《中华人民共和国防震减灾法》在玉树地震灾后恢复重建中的作用

通过文献调查、实地考察等方法收集基础资料,对《中华人民共和国防震减灾法》(以下简称《防震减灾法》)的有关法律规定,在玉树地震灾后恢复重建过程中的贯彻实施情况进行了梳理。通过归纳总结、综合分析后认为:第一,《防震减灾法》在玉树地震灾后恢复重建过程中发挥了立法引领和推动作用,具有较强的及时性、系统性、针对性、有效性;第二,各级政府在玉树地震灾后恢复重建过程中,遵循依法行政原则,依据《防震减灾法》全面履行了职责。     

山西省加强防震减灾宣传工作的实践与思考

2004年全国防震减灾工作会议和《国务院关于加强防震减灾工作的通知》明确了今后一个时期防震减灾工作方向和主要工作任务,同时把防震减灾宣传工作提到了前所未有的高度。本文通过总结山西省防震减灾宣传工作实践,结合新时期防震减灾工作的要求,就进一步做好防震减灾宣传工作提     

四川省防震减灾素质教育工程设计

四川省防震减灾素质教育工程的建设内容包括1个防震减灾素质教育中心、39个防震减灾科普宣传服务站、180个防震减灾科普示范学校和25个防震减灾科普示范社区。教育工程能够实现全省防震减灾科普知识的有效宣传,以及地震信息的实时发布和地震救援信息的实时更新。     

试论实施防震减灾社会动员的途径与方法

0前言中国是一个多地震国家,频繁而严重的地震灾害给人民生命和财产带来了巨大的损失,防震减灾任务任重而道远。回良玉副总理2004年在全国防震减灾工作会议讲话中指出:“防震减灾是全社会共同的责任,要广泛动员社会各方的力量,积极投入到这项事业中来,使防震减灾逐步成为全社会的自觉行动。”因此,总结近40年我国防震减灾工作和改革开放的实践经验,对社会公众进行各种防震减灾宣传教育,广泛动员全社会力量,建立健全防震减灾社会动员机制,增强全社会防震减灾意识,是提高我国综合防震减灾能力,有效地促进地震灾害综合防御各项措施落实的重要途…     

利用互联网做好防震减灾科普宣传

防震减灾科普宣传是增强全民防震减灾意识和能力的重要途径,利用互联网充分做好防震减灾科普宣传工作,将对影响防震减灾科普宣传工作的广度、深度和效果起到积极的促进作用.本文在分析互联网在历次地震中的表现和网络防震减灾科普宣传工作现状的基础上,提出了促进防震减灾科普宣传在互联网中应用的具体措施.     

防震减灾示范县创新性研究及推广策略

防震减灾工作的重点在基层,关键在基础。防震减灾示范县的创建促进了防震减灾能力的提升。各示范县积极推进防震减灾建设,形成的创新性经验值得全国借鉴。通过总结防震减灾示范县创新性经验,并针对性地提出示范县经验的推广策略,以期为基层防震减灾建设及全国防震减灾能力提升提供有益参考。     

公众对地震重点监视防御区的认知与防震减灾宣传工作的关系

公众是实现地震重点监视防御区(以下简称地震重防区)防震减灾工作目标、提升社会防震减灾能力的主力军,而公众对地震重防区的认知与防震减灾宣传密不可分.本文通过问卷调查,发现许多公众对地震重防区和相关知识的认知程度低、公众的防震减灾素质有待提高、防震减灾宣传针对地震重防区的内容不够全面、宣传方式和手段不够多样化等问题.据此,提出建议:强化地震重防区宣传,丰富防震减灾宣传内容;防震减灾宣传方式和途径多样化;完善防震减灾宣传教育制度等.     

落实三大工作体系提高防御地震灾害能力

防震减灾工作与太原钢铁(集团)公司的生产建设和经济发展密不可分。叙述了冶金企业防震减灾工作的特点及太钢防震减灾的工作体系和各项防震减灾管理制度,介绍了近年来太原钢铁(集团)公司开展的各项防震减灾工作的一些作法。     

从传播学仪式观理论视角探讨防震减灾科普宣传的参与实践——以云南防震减灾科普民歌为例

受众参与是防震减灾科普宣传工作的重要基础。从传播学仪式观的理论视角,以云南防震减灾科普民歌为案例,提出在云南少数民族地区有效开展防震减灾科普宣传工作的对策建议:①细分受众,有针对性地开展防震减灾科普宣传;②强调受众参与,强化防震减灾科普宣传实效;③创新形式,依托少数民族地区喜闻乐见的文艺体现形式开展防震减灾科普宣传。     

北京市防震减灾工作的进展

北京市既是全国政治文化的中心,也是国家地震重点监视区之一。市政府非常重视北京市的防震减灾工作,于１９９６年１０月成立的由国家地震局和北京市政府双重管理的北京市地震局负责北京市防震减灾的管理工作。１年来,北京市已健全了各级防震减灾机构,防震减灾工作取得了较大的进展。该文综合介绍了北京市防震减灾工作的进展,包括：健全和完善组织机构;法规建设;北京市的抗震设防;北京市的地震监测预报;防震减灾的宣传教育及筹建北京市防震减灾中心等。     

对我国防震减灾法律体系的分析思考

我国是世界上地震灾害最为严重的国家之一。50余年的防震减灾工作实践表明,健全防震减灾法律体系对于提升我国地震灾害防御能力具有十分重要的作用。采用文献查阅、对比分析等方法,在全面梳理我国防震减灾法律体系现状的基础上,总结分析了存在的4个方面问题,并借鉴日本和美国的先进经验,提出了出台《自然灾害防治法》、修订《突发事件应对法》,适时修订防震减灾有关法律法规,进一步明确防震减灾职权主体的法定职责任务,完善地方防震减灾法律体系等对策建议。     

Marine environment and law of the sea

The United Nations established an Environment Programme which was reported in an earlier issue of the Marine Pollution Bulletin. Its Director, Maurice Strong addressed the UN Law of the Sea Conference at Caracas on the need for conservation measures to go hand in hand with exploitation of marine resources, and he indicated the role of UNEP in this. His speech was not reported at the time. It is vital that it should not be forgotten when the Law of the Sea Conference resumes next year in Geneva. The main points of his speech are given here.     

地震观测数据平台体系架构研究

随着中国地震观测网络项目的实施,我国建设了现代化的地震综合观测系统,日产出数据约40GB.如何对地震观测数据进行规划,实现有效的存储和管理,建设完善的数据管理体系,为地震观测业务系统的持续发展和新业务拓展提供支撑,发挥地震观测数据的效益,使之能更好地为国民经济建设服务,已成为地震观测数据系统建设的关键.本文基于我国地震观测系统现状,结合地震观测台网的组织结构和数据分布、产出特点,阐述了地震观测数据汇聚、存储、交换和服务模式,探讨了我国地震观测数据平台的架构体系.     

执法为民依法治"震"

通过对防震减灾法在实施过程中存在不善于执法和执法不严等问题的分析,提出加强地震行政执法,依法保护全社会各行各业建设工程必须达到抗震设防要求,保证防震减灾工作有序地进行,切实收到减灾成效。笔者拟从端正执法思想,规范执法行为,强化执法监督三方面综述加强地震行政执法力度对防震减灾、造福民众的重要意义。     

The Sierra Club and the Law of the Sea

The office of International Environmental affairs of the Sierra Club is focusing its attention on a number of issues, identified at the UN Stockholm conference last year as significant. One of these is the Law of the Sea. This article is an abbreviated version of a preliminary paper prepared for a Working Party or Task Force that is examining the issues and attempting to produce an integrated view of all the issues.     

Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of rocks in the Rayleigh Law region: Modelling errors arising from linear fit to non-linear data

The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) within the Rayleigh Law range was investigated theoretically, using mathematical modelling. It was revealed that the orientations of the principal susceptibilities and the shape parameter vary with field so weakly that these variations can be regarded as negligible from the practical point of view. The degree of AMS increases with field according to the degree of anisotropy of the initial susceptibility used and according to the intensity of susceptibility change with field of the mineral considered. The degree of AMS calculated using linear theory is very near to the degree of AMS following from the analysis of AMS within the Rayleigh Law range. If it is desirable to correct the field-dependent degree of AMS, a simple technique is suggested based on measurement of the AMS in two fields. fhrouda@agico.cz     

Economic valuation of the Seto Inland Sea by using an Internet CV survey

We estimate the economic value of the natural environment damaged in the Seto Inland Sea after the introduction of the Law on Temporary Measures for the Environmental Conservation of the Seto Inland Sea (Setouchi Law) and the value of the natural environment that survived, using a Contingent Valuation (CV) survey on an Internet web site. The CV survey contains three plans. Plan 1 is to restore 4 ha of reclaimed land. By estimating the Willingness To Pay (WTP) for plan 1, we can appraise the value of the natural environment that was damaged as a result of the original reclamation. Plan 2 is to transplant Zostera (eel-grass) into an area of 10 ha offshore. Plan 3 is to preserve the shore area, a natural habitat for rare animal species, under the National Trust Program. From the WTP for plans 2 and 3, we can estimate the value of the shore area and the areas a little farther offshore. The value of the natural environment damaged in the Seto Inland Sea as a result of reclaiming projects after the introduction of the Setouchi Law and the value of the existing natural environment of the Seto Inland Sea from the WTP for the plans were estimated to about 172 trillion yen (1.46 trillion dollars) and about 424 trillion yen (3.60 trillion dollars), respectively. The results indicate that in the 25 years since the introduction of the Setouchi Law, we have degraded every year about 6.88 trillion yen (58.5 billion dollars) worth of the natural environment by reclaiming. Some seaweed farms and natural shore areas, natural habitats to rare marine life-forms like the horseshoe crab and the fiddler crab have survived, but their value amounts to about 80% of Japan's GDP.     

用于超宽带信号数据采集的高精度可编程定时器研究

超宽带信号的数字化在很大程度上取决于采样时刻的准确性，因此是否具有高精度的可编程定时器是实现超宽带信号数据采集的关键。本文基于斜波发生器原理实现了高精度可编程定时电路，可编程计数范围为16bit，实际最小定时单位达8ps，折合采样频率高达50GHz，迄今为止尚未有关于同样指标产品的报道。该定时器已应用于作者研制的地质雷达信号数据采集系统中，取得了很好的实际应用效果。     

Bayesian estimation of the Modified Omori Law parameters for the Iranian Plateau

The forecasting of large aftershocks is a preliminary and critical step in seismic hazard analysis and seismic risk management. From a statistical point of view, it relies entirely on the estimation of the properties of aftershock sequences using a set of laws with well-defined parameters. Since the frequentist and Bayesian approaches are common tools to assess these parameter values, we compare the two approaches for the Modified Omori Law and a selection of mainshock–aftershock sequences in the Iranian Plateau. There is a general agreement between the two methods, but the Bayesian appears to be more efficient as the number of recorded aftershocks decreases. Taking into account temporal variations of the b-value, the slope of the frequency-size distribution, the probability for the occurrence of strong aftershock, or larger main shock has been calculated in a finite time window using the parameters of the Modified Omori Law observed in the Iranian Plateau.     

城市抗震防灾规划的研究与展望

抗震防灾规划是提高城镇综合抗震能力的有效措施之一,与城市总体规划一并实施.重点回顾了我国抗震防灾规划工作的发展历程,同时对美国、日本在建立防灾规划方面的情况也进行了介绍.通过编制城市的抗震防灾规划,加强城市的综合抗震防灾能力,在丽江地震中被证明是一个有效的手段.综述了在这个方面的发展与变化,并就未来的可能的发展方向作了总结与展望,以期国内外同仁进一步研究.