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开展气象观测质量管理体系建设,对提高气象观测的质量和效益、改善用户供给、支撑更高水平气象现代化、提升我国在国际气象领域合作和发展中的影响力和认可度具有重要意义。引入国际标准质量体系,在分析观测业务现状的基础上,按照PDCA的原则,从质量管理体系标准的各阶段入手,对地市级气象资料观测、传输、数据质量、设备运行的业务流程、考核指标及管理进行优化升级。构建了一套符合ISO 9001标准体系要求的完整地市级气象观测质量管理体系,并通过了认证,为全国其他地市气象局推广提供参考。 相似文献
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通过对2020-2022年四川省气象观测质量管理体系审核不符合项,从PDCA循环、体系过程、《质量管理体系要求》(GB/T 19001-2016)标准条款、观测任务四个方面总结市县两级在运行过程中的问题,分析原因并提出运行建议。结果表明,市县两级气象观测质量管理体系运行共性问题主要集中在意识、装备、数据、运行四个方面,其中装备仓储环境、计量检定、维护维修、文件记录管理尤为突出。可以通过持续推进体系文件修订、常态化运行、宣贯培训来提升体系与市县两级观测业务的融合程度和运行效果,达到持续改进的目的。 相似文献
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1引言 台站和各级审核员要通过计算基数和错情、统计质量千分比来对质量进行统计分析.这些工作一直是人工手算,特别烦琐,且容易因为多项或少项而出错.Visual Basic是在Windows平台上广泛使用的程序开发工具,它开发环境优越.本系统选择VB6作为开发工具,采用下拉菜单、工具栏、标签控件,全部实现汉字显示和提示,操作简单,采用了模块化的程序设计方法,便于扩充.系统按照中国气象局1997年颁发的《农业气象观测质量考核方法》编制,快捷地实现了质量考核的自动计算、结果存储、考核方法浏览功能,适合台站业务应用及业务管理.其程序流程(见图). 相似文献
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“九五”期间 ,我省测报业务工作在中国气象局“九五”计划的指导下 ,经过全省各级气象部门的共同努力 ,较好地完成了“九五”期间的测报业务工作 ,测报的基础业务、测报管理水平、测报现代化建设较“八五”都有不同程度的提高和进步。突出表现在 :大气监测质量稳中有升 ;业务现代化水平有所提高 ;站网调整更趋合理 ;台站观测环境明显改善 ;业务管理扎实有效。一大气监测质量稳中有升我省共有地面气象观测站53个 ,其中基准站4个、基本站21个。根据测站的测报任务 ,从事地面气象观测、高空气象观测、农业气象观测、气象辐射观测和特种观… 相似文献
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Summary Graz, a historical grown city in the south-east of Austria, sometimes faces problems with air pollution, mainly during wintertime. The old part of the city is the largest residentially used historical downtown in Central Europe. Due to its geographical position at the southeastern edge of the Alps, Graz often has weather situations with calm winds and strong inversions between October and March. The local wind system is marked by wind shears: near the surface, cold air flows in from the south, while in higher altitudes warm air from the north flows over the basin of Graz. During these winterperiods with mighty inversions air quality values exceed the threshold limits. The reason is that the old structure of the downtown area with narrow streets and a lot of old domestic heating systems in many of the old buildings causes relatively high pollution levels. In the winter of 1988/89, the NO2 threshold values for smog-alarm (0.8 mg/m3, 3-h mean value) were exceeded several times at three air quality monitoring stations in the city of Graz. Therefore, a research project was initiated with the aim to find out the reasons for the bad air quality. The project comprised the setting up of an emission inventory as well as meteorological measurement campaigns and numerical simulations concerning the pollution dispersion in the area of Graz. The following report will try to show the interaction of the emission inventory on one hand and the determinations of flow conditions and pollutant dispersion on the other hand in order to analyze the air quality in the city. The emission inventory contains the emissions of air pollutants in a high temporal and spatial resolution. Before determining the surface flow fields, the meteorological conditions leading to the high pollution values were analyzed. After that, the boundary conditions were defined with the help of tethered balloon measurements. With these boundary conditions, quasi-steady-state flow fields were simulated. The dispersion of pollutants was calculated in a transient form using the stored flow fields. Conversion of pollutants was determined with the help of a parameterized version of the Eschenroeder-Martinez reaction mechanism. The period of winter 1990/91 with the highest pollution concentration was simulated to validate this model. The results show that the simulated and measured values of CO, NO and NO2 correspond well with each other in the centre of the city, while the correspondence is not as good in the outskirts of the city were lower pollution levels are observed. It turned out that the suggested methodology is well suited for analyzing winter situations with high pollution levels.With 10 Figures 相似文献
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Maps are essential in climate change research and policymaking, and are primary tools for communicating climate change information to the public. The consequences of cartographic design are potentially significant to understanding climate change and effectively informing policymakers. Yet, the cartographic design and quality of climate change maps have not been critically assessed nor systematically evaluated. We suggest that evaluating the quality of climate change maps is both timely and essential, and offer one approach as a demonstration. We use cartographic design principles to evaluate a ‘high visibility’ climate change map from the 2007 report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Our specific goals are to demonstrate the need and value of cartographic critique, describe how such evaluation can be accomplished, and make a case for cartographers’ engagement with climate change scientists in mapping activities. We suggest a research and policy agenda for the cartographic evaluation and design of climate change maps. 相似文献
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根据地面气象报表预审实际工作经验,归纳概括出报表预审的一般性规律,具体阐述了软件审核、人工站与自动站资料相比较方法,供自动站工作人员参考。 相似文献
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应用国内外已有研究成果,对德阳市小麦品质受气 候的影响进 行了分析。揭示了德阳小麦蛋白质含量较低、湿面筋偏低的气候原因是:气温年较差偏小、 抽穗至成熟期平均气温偏低、全生育期日照时数偏少、空气湿润,在此基础上提出了调整德 阳小殚生产的建议。 相似文献
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德阳气候对小麦品质影响的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
应用国内外已有研究成果,对德阳市小麦品质受气候的影响进行了分析。揭示了德阳小麦蛋白质含量较低、湿面筋偏低的气候原因是:气温年较差偏小、抽穗至成熟期平均偏低、全生育期日照时数偏少、空气湿润,在此基础上了调整德阳小殚生产的建议。 相似文献
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Described is the geoinformational model of the multilevel information system for the control and management of drinking water quality. The system includes the common centralized archive of geographic, ecological, analytical, and normative data, the models of objects, and the system of the analysis and reception of information in organizations referred to different administrations. The system is tested using the analysis of drinking water supply quality in the Arkhangelsk oblast. The system was created in the framework of the TACIS program “Improving the Qualtty of Drinking Water in the Northwest Region of Russia.” 相似文献