冕宁前寒武纪沉积岩的铕、铈异常特征及成因解释

冕宁尤黑木地区的前寒武纪沉积岩可分为碎屑沉积岩和化学沉积岩两类。前者具明显的负铕异常和不太明显的负铈异常;后者包括重晶石岩和碳酸盐岩,重晶石岩有较明显的负铕异常和负铈异常,碳酸盐岩具明显的负铈异常和不太明显的负铕异常。自碎屑沉积岩经重晶石岩至碳酸盐岩,稀土总量及负铕异常依次降低,负铈异常则明显增大,反映出铕、铈异常的负相关关系。     

北京地区中元古界下马岭组页岩地球化学特征及其地质意义

对采自北京地区中元古界下马岭组的页岩样品,进行了地球化学研究,结果表明:主量元素Al2O3、Ca O和Na2O含量明显偏低,K2O和Mn O含量稍微偏低,Si O2、Ti O2及Fe2O3T含量同上地壳基本一致。微量元素及其比值特征显示源岩为混合源岩。稀土元素总量较高,轻稀土富集、重稀土平坦,铕明显负异常、铈弱负异常,各样品稀土元素配分模式与大陆上地壳一致,显示了沉积物具有同源性。源岩为来自于内蒙古隆起的花岗岩类、闪长岩类及基性岩的混合。微量元素比值及铈弱负异常的特征表明中元古界下马岭组页岩为覆水较深的还原环境沉积,源区构造背景为大陆岛弧。     

西藏墨竹工卡县邦铺钼(铜)矿床辉钼矿稀土—微量元素特征及对成矿流体性质的指示

文章以西藏墨竹工卡县邦铺钼(铜)矿床辉钼矿为研究对象,采用高精度电感耦合等离子质谱( ICPMS)对辉钼矿进行了稀土和微量元素测试.测试结果显示辉钼矿具有轻稀土富集的右倾配分模式,轻重稀土内部分馏明显.辉钼矿稀土元素不同程度地出现铕负异常和铈负异常现象,分析得出其铕负异常可能是继承了成矿流体自身铕亏损的特征,而铈负异常...     

滇东南铝土矿床地球化学特征及成矿物质来源研究

滇东南地区铝土矿资源丰富。本文以滇东南沉积型铝土矿为对象,研究了铝土矿的地球化学特征,进而对其成矿物质来源进行了讨论。含铝岩系之中富含稀土元素、分散元素镓、黑色金属元素钛和稀土金属元素铌,均已达到工业开采要求。含铝岩系的稀土总量总体较高,但样品之间稀土总量差别较大;具中等程度的铕负异常;铈异常较为复杂,具铈正异常和铈负异常;稀土配分曲线均为向右倾斜的弱"V"字型曲线,斜率不等,反映稀土元素分馏程度不等;稀土配分曲线特征与下伏咸宁组灰岩的稀土曲线特征一致,说明含铝岩系与下伏威宁组灰岩关系密切。含铝岩系明显富集大离子亲石元素Li、U、高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Th、过渡元素V、Cr、Ti和分散元素Ga,其余元素则明显亏损。野外观察发现含铝岩系直接在风化壳上沉积,含铝岩系具复杂的铈异常和中等的Th/U比值(3~7)、高的Sr/Ba比值(1)以及高钛率值(3.41~44.02)。这些特征说明滇东南铝土矿的成矿物质主要来源于下伏威宁组灰岩风化形成的风化壳,沉积作用起到了对风化壳上成矿物质的改造作用。     

青海同仁双朋西金铜矿矿床地质特征及矿床成因

在翔实的野外工作基础上,对青海省同仁县双朋西金铜矿床矿石与围岩的微量元素、稀土元素、流体包裹体和同位素地球化学特征展开了系统研究。研究结果表明,金矿石和花岗闪长岩的稀土元素配分模式具有相似性,均为轻稀土元素富集型,具负铕异常,基本上无铈异常,暗示它们之间存在成因联系;成矿流体为中高温、低盐度、中等密度、中等压力流体,且以含碳质为特征;铅、硫同位素结果均反映出成矿物质主要来源于深源。据此认为区内矿化是与中高温岩浆热液作用有关的矽卡岩型金铜矿化,属于印支-燕山期同一构造-岩浆作用的产物。     

新疆西天山松湖铁矿床稀土和微量元素地球化学特征及其意义

松湖铁矿床位于新疆西天山阿吾拉勒成矿带中段,赋存于石炭系大哈拉军山组火山-沉积岩系中。矿体呈似层状、透镜状,主要受近EW向、NWW向高角度逆断层控制。矿石主要呈块状、条带状、团块状构造,结构主要为半自形-他形粒状;矿石矿物主要为磁铁矿,其次为赤铁矿、黄铁矿及黄铜矿,脉石矿物主要为钾长石、绿泥石、方解石、绿帘石及阳起石等。围岩蚀变发育,在垂向和水平方向上具有分带性。矿区围岩是阿吾拉勒地区早石炭世岛弧火山岩的组成部分,不同岩性具有类似的稀土元素配分模式,均为轻稀土元素富集的右倾型,发育弱的负铈异常,中到弱的负铕或正铕异常。矿石中磁铁矿的∑REE值变化于20.75×10-6~65.41×10-6,配分模式为轻稀土元素富集的右倾型,发育中到弱的负铈及负铕异常。磁铁矿与围岩的稀土元素特征表明二者具有成因联系,与岛弧火山作用有关。磁铁矿微量元素特征表明成矿物质来源于深部,磁铁矿为火山热液交代成因。结合矿床地质特征,认为松湖铁矿床为海相火山热液型矿床。     

凤-太盆地硅质岩系地球化学特征及热水成矿效应

陕西凤(县)-太(白县)泥盆纪沉积盆地内硅质岩系分布广泛,硅质岩系的岩石组合主要为硅质铁白云岩、铁白云石硅质岩和硅质岩.其产状稳定,延伸较远,与区域矿产关系密切.通过野外观测、显微镜研究、等离子质谱及电子探针等分析,对盆地内八卦庙金矿和八方山铅锌矿成岩-成矿硅质岩系的硅质岩系常量、微量及稀土元素的地球化学特征进行了详细研究.结果表明,硅质岩系富含Fe、Mn,而贫K、Na和Ti,Fe2O3/FeO值小于1,为还原环境沉积形成;Fe、Ti、Mn和Al元素含量比值反映了其沉积位置为大陆边缘;硅质岩系中Pb、Zn和Cu富集明显,稀土元素具有总量低(12.10×10-6～40.46×10-6),轻重稀土元素分异较明显(2.34～8.68),球粒陨石标准化配分曲线呈右倾趋势,铈和铕均为中等负-弱正异常.硅质岩、铁白云石硅质岩和硅质铁白云岩中的铈异常变化规律反映了沉积环境由还原向氧化条件的系统变化特征.     

新疆蒙库铁矿床稀土元素地球化学及对铁成矿作用的指示

新疆富蕴县蒙库大型铁矿呈层状、似层状、透镜状赋存于下泥盆统康布铁堡组变质火山-沉积岩系中.矿体中发育矽卡岩,但矽卡岩并不产在侵入岩接触带上.绿帘石、石榴石和矿石的稀土配分模式具有相似性,均为轻稀土富集,正铕异常,基本上无铈异常,暗示它们之间存在成因联系.石榴石稀土配分模式呈折线型,具有明显的正铕异常,石榴石流体包裹体中熔融包裹体、熔流包裹体和气液包裹体共存,表明石榴石矽卡岩具有岩浆成因和热液成因的特征,形成于晶体 熔体 流体三相共存的岩浆-热液过渡阶段.矿床地质特征、矽卡岩矿物和矿石稀土特征表明蒙库铁矿为矽卡岩型矿床.     

贵州梵净山地区震旦系微量元素特征及沉积环境

为了详细研究梵净山地区震旦系沉积地球化学特征及沉积环境演化,笔者对该处永义剖面自下而上进行系统采样.样品分析结果表明该处剖面稀土元素呈轻稀土(LREE)富集,重稀土(HREE)亏损,铈总体上表现为亏损,垂向上逐渐变小,铕异常发生3次波动,表明该处震旦系沉积时总体上为氧化环境,局部沉积环境发生变化.而且陡山沱组底部"碳酸盐帽"稀土元素标准化分配模式不同于冷泉碳酸盐岩分配模式,表明两者处于不同的沉积环境,成因上无关.V/Cr、Ni/Co、U/Th及V/V Ni等微量元素比值均表明震旦系沉积时为总体上氧化环境,但垂向上仍有沉积环境及水体分层性的变化.     

太行山南段中生代侵入体微量元素地球化学及岩浆源区性质探讨

本文对在行山南中生代侵入岩体微量元素地球化学进行了系统研究,成果表明各类侵入岩的稀土配分模式均呈轻稀土富重稀土与亏损,且没有铕异常,认为这是由于岩石中副矿物中的负铕异常与主要矿物长石类矿物中高的正铕异常低消的结果,本文还探讨了岩浆源区的特点,认为为本区岩石多具幔壳混合来源（ＭＣ型）部分来自幔源（ＭＣ型）。     

Stratigraphy,age and petrography of the Beni Issef successions (External Rif; Morocco): Insights for the evolution of the Maghrebian Chain

In the Beni Issef Massif, nearly 30 km west of Chefchaouen (Morocco), the thickest post-nappe succession within the Rifian sector of the Maghrebian Chain seals the tectonic contact between the Intrarifian External Tanger and Loukkos Units, related to the Rifian External Domain. This succession is very important for the reconstruction of the deformation timing of the Rifian Maghrebids. The age of its base, in fact, is an important constraint for defining an upper boundary to the stacking of both the Intrarifian and Maghrebian Flysch Basin Units, because clasts fed by the Melloussa and Numidian Flysch Nappes are abundant in the conglomerate layers. Field and biostratigraphic analyses pointed out the presence of a Lower Beni Issef Fm, unconformable on the Intrarifian External Tanger and Loukkos Units, and an Upper Beni Issef Fm, unconformable on both the Intrarifian Units and the Lower Beni Issef Fm. The Lower Beni Issef Fm, 150 m thick, consists of lenticular conglomerates with huge blocks in a marly-clayey matrix, followed by marls and minor sandstones. It deposited in a siliciclastic platform, shows a fining upward trend and is affected by metre- to hectometre-sized, locally reversed, folds. Samples collected 45–50 m above the base of the formation resulted not older than Late Tortonian in age, but an older age for the base of the formation cannot be excluded. The Upper Beni Issef Fm, up to 550 m thick, starts with coarse conglomerates followed by medium- to coarse-grained well-bedded sandstones and by grey-blue marls and mudrocks. It indicates deposition in a channelized marine delta, with evolution towards pro-delta pelites, and shows sub-horizontal or gently dipping beds towards the east. Biostratigraphic data indicate a probable Messinian age for this formation. The composition of the arenites of both Lower Beni Issef and Upper Beni Issef Fms is quartzolithic and all samples show a notable content of monocrystalline well-rounded quartz and sedimentary lithic fragments. Detrital modes, all falling in the Quartzose Recycled and Transitional Recycled fields, suggest a provenance from recycling of sedimentary successions, easily recognizable in the Flysch Basin and External Units, mainly the Numidian Nappe sandstones. A Tortonian age of the Lower Beni Issef Fm would agree with the Late Serravallian age of the uppermost beds of the External Tanger Unit and indicate that the most probable age for the stacking of the Intrarifian Units falls in the Late Serravallian-Middle Tortonian time span. The Lower Beni Issef Fm was involved in a compressive tectonic phase testified by north-south striking folds. Later, probably during Messinian, the Upper Beni Issef Fm deposited in a younger intramontane basin, resting on both the Intrarifian Units and the Lower Beni Issef Fm. Successively, the Upper Beni Issef Fm was passively transported piggyback on top of the fold and thrust belt during later tectonic evolution of the Rifian Maghrebids. This tectonic evolution results quite similar to that recognized in the Tellian and Sicilian Maghrebids and also in the southern Apennines.     

MARINE SOURCE ROCKS AND THEIR DEPOSITIONAL CONDITIONS OF MESOZOIC—CENOZOIC IN THE GAMBA—TINGRE BASIN,SOUTH TIBET:ORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL STUDY

MARINE SOURCE ROCKS AND THEIR DEPOSITIONAL CONDITIONS OF MESOZOIC—CENOZOIC IN THE GAMBA—TINGRE BASIN,SOUTH TIBET:ORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL STUDY1　FuJiamo ,ShengGuoying ,XuJiayou,et.al.ApplicationofbiologicalmarkersintheassessmentofpaleoenvironmentsofChinesenon marinesediments[J] .OrganicGeochemistry ,1990 ,16 :76 9～ 779. 2　JenkynsHC .Cretaceousanoxicevents:fromcontinentstooceans[J] .JournaloftheGeologicalSociety ,1980 ,137:171～188. …     

论华南志留系对比的若干问题

<正> 中国志留系的划分与对比,始于20年代。李四光等(1924)和谢家荣等(1925)研究了三峡地区的志留系,将其全部划归下统。孙云铸(1943)从沉积旋迴角度提出了我国志留系划分的三个阶段,后又发现相应的笔石辅以佐证(孙云铸1957、洪友崇1958),将峡区的志留系分别与英国的 Llandovery,Wenlock和 Ludlow三个统对比。这个方案得     

川东北飞仙关组甲烷为主的TSR及其同位素分馏作用

川东北开江-梁平陆棚东北侧飞仙关组多孔鲕粒白云岩中发生了以甲烷为主的热化学硫酸盐还原作用(TSR),产生高达20%的H₂S;而西南侧鲕粒灰岩以低孔、低H₂S天然气为特征。东北侧白云岩主要发育白云石粒间溶孔或粒间扩大溶孔,这些溶孔可与方解石(δ¹³C=-10‰~-19‰)、储层沥青、元素硫、黄铁矿和石英紧密共生,可分布于片状储层沥青与白云石晶体之间,说明白云石溶解作用发生在沥青形成以后。白云石的溶解作用导致现今天然气以无机CO₂为主,δ¹³C_CO2主要介于-2‰~+2‰之间。这种溶解作用是在酸性条件下,硬石膏或天青石参与下发生的,可能先产生MgSO₄配对离子,而后MgSO₄又与甲烷反应产生H₂S,净增大了孔隙。研究还发现,普光气田及以东天然气的来源不同于河坝和元坝天然气;对普光气田及以东天然气分析显示,甲烷δ¹³C值与残余烃含量 之间存在对数相关关系。这表明TSR过程中,甲烷同位素分馏作用遵从封闭体系下瑞利分馏原理。据此计算显示,渡4井约有15%甲烷被氧化了。     

PALAEOMAGNETIC STRATIGRAPHIC STUDIES OF THE JURASSIC AND LOWER CRETACEOUS ROCKS FROM THE QIANGTANG BASIN, NORTHERN TIBET

The Qiangtang Basin located in northern Tibet is a Jurassic foreland basin, whereas the sedimentation for the arc\|basin system during the Late Triassic. Paleomagnetic sampling sites and sections include the Lower Jurassic section in Juhuashan, Shuanhu district, the Middle and Upper Jurassic section in Nadigangri Mountain and the Lower Cretaceous section in Abushan, Shuanhu district. The Lower Jurassic Nadigangri Fm. is composed of tuffaceous volcanic rocks and turbidite (lower) and purple clastic rocks. The Middle Jurassic consists of Quemocuo Fm. purple clastics , Buqu Fm. carbonates and Xiali Fm. gypsum\|bearing varicolored clastics.The Upper Jurassic includes Suowa Fm. carbonates and Xueshan Fm. purple clastics. The Lower Cretaceous Abushan Fm. is lacustrine clastics.1723 oriented paleomagnetic samples of Jurassic and Cretaceous strata were collected in 1997.The sampling sections is located in Shuanhu district of northern Tibet. Although it is unlikely that the sections studied formed by constant and continuous deposition, field evidence indicates no major breaks in the Jurassic sedimentation, except early Bajocian stage. Based on sections of actual survey, all sampling was done using a portable gas\|powered core drill, and cores were oriented with magnetic compass and inclinometer. Samples were obtained at common stratigraphic spacing of 0 5～5m, partly 5cm at some important geological boundary\|surfaces and beds/members. 25mm diameter and 20～50mm length paleomagnetic core samples were drilled in cropping field. The measuring of most samples was completed at the China Academy of Geosciences Paleomagnetic Laboratory using a type DSM\|2 digital rotational magnetometer (its sensitivity of reaching 10 -5 A/m) made by SCHONSTEDT Company of U.S.A., and SCHONSTEDT TSD\|1 for thermal demagnetization. The apparatus used for AF demagnetization was a commercial (SCHONSTEDT GSD\|5)instrument, capable of reaching 100mT peak field. 10% of total measuring samples were completed at the Beijing Geological Institute Paleomagnetic Laboratory of China Academy of Sciences using a type 2G\|755R magnetometer made by Superconducting Technology for weak magnetized samples (sensitivity of reaching 10 -8 A/m). Most samples were stepwise thermally demagnetized, at 50℃ intervals from 100 to 700℃.     

CSAMT和浅层地震在松辽盆地西南部铀矿勘查中的应用

浅层地震反射波法和可控源音频大地电磁测量在铀矿勘查中各有优缺点。为了提高矿勘查提的效率,本文介绍了以可控源音频大地测量(CSAMT)为主、浅层地震反射波法为辅的综合物探方法在松辽盆地西南部铀矿勘查中的应用实例。通过CSAMT和浅层地震联合测量解释两条控盆断裂,查明四方台组和明水组顶底界面埋深约200～400m,呈椭圆形北东向分布,由盆地边部向凹陷中心地层由薄变厚;工作区基底埋深约700～1000m,呈宽缓波浪状展布;并对两种方法进行了对比分析:当勘探深度大于700m时,浅层地震反射波法对地层划分、查明基底埋深和基底断裂效果更好。经钻孔验证表明,合理利用CSAMT与浅层地震联合方法在松辽盆地西南部铀矿找矿工作中具有可靠、经济的优势,具有较强的应用价值。     

Detrital modes and provenance of the Stilo-Capo d'Orlando Formation (Miocene), southern Italy

The Stilo-Capo d'Orlando Formation (SCO Fm) is a Miocene clastic unit nonconformably covering the basement of the southern portion of the Calabria-Peloritani Arc (CPA), a small-scale terrane which was accreted onto the Apennines-Maghrebides orogenic system during Neogene time. The SCO Fm is composed of conglomerate, sandstone and mudrock deposited in a marine environment through the action of gravity currents. Detrital modes of sandstones and conglomerates of the SCO Fm indicate a local provenance. In fact, petrological parameters can be matched directly with nearby basement lithologies. Two petrofacies with distinctive parameters are present. A northern petrofacies is predominantly composed of plutonic and low-grade metamorphic detritus, and was derived from the Serre massif, which is mostly made of late Hercynian plutons intruded into metasedimentary rocks. A southern petrofacies is mostly composed of metamorphic detritus and was derived from the Aspromonte and the Peloritani Mountains, which are predominantly composed of middle-to high-grade metamorphic rocks. Petrological results place important constraints on the geodynamic evolution of the CPA. According to several authors, the arc is composed of two sectors (microterranes) with different geological histories and partly composed of contrasting rock types, whose timing of juxtaposition is debated (Early Cretaceous against middle-late Miocene; that is, much before or soon after deposition of the SCO Fin). The SCO Fm crops out only in the southern sector of the CPA and does not contain any detritus derived from the northern sector, in spite of a favourable sediment palaeodispersal system. This fact indicates that the amalgamation of the two sectors probably took place after deposition of the SCO Fm.     

塔里木盆地北缘晚三叠世孢粉组合及三叠系-侏罗系界线

Ｄｉｃｔｙｏｐｈｙｌｉｄｉｔｅｓ－Ａｒａｔｒｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｐａｒａｔａｅｎｉａｅｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ组合分布在塔里木盆地北缘上三叠统黄山街组和塔里奇克组内,上亚组合属于晚三叠世晚期。根据孢粉组合将塔里木盆地北缘三叠系－侏罗系的界线划在塔里奇克组与阿合组之间     

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