苏东北多期A型花岗岩及其成岩构造环境

江苏东北部地区有宋山、牛山和踢球山3种A型花岗岩（类）。其中宋山岩体属A1亚型花岗岩类，形成于晋宁期苏胶造山带同造山的郯庐走滑断裂带的拉张环境；牛山岩体属A2亚型花岗岩，形成于震旦期苏胶造山带碰撞造山后的拉张环境；踢球山岩体属A1－A2过渡亚型花岗岩，形成于燕山期苏胶造山带陆内造山后和郯庐断裂带的拉张环境。     

苏胶造山带多机制造山模式

苏胶造山带是多机制造山作用形成的复合造山带,它经历了中新元古代威尔逊旋回之后,于三叠纪发生了非威尔逊旋回的再造山作用。它主要是三叠纪再造山作用末期怕陆内对冲造山带。并且,苏胶造山带在威尔逊旋回和非威逊旋回之后,由于山根拆沉,山脉均出现大规模均衡１抬升、岩浆活动和上地壳的造盆成山作用。苏胶造山带的上述特征在中央山系及全球大陆造山带中具有一定的普遍意义。     

中国中、新生代板内变形速度研究

依据中国中、新生代１１８０３件岩浆岩常量元素化学全分析资料,采用Ｓｕｇｉｓａｋｉ的由岩石化学成分推算板块运动速度的方法,求得中国各构造时期板内缩短速度与扩张速度。印支、燕山与四川期板内平均缩短速度均在５４～５６ｃｍ／ａ,华北期稍小,为４５ｃｍ／ａ,喜马拉雅期在中国西部平均缩短速度又达５２ｃｍ／ａ,新构造期仅为２５～２８ｃｍ／ａ。在印支期—华北期,中国西南地区一直存在着扩张速度较低（０２～１６ｃｍ／ａ）的特提斯洋。喜马拉雅期以来中国西南部进一步碰撞,青藏高原隆升,地壳缩短;而东部地区则普遍表现为微弱的扩张（０１～０６ｃｍ／ａ）。     

华北东部地形地貌的成因探讨

华北东部裂陷盆地西与太行造山带、北与燕山造山带、东与胶辽山地、南与大别造山带均构成盆—山耦合，即中心裂陷盆地与外围各造山带均为耦合关系。研究表明：中心裂陷与华北地幔亚热柱的形成密切相关，由于地幔亚热柱强烈上隆，在岩石圈底部受阻。使华北东部岩石圈发生热减薄—断陷。同时，向外拆离的地幔岩在盆地外围形成一系列次级隆起（太行、燕山、胶辽、大别造山带），即地幔热柱多级演化的第三级单元—幔枝构造。各幔枝构造（造山带）间具有明显的可比性，并共同与中心裂陷盆地构成盆—山耦合关系。     

盆山耦合关系的讨论——以洞庭盆地与周边造山带为例

根据地质、地球物理和地貌等资料,系统分析了洞庭盆地与雪峰、幕阜造山带之间的结构样式、变形特征及形成演化,认为该区中、新生代造山带与盆地之间存在极其明显的耦合关系:1)燕山早中期（晚侏罗世—早白垩世）,研究区的物源来自周边的山地,盆—山耦合所表现的只是地表高处剥蚀、低处堆积的填平补齐关系。2)燕山晚期的盆山耦合（晚白垩世早中期）,洞庭盆地的形成与当时雪峰、幕阜造山带后期的伸展塌陷构成盆山耦合现象,此期由于受到太平洋板块向欧亚大陆板块作斜向俯冲作用影响,造山带的快速隆升造成沿着扭张性断层的走向发育一系列的雁行断块,控制着盆地的发展,二者之间形成耦合作用。3)早喜马拉雅期（晚白垩世晚期—早第三纪）,受张裂的大地构造环境的影响,盆内被强烈的伸展变形,箕状断陷盆地的特征更加明显,湖盆扩大。4)晚喜山期（晚第三纪—第四纪）,自渐新世喜马拉雅运动主幕以来,雪峰、幕阜造山带总体表现为弱挤压—压扭造山隆升及逐渐被剥蚀,并为洞庭盆地晚第三纪—第四纪坳陷型沉积提供物源。      

造山带前陆盆地与造山逆冲隆升作用的对应关系

造山带前陆盆地与造山逆冲隆升作用的对应关系王国灿（中国地质大学，武汉，４３００７４）造山带前陆盆地介于造山带与稳定克拉通间的过渡位置，其中的沉积地层层序反映了相邻造山带自上而下的剥蚀顺序，因而成为造山过程最完整的沉积记录。最近一些年来，许多学者根据盆...     

大别造山带与沿江中新生代盆地的耦合过程

结合对大别造山带地质构造的认识,并从盆山关系统一观点出发,侧重研究沉积盆地的形成、演化、属性及其特征,论证了大别造山带与沿江中新生代沉积盆地的盆山耦合过程。将大别造山带与沿江中新生代盆地从中三叠世至新近纪划分出五个耦合过程,反映了从同碰撞挤压逆冲造山相耦合过程至挤压―压扭造山隆升的耦合过程。     

喜马拉雅的隆升及其沉积反应研究新进展

综述了喜马拉雅造山带沉积反应研究的新进展,通过研究认为喜马拉雅的隆升历史是：１８－１７Ｍａ主要平等互利或开始,１０．９－７．５Ｍａ和０．９Ｍ至现今为两次隆升高峰期,在８Ｍａ左右已隆升到接近于目前的高度;     

川西前陆盆地侏罗纪构造层序地层格架内沉积充填特征

为了研究侏罗纪龙门山造山带与川西前陆盆地盆山关系,以侏罗系3个构造层序(TS1~TS3)体系域(BE, BW)为研究的基本单元,通过对川西前陆盆地构造层序充填特征的研究发现:龙门山造山带构造运动与沉积盆地的构造层序充填特征吻合较好,并且龙门山造山带北段,中段,南段在各期次构造活动中活动情况具有差异。TS1BE期,川西前陆盆地北部和南部地区都发育有冲积扇-扇三角洲沉积,中部地区为三角洲沉积,显示该期龙门山造山带北段和南段构造活动可能较为剧烈,中段相对较平缓。TS1BW期,川西前陆盆地北部和南部地区都以湖泊沉积为特征,仅在川西前陆盆地中部地区发育有三角洲沉积,显示本期龙门山造山带构造活动不发育,较为平稳。TS2BE期,川西前陆盆地北部和南部地区自西而东为冲积扇,三角洲—滨湖、浅湖沉积环境,中部地区为三角洲沉积,显示龙门山造山带又一次剧烈隆升,且北段和南段活动较为剧烈,中段相对较弱。TS2BW期,层序充填结构表明龙门山造山带北段和中段活动情况再次趋缓,但南段构造活动仍然较为活跃。TS3BE期,川西前陆盆地北部和南部地区发育有冲积扇沉积,中部则以三角洲-湖泊沉积为特征,显示该期龙门山造山带北段和南段都发生了较为剧烈的构造隆升运动,龙门山造山带中段,构造活动相对较为平缓。TS3BW期,龙门山造山带北段和中段构造活动减弱,南段活动持续加剧,于芦山两河口地区沉积有巨厚的冲积扇沉积物。     

苏北榴辉岩变质变形模式与苏胶造山带的隆升机制

苏北榴辉岩经历５期以上变质变形作用,其中至少有两期以上为高压变质变形作用,ｐ—ｔ轨迹呈顺时针方向旋转。榴辉岩形成后,随着地体的反弹、推覆,于印支期末迅速回返到中地壳,再经燕山期—喜山期区域隆升和拉伸折返,最终剥露于现代侵蚀面。苏胶造山带至少经历了晋宁期、印支期和燕山期３次以上的造陆或造山运动     

桐柏地区银多金属矿成矿地质特征及成矿规律

桐柏地区银多金属矿形成于北秦岭造山带燕山晚期伸展构造环境下前陆盆地发生阶段。成矿物质主要来源于地层建造。赋矿构造为层间剥离断层及顺层正断层。燕山晚期花岗岩、花岗斑岩为成矿的热动力条件 ,并提供了部分成矿物质。矿床具一般热液矿床的特点 ,形成于天水一岩浆循环系统。     

LA–ICP–MS U–Pb zircon geochronology, geochemistry and kinetics of the Wenquan ore-bearing granites from West Qinling, China

Many hydrothermal Cu–Mo–Au deposits related to granitoid intrusives were recently discovered in the West Qinling Orogenic Belt (WQOB). These deposits were mainly formed during the late Indosinian epoch (ca. 214 Ma), and the regional geological setting of Cu–Mo ore formation in WQOB during this epoch is poorly understood until now. This paper describes the geochronology and geochemistry of the Wenquan ore-bearing pluton, a composite granite body, to study the geologic background of magmatic emplacement and ore formation. The Mo mineralisation occurs at the contact between a fine-grained biotite monzogranite and a medium- to fine-grained porphyritic monzogranite. Zircon ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages of 223 ± 3 Ma (biotite monzogranite) and 225 ± 3 Ma (porphyritic monzogranite) were obtained. Geochemical analyses show that the Wenquan pluton is a high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonite series rock with relatively high LREE and low HREE and a moderate to weak negative Eu anomaly. Relatively negative anomalies of Ba, Ti, P, Nb, Ta also exist. These results imply that the Wenquan pluton was emplaced during a transitional process (from collision to extension) between the Yangtze Craton and North China Craton. During the later Indosinian epoch, the East Qinling Orogenic Belt (EQOB) and WQOB had similar tectonic settings, and intensive magmatic activity and Mo mineralisation occurred. The EQOB was then involved in the Mesozoic subduction of the Pacific plate, and its subsequent tectonic evolution was different from that of the WQOB.     

Tectonic Framework and Deep Structure of South China and Their Constraint to Oil‐Gas Field Distribution

South China could be divided into one stable craton, the Yangtze Craton (YzC), and several orogenic belts in the surrounding region, that is the Triassic Qinling-Dabie Orogenic Belt (QDOB) in the north, the Songpan-Garzê Orogenic Belt (SGOB) in the northwest, the Mesozoic-Cenozoic Three-river Orogenic Belt (TOB) in the west, the Youjiang Orogenic Belt (YOB) in the southwest, the Middle Paleozoic Huanan Orogenic Belt (HOB) in the southeast, and the Mesozoic-Cenozoic Maritime Orogenic Belt (MOB) along the coast. Seismic tomographic images reveal that the Moho depth is deeper than 40 km and the lithosphere is about 210 km thick beneath the YzC. The SGOB is characterized by thick crust (>40 km) and thin lithosphere (<150 km). The HOB, YOB and MOB have a thin crust (<40 km) and thin lithosphere (<150 km). Terrestrial heat flow survey revealed a distribution pattern with a low heat flow region in the eastern YzC and western HOB and two high heat flow regions in the TOB and MOB respectively. Such a “high-low-high” heat flow distribution pattern could have resulted from Cenozoic asthenosphere upwelling. All oil-gas fields are concentrated in the central part of the YzC. Remnant oil pools have been discovered along the southern margin of the YzC and its adjacent orogenic belts. From a viewpoint of geological and geophysical structure, regions in South China with thick lithosphere and low heat flow value, as well as weak deformation, might be the ideal region for further petroleum exploration.     

西南三江造山带火山岩—构造组合及其意义

岩石构造组合是指表示板块边界或特定的板块内部环境特征的岩石结合。中国西南“三江”造山带的火山岩可划分为五种火山岩－构造组合：洋脊型／准洋脊型组合，岛弧及陆缘弧组合，碰撞型组合，碰撞后组合及陆内拉张型组合。阐述了各种火山岩－构造组合的特点及构造含义。对在造山带火山岩岩石－构造组合分析中经常遇到的一些问题，如“构造岩片”研究方法、地球化学判别图解的使用条件、准洋脊型火山型组合的构造含义、蛇绿岩带－火山弧的成对性、岩浆作用的同步性和滞后性、以及火山岩的深部“探针”作用等问题进行了讨论。     

Tectonic Framework and Deep Structure of South China and Their Constraint to Oil-Gas Field Distribution

South China could be divided into one stable craton,the Yangtze Craton (YzC),and several orogenic belts in the surrounding region,that is the Triassic Qinling-Dabie Orogenic Belt (QDOB) in the north,the Songpan-Garz(?) Orogenic Belt (SGOB) in the northwest,the Mesozoic-Cenozoic Three- river Orogenic Belt (TOB) in the west,the Youjiang Orogenic Belt (YOB) in the southwest,the Middle Paleozoic Huanan Orogenic Belt (HOB) in the southeast,and the Mesozoic-Cenozoic Maritime Orogenic Belt (MOB) along the coast...     

河南南召盆地上三叠统碎屑岩地球化学特征及物源示踪

三叠纪是秦岭造山带全面碰撞造山的关键时期,随着扬子、秦岭和华北板块分别沿勉略、商丹缝合带的汇聚拼合, 秦岭造山带逐渐形成并从板块构造体制向陆内造山体制转化,同时强烈的造山作用控制着周缘盆地的形成与演化。文章通 过研究区的碎屑岩元素地球化学分析,对河南南召盆地上三叠统的物源区及构造背景特征进行探讨。结果表明,上三叠统 源岩成分主要为上地壳长英质火山岩;源岩经历了中等的化学风化强度,校正后CIA值指示其形成于温暖潮湿的气候和相 对较强的构造活动环境;太山庙组源区构造背景主要为大陆岛弧与活动大陆边缘,太子山组源区构造背景主要为大陆岛弧 与被动大陆边缘。根据南召盆地近源沉积特征和秦岭造山带构造演化过程推断,秦岭造山带和华北南缘是南召盆地晚三叠 世的重要物源区,前期太山庙组物源主要由北秦岭隆升基底提供,后期太子山组物源可能来自南秦岭、北秦岭和华北南缘 沉积再循环。南召盆地上三叠统物源区的转变是晚三叠世秦岭造山带逆冲推覆作用逐渐增强的体现,对研究恢复秦岭构造 带造山隆升过程和周缘盆地盆山系统演化具有重要的意义。     

Structural Characteristics and Formation Mechanism in the Micangshan Foreland,South China

Lying at the junction of the Dabashan,Longmenshan and Qinling mountains,the Micangshan Orogenic Belt coupled with a basin is a duplex structure and back-thrust triangular belt with little horizontal displacement,small thrust faults and continuous sedimentary cover.On the basis of 3D seismic data,and through sedimentary and structural research,the Micangshan foreland can be divided into five subbelts,which from north to south are:basement thrust,frontal thrust,foreland depression-back-thrust triangle,fore...     

TECTONICS OF THE DABIE OROGENIC BELT, CENTRAL CHINA

Tectonically the Dabie orogenic belt consists mainly of the Dabieshan Yanshanian uplifted zone and the Beihuaiyang Variscan-Indosinian folding zone. In the north boundary adjoining the North China Block, there are an Early Palaeozoic ophiolitic mixtite belt and the Hefei Mesozoic-Cenozoic faulted basin which overlaps on the suture belt. In the south of Dabie orogen, there is a secondary tectonic unit called Foreland thrust-faulted structural zone which was mainly formed by the intracontinental subductions during Mesozoic era. The study shows that the Dabie Block is a part of mid-late Proterozoic palaeo-island arc at the north margin of Yangtze Block. During Caledonian period, as a submerged uplift at the northen continental margin of Yangtze Block, the Dabie Block collided with the early Palaeozoic palaeo-island arc at the south margin of North China Block, resulting in the convergence of the North and South China Blocks and the disappearance of oceanic crust. Since then,large-scale intracontinental subductions were followed. Dabie Orogenic Belt is the product of overlapping of Yangtze Block, Dabie Block and North China Block under the mechanism of intracontinental subduction. Indosinian period is the period of chief deformation and high pressure dynamic metamorphism for Dabie Block, and Yanshan period is the main orogenic period in which the remelting of crust caused by basement shearing resulted in large scale thermometamorphism. The present tectonic framework of the orogen was finally formed by the rapid uplifting of the Dabieshan mountains and gliding southwards, which result in the developing of thrust belt on south side and the extensional tectonic movement on north side.     

冷湖五号燕山期叠瓦逆冲构造的发现

笔者通过钻井、电测、地震等资料的解释，在柴达木盆地冷湖五号背斜核部的下侏罗统中发现了叠瓦逆冲构造，并认为其形成于燕山运动晚期。该发现对认识本区燕山运动的性质和正确评价本区的石油及煤炭资源有重要意义。冷湖五号中新生代的构造发育历史可划分为5个阶段，即早株世伸展裂陷阶段、燕山晚期叠瓦逆冲构造发育阶段、早第三纪早期同生逆断层发育阶段、早第三纪晚期至晚第三纪中期背斜构造发育阶段和晚第三纪晚期至第四纪背斜构造改造阶段。     

TECTONICS OF THE DABIE OROGENIC BELT, CENTRAL CHINA

Tectonically the Dabie orogenic belt consists mainly of the Dabieshan Yanshanian uplifted zone and the Beihuaiyang Variscan-Indosinian folding zone. In the north boundary adjoining the North China Block, there are an Early Palaeozoic ophiolitic mixtite belt and the Hefei Mesozoic-Cenozoic faulted basin which overlaps on the suture belt. In the south of Dabie orogen, there is a secondary tectonic unit called Foreland thrust-faulted structural zone which was mainly formed by the intracontinental subductions during Mesozoic era. The study shows that the Dabie Block is a part of mid-late Proterozoic palaeo-island arc at the north margin of Yangtze Block. During Caledonian period, as a submerged uplift at the northen continental margin of Yangtze Block, the Dabie Block collided with the early Palaeozoic palaeo-island arc at the south margin of North China Block, resulting in the convergence of the North and South China Blocks and the disappearance of oceanic crust. Since then,large-scale intracontinental subductions were followed. Dabie Orogenic Belt is the product of overlapping of Yangtze Block, Dabie Block and North China Block under the mechanism of intracontinental subduction. Indosinian period is the period of chief deformation and high pressure dynamic metamorphism for Dabie Block, and Yanshan period is the main orogenic period in which the remelting of crust caused by basement shearing resulted in large scale thermometamorphism. The present tectonic framework of the orogen was finally formed by the rapid uplifting of the Dabieshan mountains and gliding southwards, which result in the developing of thrust belt on south side and the extensional tectonic movement on north side.