青藏高原冈底斯岩浆弧的分带性及其地质意义

冈底斯岩浆弧中段岩浆岩明显可分为相对集中又有所套叠的南北2个岩带.公穷松多-郎那花岗岩带位置略偏南,被晚期旋回林子宗群火山岩不整合覆盖.岗在-青都花岗岩带位置略偏北,带内各岩体均侵入于林子宗群火山岩.公穷松多岩带(早期旋回)从晚侏罗世开始,至晚白垩世早期结束;青都岩带(晚期旋回)从晚白垩世晚期开始,至始新世结束.2个岩带岩石分别从俯冲型产物开始,至后碰撞型产物结束,为2个较完整的岩浆旋回,暗示雅鲁藏布江构造带构造演化历程的复杂性.     

冈底斯中段厅宫地区林子宗火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄和地球化学特征

林子宗火山岩事件是印度-亚洲大陆主碰撞过程的火山作用响应,对冈底斯带的构造演化具有重要意义。在冈底斯中段厅宫地区通过系统的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年,获得林子宗群典中组底部、年波组上部和帕那组顶部的火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄分别为(66.4±0.35)Ma、(53.6±1.5)Ma和(45±0.6)Ma。对林子宗火山岩的岩石地球化学分析表明,该火山岩具弧火山岩特征,早期表现出陆缘弧火山岩的特点,至中期年波旋回钾玄岩出现,标志着陆内岩浆作用的开始,到晚期帕那旋回则显示出陆壳重熔和地壳加厚的特征,记录了新特提斯洋消减俯冲到陆陆碰撞的地质信息。     

福建省漳浦复式岩体谱系单位划分及其地质意义

漳浦复式岩体是一个主要由辉石闪长岩、石英(二长)闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、正长花岗岩及晶洞碱长花岗岩组成的大型中生代复式岩体。通过详细的室内外调查研究,根据侵入体之间及其与围岩的接触关系、岩石的矿物成分及岩石化学、结构构造、地球化学等特征,以成分演化单元为基本单位,漳浦复式岩体可划分出早侏罗世—晚白垩世共16个基本单元,归并为古美山、漳浦、漳洲3个超单元及4个独立单元。R1R2图解及巴尔巴林岩浆构造分类,漳浦复式岩体中各超单元(单元)侵入岩分别形成于不同的构造环境。据岩浆演化及其与区域构造演化的关系,该复式岩体是早侏罗世、晚侏罗世、晚侏罗世晚期—早白垩世、早白垩世及晚白垩世等5个构造—岩浆活动旋回岩浆活动的产物。     

华南花岗质潜火山杂岩与富铀矿的成矿关系及找矿前景

本文探讨了华南地区火山岩型或花岗岩型富铀矿，与岩浆旋回晚期的构造－岩浆活动的关系，火山岩型富铀矿离不开大规模火山活动的晚期次火山活动，而花岗岩型富铀矿，则与主侵入晚期的中细粒，不等粒小岩体密切相关，经过长期研究，根据岩浆作用性质，将这套独具特色并与富铀矿的形成息息相关的岩定，定为花岗质潜火山杂岩。     

东北地区中生代火山岩形成的构造环境

东北地区中生代火山岩可划分为晚三叠世-早白垩世中期、早白垩世晚期及以后两个大旋回,和晚三叠世-中侏罗世、晚侏罗世-早白垩世中期、早白垩世晚期及以后三大期次.早期火山岩分布局限,主要分布于华北板块北缘(侧);中期火山活动强烈,并逐渐向北东方向迁移,是古亚洲洋构造域与滨西太平洋构造域叠加产物;晚期火山活动较弱,逐渐向东迁移,是滨西太平洋板块俯冲作用单一体制环境的产物.     

东北地区中生代火山岩形成的构造环境

东北地区中生代火山岩可划分为晚三叠世一早白垩世晚期及以后两个大旋回,和晚三叠世－中侏罗世、晚侏罗世－早白垩世中期、早白垩世晚期及以后三大期次,早期火山岩分布局限,主要分布于华北板块北缘（侧）;中期火山活动强烈,并逐渐向北东方向迁移,是古亚洲洋构造域与滨西太平洋构造域叠加产物;晚期火山活动较弱,逐渐向东迁移,是滨西太平洋板块俯冲作用单一体制环境的产物。     

福建紫金山矿田中生代岩浆岩演化序列研究

福建紫金山矿田中生代岩浆活动分为晚侏罗世和早白垩世二幕,第一幕为晚侏罗世(154~149 Ma)挤压环境下的岩浆活动,表现为壳源S型花岗岩紫金山复式岩体与才溪岩体的侵位,复式岩体具有154 Ma、150 Ma及149 Ma三次脉动;才溪岩体侵位时代约150 Ma。第二幕发生于早白垩世(125~93 Ma)构造拉张、地幔上涌的环境,岩浆活动共4期,形成一套 I 型花岗岩及共源异相的火山岩、次火山岩,为成矿提供了物源和热源。其中第1期为早白垩世火山喷发与岩浆超浅层就位,形成石帽山群下段的英安岩及紫金山次火山岩(125~118 Ma);第2期表现为石帽山群下段安山岩喷发与四方岩体的侵位以及英安玢岩的形成(109~103 Ma);第3期表现为石帽山群下段英安岩的喷发和罗卜岭—紫金山似斑状花岗闪长(斑)岩的侵位以及龙江亭、二庙沟附近的石英闪长玢岩的形成(103~100 Ma);第4期表现为晚期罗卜岭斑岩的侵位、石帽山群上段流纹岩的喷发和大岩里花岗斑岩岩脉、金铜矿的石英斑岩脉等成矿后期无矿脉岩的形成(100~93 Ma)。晚侏罗世、早白垩世两个岩浆系统各自形成共源岩浆异地异相分异演化的格局。     

中国东部中生代火山岩成因及其与太平洋板块运动关系

<正> 作为东亚一部分,中国东部自印支旋回以来进入滨太平洋构造域发展阶段,发生强烈岩浆活动和金属成矿作用。 中国东部中生代火山作用始于晚三叠世,在早-中侏罗世渐趋增强,于晚侏罗世—早白垩世达到最烈,并于早白垩世晚期起渐趋减弱,至晚白垩世接近尾声。 根据火山岩的分布、岩石组合、化学成分及受控构造,笔者将中国东部中生代火山岩分为三个北北东向火山岩带和一个东西向火山岩带(图1)。 西部火山岩带主要发育中酸性和酸性火山岩,平均成分为英安岩(SiO_267.97,Na_2O3.46,K_2O 3.89,里特曼指数σ     

西藏斑怒带尕尔穷、嘎拉勒铜金矿床成矿母岩岩石化学特征初步对比研究

尕尔穷铜金矿床、嘎拉勒铜金矿床大地构造位置位于冈底斯-念青唐古拉板片与南羌塘板片缝合带—斑公湖-怒江缝合带西段。伴随着中特提斯构造演化,该缝合带经历了晚三叠世-早侏罗世向北俯冲、中晚侏罗世早期-早白垩世向北、向南双向俯冲、晚白垩世碰撞缝合3个俯冲消亡阶段。在此期间该带南北岩浆及构造活     

浙西余杭、临安和富阳交界区中生代侵入岩年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义

浙西余杭、临安和富阳交界区中生代岩浆侵入活动频繁,发育有闲林、千家花岗闪长岩,拔山、长乐桥二长花岗(斑)岩,鹤山坞和朱村花岗岩,与成矿作用关系密切。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,中生代岩浆侵入活动分为晚侏罗世(152~147 Ma)、早白垩世早期(139~137 Ma)和早白垩世晚期(104~103 Ma)3个期次,分别对应于花岗闪长岩、二长花岗(斑)岩、花岗岩的成岩时段,即由早期至晚期,岩性具花岗闪长岩→二长花岗(斑)岩→花岗岩的演变规律,与岩石HREE和LREE/HREE分异程度逐渐减弱的地球化学特征一致。余临富交界区中生代中酸性侵入岩具有低TFeO/MgO(1.72~5.28)特征,且P_2O_5与SiO_2呈明显负相关关系,属"Ⅰ"型花岗岩,为地壳深熔和壳幔混合作用的产物。研究表明,晚侏罗世花岗闪长岩形成于太平洋板块俯冲的挤压环境,早白垩世早期二长花岗(斑)岩形成于后碰撞挤压背景向伸展背景的转换阶段,而晚期花岗岩则形成于持续伸展扩张的构造环境。余临富交界区成岩时代与区域晚侏罗世(164~145 Ma)、早白垩世早期(139~135 Ma)和早白垩世晚期(109Ma左右)的3期成矿时代具有较好的一致性,显示了良好的找矿前景。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

Global repeating events in the history of the Earth and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy

Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated.     

摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨

通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。     

从榴辉岩与围岩的关系论苏鲁榴辉岩的形成与折返

位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

On the consistency of proposed models for the Pyrenees with the structure of the eastern parts of the belt

The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time.     

Paleomagnetic implications on the evolution of the tethys belt from the atlantic ocean to the pamirs since the triassic

We first re-examined the apparent polar wander curves for stable Eurasia and Africa since the Triassic. These curves were then combined together with curves of North and South America according to the kinematics of the Atlantic ocean and a synthetic polar wander curve was given. Then, most of the paleomagnetic results from the Tethys mobile belt, from the Atlantic to the Pamirs, were analysed.Several groups of plates, microplates and blocks can be seen. First, relatively stable regions like Maghreb and Sicily, which have not moved much. Then we have a group formed by Iberia, Sardinia, Italy and, to a lesser extent, Corsica and the Western and Central Alps. For these blocks, movements are anticlockwise rotations chiefly driven by the anticlockwise rotation of Africa, but they are sometimes stronger.To the east, a major change takes place. The north of the Aegean Sea and the Ionian zone are clockwise rotated and these rotations are recent: Oligocene-Miocene for the first part, Pliocene to the present for the second part.A major problem arises in Turkey, Caucasus and Iran. Paleomagnetic results indicate a position far to the south of Eurasia, and, at the same time, geological evidence is in favour of a position close to Eurasia. We discuss these discrepancies.