塔里木盆地于奇地区三叠纪孢粉组合

对新疆塔里木盆地于奇地区钻孔中三叠纪泥岩孢粉的研究,以优势属建立了3个孢粉组合。下部Limatulasporites-Lundbladispora-Taeniaesporites组合产于柯吐尔组,蕨类植物孢子占优势成分,以具纹饰的三缝孢子及腔状三缝孢子为主,裸子植物花粉以具肋双气囊花粉为主,地质时代为早三叠世;中部Punctatisporites-Aratrisporites组合产于阿克库勒组,蕨类植物孢子以光面圆形三缝孢子和单缝孢类为优势成分,裸子植物花粉以无肋双气囊花粉为主,地质时代为中三叠世;上部Dictyophyllidites-Cyclogranisporites-Alisporites组合产于哈拉哈塘组,蕨类植物孢子常见光面三角形三缝孢子和具纹饰的三缝孢子,裸子植物花粉以无肋双气囊花粉为主,地质时代为晚三叠世。     

海南阳江盆地鹿母湾组孢粉化石的发现及其意义

首次在阳江盆地鹿母湾组上部层位采获孢粉化石,建立Pterisisporites-Classopollis-Exe-sipollenites组合,这以高含量的裸子植物花粉、稀少的蕨类植物孢子和未见被子植物共粉为特征。文中详细论述了组合中主要孢粉的地史分 ,主为本组合的地质时代为早白垩世中晚期。     

内蒙古大兴安岭地区下白垩统龙江组孢粉组合及其地质意义

本文系统报道了内蒙古呼伦贝尔市莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗鸽子山化石点下白垩统龙江组孢粉化石,共鉴定49属70种。孢粉组合中,裸子植物花粉占主要地位,主要为气囊分化不完善的“古老型”花粉,南洋杉科、松科、罗汉松科和苏铁类花粉占有一定比例;蕨类植物孢子占次要地位,主要为桫椤科孢子,石松科、海金沙科、卷柏科孢子有一定含量;被子植物花粉少量出现。依据组合面貌,将其命名为Cyathidites--Taxodiaceaepollenites--Tricolpopollenites组合。根据特征分子推断,该孢粉组合所指示的地质时代为早白垩世Aptian--Albian期。孢粉母体植物生态习性反映鸽子山地区早白垩世晚期的气候以温暖、湿润为主,并可能伴有季节性干旱。     

山东枣庄市曹庄找煤区中新生代地层划分与对比

枣庄市曹庄找煤区为中新生界掩盖的含煤区,盖层为侏罗—白垩系和古近系,因其颜色多以紫红、褐红色为主,故统称为"红层"。根据区内验1孔获得的孢粉资料,1-7层中孢粉组合以裸子植物花粉为主,蕨类植物孢子数量较少,其中裸子植物花粉中的松柏类花粉Monosulcites自下而上均有分布,Classopollis分子普遍发育,没有发现被子植物花粉,从第3层底部开始出现Aequitriradites、Pilosisporites,它们是早白垩世的典型分子,而1-2层孢粉组合中没有发现这些分子,由于上侏罗统与下白垩统为连续沉积,生物群面貌有很多相似之处,根据周边侏罗系发育特征,认为此段地层时代定为晚侏罗世?-早白垩世早中期;从8-12层孢粉组合面貌看,出现了相当数量的Ulmns和被子植物花粉如Rhus、Quercus、Loncera、Zelkova、Cedrus,特别是该组合中出现的古近纪中期—晚期的常见分子Rhus和Taxodiaceaepollenites,反映出古近纪中期—晚期孢粉组合面貌,符合Ulmns-Pteris孢粉组合面貌特征,由此推断此段地层时代应属古近纪始新世—渐新世。根据岩性特征及孢粉组合特征综合分析,红层自下而上主要由下白垩统青山组及古近系官庄群组成,钻孔揭露地层与周边地区地层岩性基本一致,可以进行对比。此结果对该区及相邻区域开展深部找煤工作具有一定的实际意义。     

宁波盆地早白垩世孢粉组合及古气候

宁波盆地早白垩世孢粉组合以裸子植物花粉占绝对优势(约75％),蕨类孢子其次,为24％左右,被子植物花粉极少,仅占0-2％,为Classopollis-Cicatricosisporites-Inaperturopollenites组合,其时代相当于早白垩世的Barremin-Aptian期,反映为热带、亚热带的热干气候。     

福建省古田小溪组早白垩世孢粉植物群

福建省古田小溪组下段含丰富的孢粉化石,其组合特征是以裸子植物花粉为主,蕨类植物孢子其次,被子植物花粉极少。主要成分有:Classopollis、Exesipollenites、Cicatricosisporites、Jugella、Tricolpopollenites等。它和中国南方白垩纪孢粉组合序列中的Classopollis-Cicatricosisporites-Tricolpoppllenites带相当。地质时代为早白垩世的巴列姆期。     

浙江长兴煤山D剖面早三叠世孢粉组合及全球对比意义

在长兴煤山D剖面下三叠统殷坑组14 m厚的地层内(第25-60层)密集采孢粉样89件, 从12块样品中获得孢粉化石47属50种, 据此将该剖面下三叠统底部的孢粉组合定为Lundbladispora-Taeniaesporites-Equisetosporites组合.组合中裸子植物花粉占优势, 为59.0%~79.6%;蕨类植物孢子次之, 为20.4%~41.0%;裸子植物花粉中以无肋双气囊类花粉为主, 含量为19.7%~54.4%, 多沟类花粉虽仅见Equisetosporites一属, 但含量高, 最高达24.3%.蕨类植物孢子中光面三缝孢类含量最高, 为14.3%~24.4%, 以圆形的Puncatisporites为主, 最高可达16.2%.孢粉组合Lundbladispora-Taeniaesporites-Equisetosporites与同一剖面的早三叠世牙形石第2带Isarcicella isarcica带及第3带Clarkina carinata-C.planata带相重合.这对当前正在进行的陆相二叠系-三叠系界线的准确划分提供了重要的参照系.研究还表明, 煤山D剖面早三叠世早期的孢粉组合与中国北方区的早三叠世同期的孢粉组合对比较为困难, 而与华南各地的对比较为吻合, 说明中国南、北方古生代孢粉组合向中生代孢粉组合转变的时间并不一致, 北方较早, 南方较晚.      

重庆云阳恐龙化石埋藏地新田沟组孢粉化石组合特征及意义

重庆云阳新田沟组恐龙动物群是四川盆地近年来新发现的恐龙动物群,动物群埋藏层位为新田沟组中上部.对云阳地区恐龙化石埋藏地新田沟组剖面自底到顶系统开展了孢粉化石采样分析工作,分析结果表明,新田沟组上部孢粉化石缺失,中下部孢粉化石含量丰富,裸子植物花粉在孢粉组合中占绝对优势,含量高达91.64％,苔藓、蕨类植物孢子含量较低,为8.36％,未见被子植物花粉.裸子植物花粉中以无气囊类为主,占孢粉组合的81.99％,蕨类植物以无环光面或近光面的三缝孢子为主,占孢粉组合的5.49％.孢粉组合特征表明,研究区新田沟组时代为中侏罗世早期,属于热带—亚热带半干旱—半潮湿气候区.     

琼西长坡—王五盆地鹿母湾组孢粉化石的发现及其意义

在研究区进行１∶５万区域地质调查时,于该区鹿母湾组中发现孢粉化石。其孢粉组合以蕨类植物孢子（４９．２８％）和裸子植物花粉（４７．８２％）为主,此外尚有少量被子植物花粉（２．９％）。该孢粉组合特征与广东、江苏、浙江等地早白垩世中晚期孢粉组合特征基本相似。据此可确认,本区鹿母湾组的地质时代应属早白垩世中晚期。     

甘肃民和盆地早白垩世孢粉植物群的古气候环境和地理分区位置

甘肃兰州西固附近下白垩统河口组上亚组含丰富的孢粉化石,孢粉组合以Piceaepollenites-Cicatricosisporites-Tricslpopollenites为代表,裸子植物花粉略占优势,蕨类植物孢子次之,被子植物花粉很少,地质时代为早白垩世晚期(Aptian-Albian)?该地层是迄今为止民和盆地所发现的下白垩统最高层位?当时民和盆地正处于植物非常繁盛的热带?亚热带区,前期气候较湿润,后期相对干旱?为我国传统植物地理分区的南方区混生过渡带,在数字分类的孢粉植物分区中处于北方区的西北-东北省?     

准噶尔盆地西南缘四棵树地区西山窑组孢粉组合及古气候意义

四棵树凹陷位于准噶尔盆地南缘西段乌苏市境内,蕴含丰富的油气和煤炭资源.由于匮乏化石证据,制约四棵树凹陷侏罗纪地层的地质时代的确定.对西山窑组沉积环境和孢粉分析研究,恢复重建了其古环境,探讨了本区中西山窑时期的植被演替及环境演变.西山窑组岩性以泥质细砂岩、浅灰绿色泥岩、粉砂岩、泥岩为主.通过对孢粉化石分析研究,建立了Cy...     

Palynological evidence for dating Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary sediments in the Bureya basin, Russian Far East

Palynological complexes from the coaliferous Talyndzhan and Dublikan formations of the Bureya sedimentary basin are analyzed. The palynological assemblage from the upper part of the Talyndzhan Formation is characterized by dominant gymnosperms largely close to Pinaceae and Ginkgocycadophytus. The content of ferns is insignificant against the background of their relatively high taxonomic diversity. The assemblage is marked by the last occurrence of Staplinisporites pocockii, Camptotriletes cerebriformis, C. nitida, and Cingulatisporites sanguinolentus spores typical of the Late Jurassic palynofloras. The palynological assemblage from the Dublikan Formation is dominated by Pteridophyts representing mainly by Cyathidites and Duplexisporites. In addition to the conifer, the role of Classopollis increased among the gymnosperms in this assemblage. It also includes the first-appearing Stereisporites bujargiensis, Neoraistrickia rotundiformis, Contignisporites dorsostriatus, Duplexisporites pseudotuberculatus, D. rotundatus, Appendicisporites tricostatus, and Concavissimisporites asper. These sporomorphs are characteristic of the Berriasian palynofloras. Thus, the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary is most likely located between the Talyndzhan and Dublikan formations.     

新疆四棵树地区西山窑组孢粉组合及古气候意

四棵树凹陷位于准噶尔盆地南缘西段乌苏市境内,蕴含丰富的油气和煤炭资源。由于匮乏化石证据,制约四棵树凹陷侏罗纪地层的地质时代的确定。对西山窑组沉积环境和孢粉分析研究,恢复重建了其古环境,探讨了本区中西山窑时期的植被演替及环境演变。西山窑组岩性以泥质细砂岩、浅灰绿色泥岩、粉砂岩、泥岩为主。通过对孢粉化石分析研究,建立了Cyathidites minor—Osmundacidites —Cycadopites—Disacciatrileti（COCD）孢粉组合。组合中蕨类植物孢子与裸子植物花粉含量大体相当,蕨类植物孢子以紫萁科的Osmundacidites为主,桫椤科孢子也有一定含量,其他常见分子包括Deltoidospora、Neoraistrickia等,裸子植物以松柏类两气囊花粉含量为主,均为我国侏罗纪常见属种。通过对西山窑组孢粉植物群的分析,认为西山窑组孢粉组合时代属于中侏罗世早期,该孢粉植物群总体上反映了温暖湿润的热带—亚热带气候特点,植被类型以针阔混交林为主。     

Palynological assemblages of non-marine rocks at the Permian–Triassic boundary, western Guizhou and eastern Yunnan, South China

Marine and non-marine facies of the Permian–Triassic boundary stratigraphic set (PTBST) are well developed in South China. Palynological assemblages enable subdivision and correlation of the Permian–Triassic boundary (PTB) rocks. Three palynological assemblages are recognized across the PTBST in two terrestrial PTB sections in western Guizhou and eastern Yunnan, South China. Assemblage 1 (Xuanwei Formation) is a Late Permian palynological assemblage dominated by ferns and pteridosperms, with minor gymnosperms. Most taxa are typical long-ranging Paleozoic forms, but the appearance of Lueckisporites confirms a Late Permian age for this assemblage. Assemblage 2 (PTBST) is marked by an abrupt decrease in palynomorph abundance and diversity, and thriving fungal/algal(?) spores. Assemblage 2 is still dominated by ferns and pteridosperms, with a few gymnosperms, but is characterized by a mixed palynoflora containing both Late Permian and Early Triassic elements. Most taxa are typical Late Permian ones also found in Assemblage 1, however, some taxa of Early Triassic aspect, e.g. Lundbladispora and Taeniaesporites, appeared for the first time. In Assemblage 3 (top Xuanwei Formation and Kayitou Formation), the proportion of gymnosperm pollen increases rapidly, exceeding that of ferns and pteridosperms, but the abundance of palynomorphs is still low. Typical Early Triassic taxa (such as Lundbladispora, Aratrisporites and Taeniaesporites) are present in greater abundance and confirms an Early Triassic age for this assemblage.     

A palynological and sedimentological study of Cretaceous floodplain deposits of the Atane Formation at Skansen and Igdlunguaq, Disko, West Greenland

A palynological and sedimentological study has been carried out on the Cretaceous fluvial and deltaic Atane Formation of West Greenland. Two localities, Skansen and Igdlunguaq on the southern coast of Disko island, have been studied. The sediments are divided into two genetic facies associations interpreted as representing deposition in fluvial channels and on a floodplain. The facies indicate that most of the sediments on the floodplain accumulated in swamps or shallow lakes, whereas abundant spores and pollen indicate the presence of vegetated land nearby. The palynomorph assemblages recovered consist of 72 species of spores and pollen grains of bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms. The palynomorphs from Skansen and most of those from Igdlunguaq indicate a maximum age-range from late Albian to Cenomanian for the successions sampled, although a mid Cenomanian age seems most likely. The highest horizon examined at Igdlunguaq may, however, be late Cenomanian or Turonian in age. The assemblages compare well with palynofloras from North America and Northwest Europe.     

内蒙古东部霍林河盆地霍林河组的年龄:来自锆石U-Pb测年和孢粉组合的证据

内蒙古东部霍林河盆地霍林河组是我国最重要的下白垩统含煤地层之一.该组产出大量不同种类且保存完好的植物化石,但因为缺乏海相沉积和火山岩夹层,我们对这套地层的精确年龄认知不足.我们最近在扎鲁特旗扎哈淖尔露天煤矿霍林河组发现了火山灰层,基于钻孔数据的地层分析显示该火山灰层位于霍林河组下含煤段的底部.二次离子质谱(SIMS)锆石U-Pb年代学研究得出的该火山灰层沉积年龄为125.6±1.0Ma(巴雷姆期晚期—阿普特期最早期),这一结果与激光剥蚀-等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)对同一样品分析得出的年龄一致.火山灰层保存的孢粉化石组合以裸子植物花粉和蕨类及苔藓的孢子为主,被子植物花粉非常稀少,且仅有棒纹粉Clavatipollenites 一种.这一孢粉组合支持火山灰层的年龄为巴雷姆期晚期至阿普特期最早期.本研究为认识整个霍林河组的年龄及火山灰层上覆地层保存的重要植物化石的最大年龄提供了重要数据.     

New palynological data about middle Jurassic sediments in northwest Moscow

This work presents the results of palynological study of the section of hole nos. 1 and 5, which were drilled in northwest Moscow. The samples were selected from clays and sands of the Kudinovskaya, Moskvoretskaya, and Velikodvorskaya series, as hole as from karst caverns. As a result, two palynological complexes of Bathonian-Callovian age were recognized. The Bathonian complex is characterized by the predominance of spores (61%) over pollen (35%), mainly ferns of the Gleicheniaceae family and lycopsid spores of Neorastrikia. The Callovian complex was identified in the sequence of the Velikodvorskaya serie. It differs distinctly from the Bathonian complex by the presence of Classopollis pollen, whose quantity reaches 15%.     

Early Cretaceous Palynological Assemblages of the Shuangliao Fault Depression, Songliao Basin and their Geological Implications

The pollen and spores found in the Early Cretaceous strata of two cores from the Shuangliao Fault Depression were studied systematically, and two palynological assemblages have been recognized. Assemblage Ⅰ from the Yingcheng Formation is named Paleoconiferus-Pinuspollenites; the assemblage is characterized by an extremely high content of Paleoconifer pollen. Assemblage Ⅱ from Member 1 of the Denglouku Formation is named Cicatricosisporites-Cyathidites-Pinuspollenites; the assemblage is characterized by the abundant presence of Laevigati spores, but less Paleoconifer pollen. According to the palynological data and zircon U-Pb dating, the geological age of the Yingcheng Formation is thought to be Aptian-Albian, and that of the Denglouku Formation is thought to be Early Albian. On the basis of the composition of each assemblage, we can infer that during the depositional period of the Yingcheng Formation, the paleovegetation was mainly conifer forest, the paleoclimate was consistent with the temperate climate of today, and the paleoenvironment was humid feature. During the depositional period of Member 1 of the Denglouku Formation, the paleovegetation was mainly conifer forest and shrubs, the paleoclimate was consistent with the subtropical climate of today, and the paleoenvironment was humid. The results significantly improve our understanding of the stratigraphy in the Shuangliao Fault Depression, provide biostratigraphic evidence for the division and correlation of Early Cretaceous strata in the Shuangliao Fault Depression, and provide new data for analyzing paleovegetation and paleoclimate in the Songliao Basin.