玄武岩纤维原料特征的统计及分析研究

玄武岩纤维是以玄武岩或他种成分相近的岩石为主要原料,经熔融后拉制而成的一种高性能纤维。天然矿石的成分波动会造成拉丝困难或纤维性能不稳定,笔者等收集了54组原料岩石以及114组玄武岩纤维样品的化学成分数据,研究归纳了玄武岩纤维所需原料的岩石学特征、参数指标特征和其他特征,分析提出了可拉丝岩石相关参数指标的最佳区间。适于生产玄武岩纤维的原料矿石,其特征可总结如下：岩石学方面,以基性岩以及SiO2含量为53%~57%的中性岩为佳,岩石类型最佳为玄武岩或安山玄武岩;岩石结构最佳为间隐结构、玻基斑状结构或玻璃质结构;构造的影响是间接的,主要为气孔或杏仁构造中可能含有的一些不利矿物的影响;矿物组成方面,蛇纹石、沸石等含水矿物会在熔融过程中产生气泡,影响纤维制备连续性的同时也有利于原料的充分熔融,镁橄榄石、磁铁矿等高熔点矿物会使原料在熔融阶段难以完全熔化,导致熔体不均匀并容易析晶。参数指标方面,可拉丝岩石的酸度系数（Mk）最佳区间为4. 0~5. 5;黏度系数（Mv）为2. 0~3. 0;硅铝氧化物与其他氧化物比值为1. 5~3. 0;氧化物组成的物质的量分数分布为n(RO)=20%~30%,n(RO2)=57%~70%,n(R2O3)=10%~16%（R为阳离子）。     

玄武岩制备连续纤维熔融反应热力学研究

玄武岩纤维由天然岩石直接熔融拉丝制备而成，性能优异，其原料调控对纤维制备和性能提升有重要影响，熔融反应的热力学分析是研究原料特征的重要手段。本文以代表性玄武岩样品为原料，分析其矿物组成，进而构建复杂硅酸盐体系热力学模型，研究其在1400℃时的熔融反应热力学。结果表明，单一矿物如长石、辉石熔融反应的吉布斯自由能为负值且相对较小；钛铁矿、磁铁矿、磷灰石等矿物熔融反应的吉布斯自由能为正数。所选玄武岩样品熔融反应的吉布斯自由能为-225～-257 kJ/mol,表明可自发进行；样品熔融过程的理论能耗为2.4～2.5 GJ/t,接近某些玻璃纤维池窑工艺能耗(考虑窑炉热效率)。纤维的制备条件和性能参数与原料的成分关系密切，以直径约9μm的纤维为例，其拉丝温度及缠绕机线速度等条件各不相同，纤维表面光滑，断裂伸长率约3%～4%,弹性模量59～66 GPa,抗拉强度1700～2400 MPa;采用Giordano的模型，计算出不同原料成纤粘度(lgη)约0.70～1.21 Pa·s。本研究的热力学模型及实验结果可为玄武岩纤维制备的原料优选、能耗计算、条件调控及性能预测提供参考。     

四川省峨边县玄武岩特征及开发利用前景

四川省峨边县玄武岩矿资源丰富,但尚无开发利用纤维用玄武岩的矿山。从玄武岩的矿石组构、化学成分和玄武岩拉丝性能判别指标3个方面开展纤维用玄武岩评价工作。研究结果显示: 研究区致密块状玄武岩和杏仁状玄武岩多属拉斑系列与碱性系列的过渡型岩石,玻基玄武岩均为碱性系列; 拉斑玄武岩系列矿石的化学成分具有SiO₂含量较高、(K₂O+Na₂O)和TiO₂含量较低、FeO/MgO值较大的特征; 区内致密块状玄武岩适合连续玄武岩纤维生产,而杏仁状玄武岩的杏仁中含有石英和方解石等次矿物,玻基玄武岩具有火山玻璃成分含量高、杏仁状构造及酸度系数过高等特征,均不宜作为生产玄武岩纤维的原料。研究区玄武岩矿具备纤维用玄武岩资源储备地的潜力,建议采用综合开发的方式利用玄武岩矿资源。     

贵州赫章地区玄武岩拉丝试验研究

对采自贵州省赫章县不同地区的16件致密状和3件杏仁状玄武岩进行了拉丝试验,从化学成分、矿物成分、拉丝温度、试验转速、析晶上限温度等方面分析了拉丝成功的影响因素,讨论了本区玄武岩作为生产连续玄武岩纤维原矿石的可能性,同时探讨了生产连续玄武岩纤维的拉丝作业温度.结果 表明,赫章县不同地区19件玄武岩,16件拉丝成功、3件拉丝失败;16件致密状玄武岩有15件拉丝成功、3件杏仁状玄武岩有2件拉丝失败.该区致密状玄武岩化学成分和矿物成分绝大部分符合连续纤维用玄武岩标准,具有重要的开发利用价值;利用本区致密状玄武岩生产连续纤维过程中,拉丝作业温度应高于1350 ℃.     

连续玄武岩纤维矿石中TiO2、MgO含量的探讨

玄武岩纤维是以天然玄武岩为生产原料，高温熔融后经漏板拉丝制备而成的纤维。玄武岩纤维中TiO₂、MgO组分含量较低，但对纤维形成的影响不可忽略。根据峨眉山玄武岩中TiO₂、MgO含量不同的斜斑玄武岩和致密玄武岩进行拉丝试验，从玄武岩纤维成丝率、纤维断裂强度、熔制性能等分析，结合已有研究成果对玄武岩中TiO₂、MgO含量进行讨论。结果表明，连续玄武岩纤维矿石中的TiO₂、MgO可增强玄武岩纤维的热性能和化学性能，在一定范围内TiO₂含量增加、MgO含量减少，可提高玄武岩纤维的稳定性和成丝率，增强纤维断裂强度。在现有的工艺条件下，根据不同类别的玄武岩，可将连续玄武岩纤维矿石中TiO₂含量扩大到4%，增加矿石原料的选取范围。     

西藏泽当蛇绿岩中角闪辉长岩矿物学特征及其成因启示

西藏泽当蛇绿岩位于雅鲁藏布江缝合带东段,由地幔橄榄岩、辉长岩、玄武岩等组成,地幔橄榄岩中发育有少量辉石岩、辉长岩、异剥钙榴岩、斜长花岗岩和角闪辉长岩。本文研究的角闪辉长岩侵入于泽当地幔橄榄岩的辉石岩中,主要由角闪石、葡萄石+绿纤石和少量Fe-Ti氧化物组成。岩石中角闪石呈自形,伟晶结构,褐色,均一的干涉色,与交代成因的角闪石相比具有较高的Al2O3(7.0%~11.0%)、Ti O2(1.0%~2.5%)和Na2O(1.0%~1.9%)含量,指示其为岩浆成因;Fe-Ti氧化物以磁铁矿为主(Ti O2=1.2%~13.2%;Fe2O3=40.6%~61.4%;Fe O=31.1%~43.6%),与钛铁矿(Ti O2=36.2%~50.8%;Fe2O3=2.5%~24.6%;Fe O=33.0%~43.7%)经常呈矿物对共生或出溶钛铁矿,磁铁矿—钛铁矿计算矿物平衡氧逸度(-logfo2)为12.4~22.8,约为NNO+1,比正常MORB氧化程度高,指示岩浆结晶时具有较高的水逸度。其锆石εHf(t)值为11.0~19.8,显示亏损地幔源区特征。岩石地球化学分析显示其具有高的Al2O3(20.4%~22.4%)、Ti O2(1.0%~1.5%),低的Mg O(4.1%~5.5%)含量类似高铝玄武岩的特征。泽当角闪辉长岩可能由亏损地幔部分熔融形成的含水岩浆经过演化(分离结晶作用等)形成的低镁高铝类似高铝玄武岩的岩浆结晶形成。然而样品严重亏损轻稀土(LREE),与常见于岛弧区的高铝玄武岩不同,可能为蛇纹石化的洋壳或地幔橄榄岩在俯冲早期脱水使得地幔楔发生部分熔融导致。对泽当蛇绿岩中侵入岩及地幔橄榄岩进行更详细的调查研究将对揭示泽当蛇绿岩的形成环境构造背景提供更多的线索。     

山东省临朐—沂水地区橄榄玄武岩地质特征及开发利用研究

玄武岩纤维是国际上重点发展的新材料之一,附加价值极高。以天然玄武岩拉制的连续纤维是一种新型无机环保绿色高性能纤维材料,具有强度高,电绝缘、耐腐蚀、耐高温等多种优异性能。笔者等通过对山东省临朐—沂水地区橄榄玄武岩地质特征、岩相学特征及岩石地球化学特征进行分析研究,发现产出于中新世临朐群牛山组偏基性火山岩的致密块状橄榄玄武岩,是拉丝纤维用的理想原矿石。笔者等梳理了国内部分生产企业和学者研究关于天然玄武岩成功拉丝的研究进展,分析研究了山东省临朐—沂水地区橄榄玄武岩影响连续纤维用玄武岩矿拉丝性能的七大参数指标,结果表明,研究区橄榄玄武岩除酸度系数偏低外,各项参数均符合连续拉丝纤维生产各项指标,可为后续开展纤维用玄武岩地质调查工作提供参考,助力资源的开发利用研究。     

山东省临朐—沂水地区橄榄玄武岩地质特征及开发利用研究

玄武岩纤维是国际上重点发展的新材料之一,附加价值极高。以天然玄武岩拉制的连续纤维是一种新型无机环保绿色高性能纤维材料,具有强度高,电绝缘、耐腐蚀、耐高温等多种优异性能。笔者等通过对山东省临朐—沂水地区橄榄玄武岩地质特征、岩相学特征及岩石地球化学特征进行分析研究,发现产出于中新世临朐群牛山组偏基性火山岩的致密块状橄榄玄武岩,是拉丝纤维用的理想原矿石。笔者等梳理了国内部分生产企业和学者研究关于天然玄武岩成功拉丝的研究进展,分析研究了山东省临朐—沂水地区橄榄玄武岩影响连续纤维用玄武岩矿拉丝性能的七大参数指标,结果表明,研究区橄榄玄武岩除酸度系数偏低外,各项参数均符合连续拉丝纤维生产各项指标,可为后续开展纤维用玄武岩地质调查工作提供参考,助力资源的开发利用研究。     

新疆博乐哈夏林场一带下二叠统乌郎组火山岩地球化学特征及地质意义

哈夏林场一带发育一套典型的"双峰式"火山岩组合,岩石类型以拉斑玄武岩系列为主,含少量的流纹岩,属高钾钙碱性系列。流纹岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄显示该套岩石的形成年龄为(296.6±2.7)Ma,为早二叠世产物。玄武岩富钠贫钾(K_2O/Na_2O=0.21~0.37),高Al(w(Al_2O_3)=17.67%~19.65%)、低Mg(w(MgO)=3.30%~4.64%),表明原始岩浆经历了明显的橄榄石和辉石的分离结晶作用。玄武岩具轻微右倾的稀土元素配分模式,微弱的Eu正异常,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、高场强元素Th、Zr、Hf,亏损高场强元素Sr、P、Ti;岩石地球化学特征及岩石学实验证明,玄武岩为岩石圈地幔尖晶石二辉橄榄岩区域低程度(5%)的部分熔融产物,并在上升过程中经历了明显的分离结晶作用。流纹岩与玄武岩体现出相似的稀土元素配分模式和微量元素特征,并具有一致的演化趋势,暗示二者具有同源演化特征。流纹岩为玄武岩上升过程中分离结晶作用的产物。该套"双峰式"火山岩组合证实伊犁北缘哈夏林场一带在二叠纪时期处于伸展构造背景,此时北天山洋已完全封闭,并开始进入碰撞后的伸展阶段。     

四川荣县紫砂矿物资源的发现及其矿物岩石学特征

为了寻找新的紫砂矿物资源,为荣县陶土的高附加值利用以及紫砂矿物原料研究与应用提供科学依据,采用多种现代岩矿测试分析技术,对比研究了四川荣县陶土与宜兴紫砂泥料的矿物岩石学特征,结果表明:荣县陶土的化学成分平均含量是,w(Si O2)64.29%,w(Al2O3)22.72%,w(Fe2O3)6.51%,w(K2O)3.81%,四者之和达97.33%,而有害成分Ca O含量低,w(Ca O)0.35%;矿物成分石英35%~40%,高岭石25%~30%,伊利石30%~35%,赤铁矿3%~5%;结构构造主要为块状构造,粉砂泥质结构,石英分布均匀,颗粒大小为10~250μm;热效应特征是,平均热失重为4.99%,脱羟温度515℃左右。荣县陶土这些矿物岩石学特征都与宜兴紫砂矿物原料中的紫泥相同或相似,有可能作为一种优质的紫砂矿物资源。另外,荣县陶土中的淡绿色部分和紫红色部分分别与宜兴绿泥和朱泥有相似之处。     

高温实验研究火成岩成因的意义

通过对球粒陨石晚壳的分层及玻璃质的研究,探讨了类地行星的层圈构造划分及地球早期玄武岩与月岩形成的机理。论述了高温实验结果对火山岩、侵入岩、陨石及含水暗色矿物等有关成因研究的意义。根据酸性火山岩干熔与湿熔实验中矿物熔融顺序的不同,分析了花岗闻风而动 浆侵入酸度演经及浅色麻粒岩的 ,讨论了岩石熔点与酸度、结构的关系。根据玄武岩加花岗岩的熔融实验结果,排队了玄武岩浆同化花岗岩形成 白榴玄武岩的可能,并提出了高铝玄武岩浆与碱性苦橄岩浆分离结晶形成拉斑玄武系列岩石及出现跨越趋势的可能。通过不同酸度、不同温度熔体粘度的计算．阐述了同一温度下熔浆酸度愈大粘度增大率愈大的特点及其与火山相、喷发及火山类型的关系。通过轻度钠化、变质、风化的玄武岩熔融结晶实验与新鲜玄武岩的对比,指出具原岩显微结构的岩石．其化学成分仍可作为火山岩分类命名、系列划分的依据。通过玄武岩熔融结晶实验,研究了熔浆过冷度、成桉密度、晶体生长速度与矿物结晶程度的关系,并指出了白榴苦橄岩熔体在降温过程中,晶出矿物的共生组合、演化顺序及其意义。根据含水暗色矿物的升温研究,阐明了它们氧化、脱水与热光性的变化过程及其暗化、分解、熔融的变化阶段,阐述了它们在地质温度计、划分岩浆岩相等方面的作用,并由玄武岩的熔融结晶实验结果,研究了富钙单斜辉石在压力效应、淬火效应中Ti 与Al2含量的不同,还指出可能有“等温效应 的存在。     

吉林蛟河上地幔岩碎块内熔融微区矿物学及其地质意义

吉林蛟河地幔岩碎块是被碱性橄榄玄武岩岩浆喷发携带至地壳浅部或地表的。碱性橄榄玄武岩中地幔岩碎块含量40%~55%,局部达60%以上;碎块大小不等,一般直径以5~10 cm居多,大者达20~35 cm,故定名为地幔岩集块熔岩(岩流)。地幔岩碎块以尖晶石二辉橄榄岩和尖晶石斜辉橄榄岩碎块为主,纯橄榄岩次之,未发现石榴石橄榄岩;胶结物为碱性橄榄玄武岩岩浆。本次研究发现地幔岩内存在丰富的、不同成分和形态的熔融微区。熔融微区类型以其形状可分为滴状、扇状、球状、不规则状、短脉状和环边状,以其特征新生矿物分为OL型、K型、Na+Chl型、PL型、OL+SP型、C+SP型和SP+Chl+Ser型。熔融微区结构为玻基间隐结构或放射状结构;矿物呈骸晶状、中空为玻璃质;残余玻璃脱玻化,产生少量针状和不透明黑色雏晶。熔融微区的形状、结构、物质组成及矿物结晶等特征具有标型性,表征这些熔融体是在上地幔深度保存的幔源岩熔融交代的产物,幔源结晶岩是固相残留。该幔源岩经历强火山喷发使其发生爆炸的地质事件,导致K、Na、Al、Ca易熔组分和H₂O、CO₂等挥发分开始熔融和气体释放,营造快速固化结晶和淬火的环境。这些少量的熔融物择优占据矿物间隙、裂隙、位错或晶体缺陷处汇聚并熔融交代相邻矿物,不断扩展空间,遂形成滴状等特征形状的“微区”。由于熔融程度不同,产生的熔融物的化学成分和结晶程度也有差异,所代表的初始岩浆性质也不一样,可以是超基性或碱性橄榄玄武质,抑或碧玄岩质岩浆。从检测出的这些信息证实,蛟河地幔岩是被不一致熔融抽取后的地幔残留,即岩石圈地幔。     

Formation of plagioclase-bearing peridotite and plagioclase-bearing wehrlite and gabbro suite through reactive crystallization: an experimental study

Plagioclase-bearing peridotites are commonly associated with gabbroic rocks sampled around the Moho Transition Zone. Based on mineral chemistry, texture, and spatial relations, the formation of plagioclase-bearing peridotites has been attributed to impregnation of basalt into residual peridotites. We conducted reactive dissolution and crystallization experiments to test this hypothesis by reacting a primitive mid-ocean ridge basalt with a melt-impregnated lherzolite at 1,300 °C and 1 GPa and then cooling to 1,050 °C as pressure decreased to 0.7 GPa. Crystallization during cooling produced lithologic sequences of gabbro–wehrlite or gabbro–wehrlite–peridotite, depending on reaction time. Wehrlitic and peridotitic sections contain significant amounts of plagioclase interstitial to olivine and clinopyroxene and plagioclase compositions are spatially homogeneous. Clinopyroxene in the wehrlite–peridotite section is reprecipitated from the melt and exhibits poikilitic texture with small rounded olivine chadacrysts. Mineral composition in olivine and clinopyroxene varies spatially, both at the scale of the sample and within individual grains. Olivine grains that crystallized close to the melt–peridotite interface are enriched in iron due to their proximity to the basaltic melt reservoir. Consistent with many field studies, we observed gradual spatial variation in olivine and clinopyroxene composition across a lithologically sharp boundary between the gabbro and wehrlite–peridotite. Plagioclase compositions show no obvious dependence on distance from the melt–rock interface and were precipitated from late-stage trapped melts. Compositional trends of olivine, pyroxene, and plagioclase are consistent with previous experimental results and natural observations of the Moho Transition Zone. Different lithological sequences form based primarily on the melt–rock ratio, composition of the melt and host peridotite, and thermochemical conditions, but are expected to grade from gabbro to wehrlite or troctolite to peridotite. Plagioclase-bearing peridotite represents the low melt–rock ratio end member where pyroxene is only partially replaced by olivine and melt, whereas dunite is expected to form where melts overwhelm and consume all other phases. This study confirms that under nominally anhydrous conditions, the gabbro–wehrlite–plagioclase-peridotite sequence can be formed by reaction between basalt and lherzolite and subsequent crystallization at intermediate to low pressures. Melt–rock reaction is a fundamental process in the formation of new crust at the shallowest part of the melting column where pyroxene-undersaturated melts percolate through depleted peridotite.     

东南极拉斯曼丘陵长英质片麻岩的深熔作用与铁钛氧化物的聚集机制

东南极拉斯曼丘陵高级变质长英质岩石中铁钛氧化物的局部聚集与高级变质作用过程中的深熔作用有关,并非原岩富集这些组分。深熔作用造成惰性组分如铁钛氧化物滞留原地或略有聚集及活动性组分的迁移,而流体挥发组分优先聚集于熔体之中。当体系中水含量较低、处于不饱和状态时,深熔作用过程中形成局部"熔体",其结晶所成的浅色体不具低共结组分,没有熔体结晶结构,不是真正的熔体,可能是(准)熔体。较粗粒的浅色体或伟晶岩也是与深熔作用有关的产物,其形成早于花岗岩脉或岩体,而与花岗质岩浆分异无关。伴随(准)熔体的出现,体系中组分的萃取、分异效果较为明显,即可造成组分分异,形成截然不同的异地、二相分异结构,分别形成固相残留物(组成可以不固定)和(准)熔体相。固相残留体中富铝、铁组分,形成矽线石和铁钛氧化物团块,其中少或无挥发分;与此对应,短距离迁移浅色体中往往贫铁钛组分,可见石榴子石、偶见铁钛氧化物矿物。这种挥发分不饱和状态下的深熔作用基本属于封闭体系,整体失水不显著,高级变质岩中的一些特征矿物如矽线石、石榴子石、堇青石、尖晶石的形成也与这种分异作用有关,但组分迁移范围有限,并可保存组分分异各阶段的产物。拉斯曼丘陵长英质岩系中大量铁钛氧化物和矽线石类矿物组合的形成,反映了临界状态下的局部或差异抬升,变形作用的非均匀性及相伴随的组分分异作用,很可能相当于早期格林维尔期构造的泛非期再活动。      

On the Origin of High-Alumina Arc Basalt and the Mechanics of Melt Extraction

Most models of high-alumina arc basalt petrogenesis rely heavilyon the supposition that the abundances of certain trace elements,in particular the relatively unfractionated Rare Earth Element(REE) patterns and the unusually high concentrations of K, Rb,Sr, and Ba are incompatible with a garnet-bearing subductedoceanic crustal (quartz eclogite) source rock. We have carefullyexamined this apparently unequivocal evidence in light of recentprogress on the physics of melt extraction and the heat transferand mechanics of magma ascent. The weakest element of all traceelement models involving a quartz eclogite source is the assumptionthat the element concentrations are fixed at the source andonly later modified in the near-surface environment. We expandon such models by monitoring the concentrations of REE and majorand trace elements during initial melting, ascent, and extractionof magma. This is done by combining calculated cooling curvesfor ascending magmatic bodies with high pressure phase equilibria.The amount that each phase contributes to the melt is monitoredalong with the composition of the melt and residual solids.With quartz eclogite, initial melting initiates gravitationalinstability of the entire source material (melt plus solids)before melt extraction can occur. During ascent of this mush,melting increases until the solids can be repacked to free themelt. This extraction takes place some 15–20 km abovethe slab, after about 50 per cent melting, at which point themelt has a pattern of REE and other trace element concentrationsalmost identical to those observed in high-alumina arc basalts,assuming an initial composition equivalent to altered oceaniccrust plus 5 per cent pelagic sediment. Sr abundances are theonly ones which are not well-matched by this process. The majorelement concentrations of the extracted melt also closely matchthose of high-alumina arc basalt. A similar, but less detailedevaluation of both fertile and depleted peridotite source rocksyields good agreement for the REE and other trace element concentrationsassuming a LREE-enriched source rock strongly enriched in K,Rb, Sr, and Ba. Ni, Cr, and Co abundances are satisfied onlythrough substantial low pressure fractionation of mafic phases,in particular olivine. Though not rigorously tested, such aprocess may be compatible with the observed major element concentrationsof high-alumina basalt. However, the experimentally verifiedfact that high-alumina basalts could never have been in equilibriumwith either an olivine-bearing magma or source rock eliminatesthis possibility altogether. Thus, the simultaneous considerationof the mechanics of ascent and melt extraction along with phaseequilibria clearly shows that partial melting of quartz eclogitebest satisfies the chemical constraints of major, trace, andREE characteristics of high-alumina arc basalts.     

Weathering of a quaternary glass-rich basalt in Bakrit,Middle Atlas Mountains,Morocco. Comparison with a glass-poor basalt

We compared the disintegration processes and mineralogic and chemical evolution pathways of two Quaternary basalts at Bakrit and Ifrane, weathered in the same physiographic and hydrologic conditions, but differing in texture according to the quantity of glass present. At Bakrit, quite abundant glass favoured the formation of a microfissure network throughout the rock and its disintegration without any distinct weathering front. As a result, basaltic sand with polymineral grains and a clayey-silty matrix were produced. At Ifrane, weathering of a glass-poor basalt produced only a clayey-silty saprolite. In glass-rich basalts, secondary minerals formed in microfissures and were 2/1 clay-mineral rich. In glass-poor basalts, secondary minerals formed mainly within primary minerals and were 1/1 clay-mineral rich. Because glass could be easily dissolved, it protected the minerals of close chemical composition, especially the plagioclases. The order of basalt-mineral weathering (olivine, labrador, augite, Fe-Ti oxides) was modified when glass was abundant (glass, olivine, augite, labrador, Fe-Ti oxides).     

Mineralogy,petrology and chemistry of lithic fragments from Luna 20 fines: origin of the cumulate ANT suite and its relationship to high-alumina and mare basalts

Bulk analyses of 157 lithic fragments of igneous origin and analyses of their constituent minerals (plagioclase, pyroxene, olivine, Mg-Al spinel, chromite, ilmenite, armalcolite, baddeleyite, zirkelite, K-feldspar, interstitial glass high in SiO₂ and K₂O) have been used to characterize the lunar highland rock suites at the Luna 20 site. The predominant suite is composed of ANT (anorthositic-noritic-troctolitic) rocks, as found at previous Apollo and Luna sites. This suite consists of an early cumulate member, spinel troctolite, and later cumulate rocks which are gradational from anorthosite to noritic and troctolitic anorthosite to anorthositic norite and troctolite; anorthositic norite is the most abundant rock type and its composition is close to the average composition for the highland rocks at this site. Spinel troctolite is a distinctive member of this suite and is characterized by the presence of Mg-Al spinel, magnesian olivine (average, Fo₈₃), and plagioclase. High-alumina basalt with low alkali content is another important rock type and melt of this composition may be parental to the cumulate ANT suite. Alkalic high-alumina basalt (KREEP) was not found in our sample, but may be genetically related to the ANT suite in that it may have formed by partial melting of rocks similar to those of the ANT suite. Fractional crystallization of low alkali, high-alumina basalt probably cannot produce alkalic high-alumina basalt because the enrichment in KREEP component is many times greater than the simultaneous change in major element components. Formation of alkalic high-alumina basalt by mechanical mixing of ANT rocks with very KREEP-rich components is not likely because the high-alumina basalt suite falls on a cotectic in the anorthiteolivine-silica system. Mare basalts may also be genetically related in that they may have been derived by remelting of rocks formed from residual liquids of fractional crystallization of parental low-alkali, high-alumina basalt, plus mafic cumulate crystals; the resultant melt would have a negative Eu anomaly and high $\text{Fe}\text{Mg}$ and $\text{pyroxene}\text{plagioclase}$ ratios.     

高温高压条件下闪长岩部分熔融产物的反常现象

为了考察岩石熔融过程中熔体成分的变化规律,以细粒闪长岩为样品,进行了不同熔融程度的实验研究。通过对熔体成分的分析,得出以下结论:在初始熔融条件下,熔体的成分为玄武质,随着熔融程度的增高,熔体的成分由基性向中酸性,由富钾向富钠,由强碱性向亚碱性方向演化。