博乐盆地生油岩评价

博乐盆地及其周边地区存在四套生油层系,为石炭系生油岩、下二叠统生油岩、上二叠统生油岩和下、中侏罗统生油岩。石炭系生油岩在全盆地分布广泛,为基底生油岩,已处于高成熟—过成熟阶段,生油潜力很小,对盆地生油贡献甚微;下二叠统生油岩,处于成熟—高成熟阶段,为现实烃源岩;盆地南缘南山煤矿一带,曾是晚二叠世的凹陷区（其凹陷局限）,上二叠统生油岩已成熟;盆地西北缘的中、下侏罗统生油岩处于未成熟—低成熟阶段,为潜在烃源岩。据钻井、地震资料证实,盆地缺失上二叠统生油岩。只有下二叠统和下、中侏罗统生油岩是能给盆地作贡献的生油岩     

柴达木盆地北缘晚海西—印支期古构造应力分析

为了更好认识柴北缘晚海西—印支期古构造应力特征与演化过程,在天峻快日玛乡、城墙沟、石灰沟等地区详细野外观测的基础上,利用地层恢复和古构造应力反演技术对柴北缘及邻区石炭系—新生界构造观测数据进行分析。结果表明晚二叠世—中三叠世,柴北缘在南—北向挤压作用下向北俯冲碰撞,盆地内部上二叠—中三叠统缺失。晚三叠世开始,西秦岭斜向碰撞柴达木盆地,柴北缘进入造山阶段,所受挤压作用方向转变为北西—南东向,盆地内大范围缺失上三叠统。晚海西—印支期柴北缘内部二叠纪—三叠纪地层大面积剥蚀加之该期强烈挤压作用造成尕海南山石炭系与白垩系、旺尕秀煤矿石炭系与侏罗系之间的角度不整合,意味着下伏石炭系可能遭受强烈破坏。     

新疆二叠纪古地理

根据国际地科联（1989）地质年代表,二叠纪为290～245 Ma,划分方案采用传统的二分法。海相下二叠统的确定主要依据沉积相特征及腕足类及珊瑚等海相化石。石炭系与二叠系界线划在Pseudoschwagerina带的底界,原划为上石炭统康克林组及其相应的地层归入下二叠统底部。陆相上、下二叠统的确定是从开始出现盾籽类植物作为上统的底界1。1 早二叠世古地理1．1 北天山－准噶尔区 早二叠世大部分地区为陆相沉积区,呈独立的沉积盆地或处于被剥蚀状态。火山活动极为发育,具多旋回喷溢特征。海相沉积仅局限于北天山前,主体位于博格达至甘新边…     

银额盆地居延海坳陷吉格达凹陷石炭系—二叠系烃源岩生物标志化合物特征及其意义

生物标志化合物特征对烃源岩有机质来源、沉积环境及热演化程度等具有很好的指示意义。通过对吉格达凹陷蒙额参3井下二叠统—上石炭统干泉组、中下二叠统烃源岩气相色谱、气相色谱质谱等分析表明,下二叠统—上石炭统干泉组上段及中下二叠统烃源岩正构烷烃峰范围较宽,抽提物饱和烃组分中轻质组分要大于重质烃类,低碳数烃占据主导,萜类化合物以三环萜烷为主,四环萜烷含量较低。这些生物标志化合物特征表明,石炭系—二叠系烃源岩有机质母源以浮游生物为主,同时存在高等植物的贡献,石炭系水体更深,石炭系烃源岩浮游植物的贡献更大,陆源高等植物的贡献较小。OEP和CPI指示干泉组和中下二叠统烃源岩为奇偶均势的特点,指示干泉组和中下二叠统烃源岩处于成熟阶段,且石炭系干泉组烃源岩演化程度略高于中下二叠统。姥鲛烷(Pr)和植烷(Ph)的分布特征表明,干泉组上段烃源岩处于还原环境,中下二叠统烃源岩处于强还原-还原环境。     

专著《贵州南部早二叠世地层及其生物群》即将出版

继泥盆系一石炭系界线研究之后，贵州古生代地层研究中对石炭系一二叠系界线的划分及下二叠统内部的划分又有新的进展。新近，由贵州区调队肖伟民、王洪第、董文兰与中国科学院南京她质古生物研究所张遴信副研究员合作完成的《贵州南部早二叠世地层及其生物     

安徽省华北型石炭-二叠纪年代地层划分

依据最新的《中国地层指南及中国地层指南说明书》和《中国区域年代地层(地质年代)表说明书》,在区域生物地层对比的基础上,本文重新厘订了安徽省华北型石炭-二叠纪年代地层系统,石炭系二分,二叠系三分。区内石炭系仅沉积上石炭统,二叠系齐全,下二叠统、中二叠统、上二叠统均发育。     

新疆柯坪地区晚石炭世-早二叠世腕足动物群

通过对新疆柯坪地区上石炭统-下二叠统康克林组和巴立克立克组腕足动物化石的系统研究,共鉴定出46属82种,根据垂向分布将腕足动物群划分为5个组合,其中康克林组自下而上划分为Avonia-Dictyoclostus组合,Schizophoria-Brachythyrina组合,Orthotetina-Chonetes组合和Compressoproductus-Enteletes组合;巴立克立克组划分为Plicatifera-Liraplecta组合。区域对比表明,研究区晚石炭世-早二叠世腕足动物群生物古地理区属于特提斯大区,混有少量北方大区冷水型分子,早二叠世混生的冷水型分子较晚石炭世明显增加。从Orthotetina-Chonetes组合开始,明显出现早二叠世分子。腕足动物的演化阶段特征表明,腕足动物群对石炭系-二叠系界线的响应明显滞后于牙形刺和类等生物门类,即明显变化发生在康克林组的中下部。     

塔里木盆地阿瓦提——巴楚地区 石炭纪-早三叠世化石大孢子组合

通过对塔里木盆地阿瓦提-巴楚地区10口探井的石炭系-下三叠统的大孢子进行研究,建立了石炭纪-早三叠世大孢子组合5个(包括早石炭世、晚石炭世、早二叠世、晚二叠世及早三叠世大孢子组合各1个),并对国内外相关层位的大孢子组合进行了对比,讨论了其所在层位的地质时代.笔者为首次报道该地区早石碳世和二叠纪大孢子组合,对本区及邻区今后开展地层古生物研究及油气勘探研究意义重大.     

新疆北部地区上古生界火山岩分布及其构造环境

新疆北部地区石炭系火山岩主要发育于石炭纪-早二叠世由洋盆向陆内盆地转换阶段,发育碰撞与碰撞后伸展期两类构造环境火山岩; 围绕造山带构成西准噶尔、东准噶尔、准南三大岩区; 石炭系主要发育玄武岩-安山岩-英安岩-流纹岩组合,二叠系主要发育玄武岩-安山岩-流纹岩组合。下石炭统多表现为碰撞期活动陆缘构造环境海相中基性火山岩,上石炭统表现为被动陆缘海陆过渡相钙碱性系列中酸性火山岩; 下二叠统表现为陆相偏碱性中基性、中酸性火山岩。西准噶尔石炭系火山岩为一套海陆交互相中基性火山岩组合,具汇聚岛弧过渡壳特点。东准噶尔石炭系火山岩为一套基性、中酸性岩石组合,具早期岛弧挤压、晚期板内伸展环境特征; 准南博格达山前表现为典型裂谷环境火山岩。二叠系火山岩均为碰撞期后板内伸展构造环境,主要分布于西准噶尔岩区; 表现为东准卡拉麦里残留洋最先闭合隆升,西准达尔布特残留洋随后闭合,最后是北天山洋关闭构造演化次序。新疆北部地区上古生界石炭系-下二叠统火山岩油气成藏多遵循“源控论”,主要围绕石炭系与下二叠统烃源岩发育区、有效生烃中心于构造高部位成藏,晚石炭世伸展裂陷应为有利勘探领域。     

塔里木盆地阿瓦提—巴楚地区石炭纪—早三叠世化石大孢子组合

通过对塔里木盆地阿瓦提－巴楚地区10口探井的石炭系－下三叠统的大孢子进行研究，建立了石炭纪－早三叠世大孢子组合5个（包括早石炭世，晚石炭世、早二叠世、晚二叠世及早三叠世大孢子组合各1个），并对国内外相关层位的大孢子组合进行了对比，讨论了其所在层位的地质时代。笔者为首次报道该地区早石碳世和二叠纪大孢子组合，对本区及邻区今后开展地层古生物研究及油气勘探研究意义重大。     

小兴安岭东南部晚二叠世地层新认识

黄本宏将小兴安岭东南部晚二叠世地层划分为早期的三角山组和晚期的红山组。笔者认为它们属异地同时沉积,时代为晚二叠世。三角山组命名较晚,建议取消,保留红山组名,代表本区晚二叠世陆相碎屑沉积,而原三角山组上段的火山碎屑沉积仍归五道岭组。此外,在红山组中首次发现了数层煤线,这为在本区寻找晚二叠世可采煤层提供了线索。      

内蒙古扎鲁特旗地区中侏罗统塔木兰沟组的厘定

扎鲁特旗地区发育的一套中性火山岩,前人曾将其置于二叠纪“大石寨组”、“青凤山组”,缺少古生物资料和测年数据.本次1：25万区域地质调查,在原1：20万划分的“大石寨组”、“青凤山组”的安山岩中采集了同位素测年样品,采用全岩激光⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar法测年,对火山岩样品进行了年代学研究,结果表明火山岩年龄为（172.7±2.0）~（165.2±1.3）Ma.鉴于这套火山岩地层岩石组合特征清楚,时代依据充分,在区域上具有一定的延展性和可填图性,故将这套火山岩地层重新厘定为中侏罗统塔木兰沟组.     

Stratigraphy,biostratigraphy and C-isotopes of the Permian–Triassic non-marine sequence at Dalongkou and Lucaogou,Xinjiang Province,China

Measured lithostratigraphic sections of the classic Permian–Triassic non-marine transitional sequences covering the upper Quanzijie, Wutonggou, Guodikeng and lower Jiucaiyuan Formations at Dalongkou and Lucaogou, Xinjiang Province, China are presented. These measured sections form the framework and reference sections for a range of multi-disciplinary studies of the P–T transition in this large ancient lake basin, including palynostratigraphy, vertebrate biostratigraphy, chemostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy. The 121 m thick Wutonggou Formation at Dalongkou includes 12 sandstone units ranging in thickness from 0.5 to 10.5 m that represent cyclical coarse terrigenous input to the lake basin during the Late Permian. The rhythmically-bedded, mudstone-dominated Guodikeng Formation is 197 m and 209 m thick on the north and south limbs of the Dalongkou anticline, respectively, and 129 m thick at Lucaogou. Based on limited palynological data, the Permian–Triassic boundary was previously placed approximately 50 m below the top of this formation at Dalongkou. This boundary does not coincide with any mappable lithologic unit, such as the basal sandstones of the overlying Jiucaiyuan Formation, assigned to the Early Triassic. The presence of multiple organic δ¹³C-isotope excursions, mutant pollen, and multiple algal and conchostracan blooms in this formation, together with Late Permian palynomorphs, suggests that the Guodikeng Formation records multiple climatic perturbation signals representing environmental stress during the late Permian mass extinction interval. The overlap between the vertebrates Dicynodon and Lystrosaurus in the upper part of this formation, and the occurrence of late Permian spores and the latest Permian to earliest Triassic megaspore Otynisporites eotriassicus is consistent with a latest Permian age for at least part of the Guodikeng Formation. Palynostratigrahic placement of the Permian–Triassic boundary in the Junggar Basin remains problematic because key miospore taxa, such as Aratrisporites spp. are not present. Palynomorphs from the Guodikeng are assigned to two assemblages; the youngest, from the upper 100 m of the formation (and the overlying Jiucaiyuan Formation), contains both typical Permian elements and distinctive taxa that elsewhere are known from the Early Triassic of Canada, Greenland, Norway, and Russia. The latter include spores assigned to Pechorosporites disertus, Lundbladispora foveota, Naumovaspora striata, Decussatisporites mulstrigatus and Leptolepidites jonkerii. While the presence of Devonian and Carboniferous spores and Early Permian pollen demonstrate reworking is occurring in the Guodikeng assemblages, the sometimes common occurrence of Scutasporites sp. cf. Scutasporites unicus, and other pollen, suggests that the Late Permian elements are in place, and that the upper assemblage derives from a genuine transitional flora of Early Triassic aspect. In the Junggar Basin, biostratigraphic data and magnetostratigraphic data indicate that the Permian–Triassic boundary (GSSP Level) is in the middle to upper Guodikeng Formation and perhaps as high as the formational contact with the overlying Jiucaiyuan Formation.     

广西那艺泥盆系五指山组下段地层研究

从广西那艺五指山组下段识别出三个晚泥盆世牙形石标准带，自上而下为：混杂上ｃｒｅｐｉｄａ带，混杂中ｃｒｅｐｉｄａ带至ｔｒｉａｎｇｕｌａｒｉｓ带，下ｔｒｉａｎｇｕｌａｒｉｓ带。该段含不少再沉积化石，岩性以灰质拟角砾岩为主夹瘤状灰岩，从而确定其为碳酸盐浊积岩，浊积的时代为法门期ｔｒｉａｎｇｕｌａｒｉｓ带至上ｃｒｅｐｉｄａ带。该段属陆壳上的盆地相，靠近台地斜坡，至少存在两种类型的浊积岩。另外，本剖面尚发现大量微球粒。     

Stratigraphy, biostratigraphy and C-isotopes of the Permian–Triassic non-marine sequence at Dalongkou and Lucaogou, Xinjiang Province, China

Measured lithostratigraphic sections of the classic Permian–Triassic non-marine transitional sequences covering the upper Quanzijie, Wutonggou, Guodikeng and lower Jiucaiyuan Formations at Dalongkou and Lucaogou, Xinjiang Province, China are presented. These measured sections form the framework and reference sections for a range of multi-disciplinary studies of the P–T transition in this large ancient lake basin, including palynostratigraphy, vertebrate biostratigraphy, chemostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy. The 121 m thick Wutonggou Formation at Dalongkou includes 12 sandstone units ranging in thickness from 0.5 to 10.5 m that represent cyclical coarse terrigenous input to the lake basin during the Late Permian. The rhythmically-bedded, mudstone-dominated Guodikeng Formation is 197 m and 209 m thick on the north and south limbs of the Dalongkou anticline, respectively, and 129 m thick at Lucaogou. Based on limited palynological data, the Permian–Triassic boundary was previously placed approximately 50 m below the top of this formation at Dalongkou. This boundary does not coincide with any mappable lithologic unit, such as the basal sandstones of the overlying Jiucaiyuan Formation, assigned to the Early Triassic. The presence of multiple organic δ¹³C-isotope excursions, mutant pollen, and multiple algal and conchostracan blooms in this formation, together with Late Permian palynomorphs, suggests that the Guodikeng Formation records multiple climatic perturbation signals representing environmental stress during the late Permian mass extinction interval. The overlap between the vertebrates Dicynodon and Lystrosaurus in the upper part of this formation, and the occurrence of late Permian spores and the latest Permian to earliest Triassic megaspore Otynisporites eotriassicus is consistent with a latest Permian age for at least part of the Guodikeng Formation. Palynostratigrahic placement of the Permian–Triassic boundary in the Junggar Basin remains problematic because key miospore taxa, such as Aratrisporites spp. are not present. Palynomorphs from the Guodikeng are assigned to two assemblages; the youngest, from the upper 100 m of the formation (and the overlying Jiucaiyuan Formation), contains both typical Permian elements and distinctive taxa that elsewhere are known from the Early Triassic of Canada, Greenland, Norway, and Russia. The latter include spores assigned to Pechorosporites disertus, Lundbladispora foveota, Naumovaspora striata, Decussatisporites mulstrigatus and Leptolepidites jonkerii. While the presence of Devonian and Carboniferous spores and Early Permian pollen demonstrate reworking is occurring in the Guodikeng assemblages, the sometimes common occurrence of Scutasporites sp. cf. Scutasporites unicus, and other pollen, suggests that the Late Permian elements are in place, and that the upper assemblage derives from a genuine transitional flora of Early Triassic aspect. In the Junggar Basin, biostratigraphic data and magnetostratigraphic data indicate that the Permian–Triassic boundary (GSSP Level) is in the middle to upper Guodikeng Formation and perhaps as high as the formational contact with the overlying Jiucaiyuan Formation.     

内蒙古西部银根-额济纳旗盆地石炭系—二叠系暗色泥质岩有机质丰度变化特征和生烃潜力

银-额盆地石炭系—二叠系1100多个暗色泥质岩样品的有机质丰度、热解分析结果表明,依据TOC的评价标准,银-额（银根-额济纳旗）盆地石炭系—二叠系暗色泥岩和页岩达到烃源岩标准的样品占总样品数的50%以上,达到好烃源岩标准的样品占总样品数的15%以上。纵向上银-额盆地石炭系—二叠系从下部的上石炭统—下二叠统阿木山组/甘泉组、中—下二叠统埋汗哈达组、中二叠统阿其德组/菊石滩组到上二叠统哈尔苏海组,暗色泥质岩的有机质丰度具有从下到上总体降低的趋势;平面上同一层段中具有北部地区TOC高于南部地区、西部地区TOC高于东部地区的分布特征,这种分布特征与该区的沉积环境相吻合。研究区露头样品热解分析所获的生烃潜量和氢指数结果不能作为评价烃源岩的指标。     

滇西昌宁—孟连带西区两个地层问题——兼论昌宁—孟连带的闭合造山过程

对昌宁—孟连带西区的两个地层问题进行了讨论。根据牙形刺和放射虫的发现将原定为拉巴组的塔拉弄—南雅条带的时代厘定为晚泥盆世至早石炭世 ,时代大致与南皮河群的弄巴组或“中区”的“上泥盆统”相当 ,它们之间的确切关系仍有待进一步研究。怕拍组实际上主体属晚二叠世晚期 ,仅顶部可能包含有少量下三叠统印度阶最底部的沉积。对怕拍组的研究证实了澜沧运动的存在 ,昌宁—孟连带自此开始了由海洋盆地向造山带的演变进程 ,这一过程持续达七千万年之久。     

吐哈盆地北缘二叠系与三叠系界线

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