含量分析,研究其煅烧过程中添加剂的种类、用量、入料粒度、煅烧时间、煅烧温度等因素对白度的影响。研究表明：在900°C时样品加盖煅烧4小时并添加5%的还原剂和2%氯化剂做添加剂,试样的白度由45.84%增加到了88.68%,满足了橡胶填料、中等造纸涂料的需要,为本地区煤系高岭土的开发利用提供了重要的依据。     

漳州风化残积型高岭土矿床的矿物学特征

本文运用化学成分分析、X射线衍射、红外光谱、热重-热流和扫描电镜等方法对福建漳州地区某风化残积型高岭土矿床中的矿物组成和微观形貌进行了系统研究。结果表明:虽然该区风化残积型高岭土的矿物组成简单,主要为高岭石和石英,次为钾长石,但石英含量相对较高导致样品的化学成分呈现高硅低铝的特征,n(Si O_2)/n(Al_2O_3)在4左右。样品的w(K_2O)波动范围较大,w(Na_2O)、w(Mg O)和w(Ca O)低,而有害组分Fe、Ti含量相对较高。该风化残积型高岭土矿床风化不完全,高岭石结晶度较差,其X射线衍射峰峰形弥散,对称程度差。在扫描电镜下高岭石的六方片状晶形难以辨认,其形状不规则,呈片状、鳞片状集合体和团块状。此外,样品的热稳定性相对较差,其脱羟基温度≤500℃,进而说明该地区风化残积型高岭土结晶度较低。     

广西合浦清水江高岭土矿的矿物学研究

广西合浦清水江高岭土矿床属花岗岩蚀变型.在区域地质背景概况调查及矿区地质特征、矿石自然品级分布研究的基础上,在矿区内7个不同地点采集样品并分离提纯.样品的X射线粉晶衍射分析表明黏土矿物主要由高岭石和伊利石组成;热分析显示了矿物的相变过程;扫描电镜观察显示高岭石为片状;其化学成分以比较低的铁、钛含量为特征;漂白作用对黄色和红色黏土的白度改善非常明显,小于2μm的颗粒分布占80%左右.这些特征表明广西合浦清水江高岭土的品质优良,具有广阔的开发利用前景.     

龙岩高岭土矿物学特征及插层复合物的制备

通过化学成分分析、岩矿鉴定、扫描电镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱和差热一热重曲线观察和分析测试,对龙岩高岭土的矿物学特征进行了研究.结果表明,龙岩高岭土矿物组成简单,主要由高岭石组成,有害成分铁和钛含量很低,自然白度83%～92%,质量好,但高岭石结晶程度不高,Hinckley指数0.42,属较无序高岭石.在此基础上,用醋酸...     

高岭土热分析中相变的影响因素:以广西合浦高岭土为例

以广西合浦新屋面高岭土矿床不同特征高岭土样品为实验初始物质,研究了其粒度与白度特征、化学成分、物相及其组合、晶体形貌和结构特征,并在此基础上进行了热分析。结果表明:合浦地区高岭土的粒度分布、杂质元素、矿物相组成和高岭石结晶度均对高岭土的热分析相变产生显著影响,这些影响包括热分析的热失重曲线(TG)质量损失量、微商热重曲线(DTG)谷温与面积、差示扫描量热曲线(DSC)峰谷温度、面积和形态指数等。     

准格尔煤田官板乌素6号煤层中煤矸石的矿物学特征研究

运用X射线衍射、红外光谱、热重-热流和扫描电镜等手段对准格尔矿区官板乌素煤矿主采6号煤层下部层位中煤矸石的矿物组成和微观形貌进行了系统研究。结果表明,煤矸石在官板乌素煤矿6号煤层下部层位中分布广泛,呈薄层状产出,主要矿物组成为高岭石,其次含有极少量的勃姆石等矿物。样品中SiO_2/Al_2O_3(摩尔比值)在2.00~2.10之间,接近高岭石族矿物理论比值,有害组分铁、钛含量相对较低。在扫描电镜下,可见煤矸石样品中高岭石单晶形态主要为六方片状,叠片状聚晶,晶片的片径多在5μm以下。该矿区煤矸石中的高岭石为结晶度较高的优质高岭岩,可用于生产陶瓷。     

青海省大通矿区侏罗纪煤系地层中砂岩型高岭土矿床

矿区高岭土严格受岩性和地层层位控制。矿石含矿率高。质量好，矿物组成主要为高岭石和石英，其次有伊利石，高岭石为自形的假六方片状晶体，有序度高，晶体粒度细，伊利石多属边界圆滑的等度片状晶体。矿床的形成经历了原始的沉积阶段和成岩改造阶段，为“沉积改造”成因。     

风化型和含煤建沉积型高岭土的物质组成对比研究

我国高岭土资源丰富,矿床类型多,其中风化和含煤建造沉积型是两类比较重要的高岭土矿床,对这两类高岭土矿床化学组成,矿物组成及高岭石矿物学特征的异同点进行研究和探讨,其结果表明,风化高岭土的化学成分一般属硅高铝低型,钾含量偏高,钛含量低,铁含量则随成矿线岩和风化条件的不同波动范围大,矿物组成主要为结晶度较差的高岭石、水云线和石英,以及极少量的管状埃洛石,含煤建造沉积型高岭土一般属铝高硅低型,钾含量低,钛含量明显偏高,矿物组成简单,高岭石含量〉９５％,结晶度较好。     

Enrichment of lithium in the claystone coal gangue from the Malan mine,Xishan Coalfield,Shanxi Province,Northern China

In China, the lack of Li resources is in stark contrast to a large amount of coal gangue produced by coal mining. To determine the distribution patterns and existing status of lithium (Li) elements in the coal gangue, the mineralogical and geochemical analysis were formed on samples of the roof, floor, and parting of No. 02, 2, 8, and 9 coal seams, being mined in Malan mine, Xishan coalfield, Shanxi Province. The results show that the lithium content in this study area is relatively enriched, the highest content is 499 μg/g in sample 02-G, and the average content is 109.8 μg/g, which is two times that of the world average value of claystone (45 μg/g). XRD analysis shows that the mineral composition of parting samples is mainly clay mineral kaolinite, while the coal seam roof and floor samples also include quartz and some iron-bearing minerals, such as pyrite and siderite. Likewise, possible lithium-rich mineral phases and possible lithium-rich factors were investigated in this paper. A comprehensive clay separation experiment and correlation analysis between lithium and major elements indicate that lithium is likely to exist in the clay mineral kaolinite in the study area. It is also found that the content of Li adsorbed by cryptocrystalline kaolinite is generally higher than that of crystalline kaolinite. According to the mechanism of Li⁺ adsorption in clay minerals, the higher lithium content of cryptocrystalline kaolinite is due to its larger specific surface area, which can adsorb more lithium on the surface.     

Mineralogy and geochemistry of Al-hydroxide/oxyhydroxide mineral-bearing coals of Late Paleozoic age from the Weibei coalfield, southeastern Ordos Basin, North China

This paper mainly describes mineralogy and geochemistry of coals from the Weibei coalfield in the southeastern Ordos Basin, North China. A number of Al-hydroxide/oxyhydroxide minerals were detected in the Late Carboniferous coals (Nos. 5, 10 and 11 coals), especially in the No. 10 coal. Aluminum-hydroxide/oxyhydroxide minerals (nordstrandite, boehmite and diaspore) in the No. 10 coal are associated with kaolinite, suggesting that these minerals are derived from the breakdown of kaolinite. A model in which Al-hydroxide/oxyhydroxide minerals form from the incongruent dissolution of kaolinite is presented. Nordstrandite and boehmite mainly occur as massive lenses (<500 μm in length). Diaspore appears as massive aggregates and as single euhedral crystals (<50 μm in length) in a kaolinite matrix. The presence of high temperature quartz, and zircon indicates that there was input of felsic volcanic debris during accumulation of the Late Carboniferous coals. These volcanic materials have also had a significant influence on the enrichment of certain trace elements including Li, Be, Ga, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, W and U in the Late Carboniferous coals (Nos. 5, 10, and 11 coals). SEM-EDX results show that Ga in the No. 10 coal (whole coal average 33.4 μg/g; n = 2) mainly occurs within Al-hydroxide/oxyhydroxide minerals (nordstrandite, boehmite, and diaspore), kaolinite and organic matter.     

鄂西高铁高钛煤系高岭土矿选矿工艺实验研究

以鄂西地区高铁高钛煤系高岭土矿为原料,采用浮选脱硫、强磁选除铁的浮-磁联合流程,选矿除杂效果显著。选矿产品经搅磨超细磨和煅烧工艺处理,最终产品产率77．5％,白度90．3,粒度90．2％、2μm。精矿各项指标均达到90级高级加工纸质量要求。     

砟子煤矿区硬质高岭(土)岩生产高白度煅烧高岭土工艺研究

吉林省地质矿信息中心与白山市八道江区煤管局合作,对山地区石炭、二叠系煤系地层中的硬质高岭（土）岩进行了实验室加工试验,得出了影响砟子煤矿区硬质高岭（土）岩煅烧高岭土白度的六大因素,指出了煅烧工艺对砟子煤矿区硬质高岭（土）岩的关键所在,但各因素之间又是相关连,相互渗透的,对下一步建厂生产指明了方向,清楚地论述了应用砟子煤矿区硬质高岭（土）岩的煅烧加工过程,获得超细双９０型造纸涂料级产品的把握所在,双９０型产品指的是：粒度－２μｍ〉９０％,白度（ＧＥ高度）〉９０度。     

滇东黔西地区陆相二叠—三叠系界线粘土岩特征

在滇东黔西地区，海相和陆相二叠－三叠系界线附近均有界线粘土岩存在。本文介绍了该区陆相界线粘土岩的特征，并探讨了其成因。这些粘土岩主要矿物成分为伊／蒙混层矿物（20％－80％）和高岭石（35％－80％），碎屑物中有锆石、磷灰石、六方双锥石英、其他类型石英和微球粒等。提出界线粘土岩中的物质主要是火山成因，也有正常沉积物的加入，可能还拌有撞击作用的影响。     

河曲-保德矿区煤系高岭岩矿床特征与利用方向

河曲-保德矿区含煤地层中高岭岩资源丰富,分别赋存于太原组顶部和山西组中部,其类型以隐晶质高岭岩为主,少量为细-粗晶质及烧变高岭岩。根据大量样品试测结果,其SiO2／Al2O3摩尔比值在2．0左右,说明本区高岭岩纯度高。分析其成因属沉积型煤系高岭岩矿床,其成矿母质类型有两种,一是陆地搬运高岭岩母质多为粘土矿物,运移至静水沼泽环境中沉积,在有机质酸的作用下形成较纯的高岭岩层;二是成矿母质为火山碎屑物质,在酸性沼泽环境下经成岩作用形成,区内高岭岩质地优良,具有广泛的利用前景,为发展煤矿循环经济提供了依据。     

云南腾冲地热区主要蚀变矿物含量与蚀变母岩的关系

腾冲地热区出露有众多热泉泉群,地热活动频繁,岩石发生强烈蚀变,形成的主要蚀变矿物包括高岭石、绢云母、蒙脱石、I/M间层矿物、石英和蛋白石。主要蚀变矿物的种类和含量受蚀变母岩性质的控制,花岗质砂砾岩和花岗岩形成高岭石,玄武岩形成伊利石和蒙托石,安山岩中发育硅化作用。泥化作用增强的趋势是安山岩→花岗岩→玄武岩→花岗质砂砾岩。由于花岗质砂砾岩在热区内广泛分布,通过蚀变作用形成了有经济价值的高岭土矿床。     

Tribo-electrostatic behaviour of high ash non-coking Indian thermal coal

The tribo-electrostatic method was applied to beneficiate non-coking Indian thermal coal from Ramagundam coal mines containing nearly 45% ash content. The microscopic studies revealed that quartz and kaolinite are the dominant minerals whereas illite, goethite, siderite and pyrite are the minor inclusions in the coal. Contact electrification of ash-forming minerals and coal matter was carried out using different tribo-charger materials of Al, Cu, brass, perspex and teflon. The Cu tribo-charger was found to be optimum to acquire differential charge between ash-forming inorganics and coal matter. The temperature effect on the magnitude of contact charge acquisition was found to be significant. Tests on a laboratory in-house built tribo-electrostatic free-fall separator with minus 300 μm coal showed that the ash content was reduced from 45% to about 18%, and a clean coal product as judged by the washability studies can be obtained. The results illustrate that the non-coking coals can be beneficiated using the scientific knowledge on the response and behaviour of coal and non-coal matters to electric charges.     

The contribution of lateritization processes to the formation of the kaolin deposits from eastern Amazon

The eastern region of the Amazon is home to the most important kaolin bauxite producing district in Brazil, referred to as the Paragominas-Capim kaolin bauxite district, which has a reserve of at least 1.0 billion tons of high-quality kaolin used in the paper coating industry. The kaolin deposits are closely related to sedimentary rocks of the Parnaíba basin and their lateritic cover. Two large deposits are already being mined: IRCC (Ipixuna) and PPSA (Paragominas). The geology of the IRCC mine is comprised of the kaolin-bearing lower unit (truncated mature laterite succession derived from the Ipixuna/Itapecuru formation) and the upper unit (immature lateritized Barreiras formation). The lower kaolin unit is characterized by a sandy facies at the bottom and a soft (ore) with flint facies at the top. It is formed by kaolinite, quartz, some iron oxi-hydroxides, mica and several accessories and heavy minerals. The <2 μm kaolinite crystallites only correspond to 41.3–58.3% of the soft kaolin, and large booklets of 15–300 μm are common. The degree of structure order of kaolinite decreases towards the flint kaolin. The chemical composition of the soft kaolin is similar to the theoretical chemical composition of kaolinite, with low iron content, and can be well correlated to most kaolin deposits in the region. The distribution pattern of chemical elements from sandy to flint kaolin (lower unit) suggests a lateritic evolution and erosive truncation. This is quite distinct from the upper unit, which has a mineralogical and chemical pathway relating it to a complete immature lateritic profile. The geological evolution of the IRCC kaolin is similar to that of other deposits in the eastern Amazon region, being comprised of: parent rocks formed in an estuarine marine and fluvio-laccustrine environment during the early Cretaceous; establishment of mature lateritization with the formation of kaolin in the Eocene; marine transgression and regression – (Pirabas and Barreiras formation) with kaolin profile erosion and forward movement of deferruginization and flintization during the Miocene after partial mangrove covering; and immature lateritization – partial kaolin ferruginization during the Pleistocene.     

鄂东南付家山脉石英矿杂质特征及其用作高纯石英原料的潜力

作为战略性矿产资源之一,高纯石英已广泛应用于集成电路、半导体芯片、太阳能等高新技术产业中,但是能够生产高纯石英的原料矿床极为稀缺,我国尤为紧缺高纯石英原料矿。鄂东南地区是湖北省脉石英矿床的主要分布区。本文针对鄂东南付家山脉石英矿床,通过光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜观察了脉石英的脉石矿物类型和包裹体特征,采用电感耦合等离子发射光谱法(ICP-OES)对原矿进行了微量元素分析,旨在获得付家山脉石英矿床的杂质元素特征,进而评价矿床用作高纯石英原料的潜力。结果表明,付家山脉石英矿石SiO₂含量大于99.95%,杂质元素主要为Al、K、Fe、Ti、Ca等,脉石矿物主要有白云母、钾长石、铁氧化物等,流体包裹体较为发育。杂质元素分析结果表明,付家山脉石英原矿质量达到低端高纯石英标准,经传统工艺提纯后,可能具有生产中高端高纯石英的潜力。