中国东北东部中生代火山活动与泛太平洋板块

长白山脉中生代火山岩带与东侧之洋陆边界平行展布。火山岩浆作用可划分为三大构造阶段（２３０～１９０Ｍａ,１７８～１２５Ｍａ,１１８～６５Ｍａ）,四大旋回,１１个旋回和２４个火山事件。由安粗岩系和钙碱性岩系组成的一个新的火山岩浆作用构造类型,称之为走滑大限边缘一位分张裂性火山岩系。洋陆板互动方式的更迭及速率的变化是火山夺浆作用地球动力学部发展过程的主控因素。     

碧口群火山旋回及其地质构造意义

通过详细的野外剖面观察和室内岩石地球化学研究,将碧口群火山岩划分为3个火山旋回,每个旋回下部为基性火山岩(细碧岩及细碧质凝灰岩),上部为酸性火山岩(石英角斑岩或石英角斑质凝灰岩).基性火山岩富集LREE及LIL.第一旋回基性火山岩属碱性系列,第二、三旋回基性火山岩属拉斑玄武岩系列.基性火山岩浆形成于与洋岛玄武岩类似的地幔柱源,其中第三旋回基性火山岩浆晚期受岩石圈地幔混染;酸性火山岩为地壳重熔作用的产物.碧口群火山岩属大陆裂谷双峰式火山岩系,是中一新元古代扬子地块北缘大陆拉张作用的产物.这种拉张作用是秦岭造山带从震旦纪开始的大规模扩张作用的先兆.     

碧口群火山旋回及其地质构造意义

通过详细的野外剖面观察和室内岩石地球化学研究,将碧口碧火山岩划分为3个火山旋回,每个旋回下部为基性火山岩（细碧岩及细碧质凝灰岩）,上部为酸性火山岩（石英角斑岩或石英角斑质凝灰岩）。基性火山岩富集LREE及LIL。第一旋回基性火山岩属碱性系列,第二、三旋回基性火山岩属拉斑玄武岩系列。基性火山岩浆形成于与洋岛玄武岩类似的地幔柱源,其中第三旋回基性火山岩浆晚期受岩石圈地幔混染;酸性火山岩为地壳重熔作用的产物。碧口群火山岩属大陆裂谷双峰式火山岩系,是中一新元古代扬子地块北缘大陆拉张作用的产物。这种拉张作用是秦岭造山带从震旦纪开始的大规模扩张作用的先兆。     

闽西武夷山建宁—泰宁地区白垩纪火山-沉积序列:对华南东部晚中生代构造演化的制约

闽西武夷山建宁—泰宁地区发育2套白垩纪火山-沉积序列,构成2个火山-沉积旋回,每套序列由下部火山岩和上部沉积岩地层组成.锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学分析显示,早期中酸性火山岩喷发时代为早白垩世141～135 Ma,具有陆缘火山弧的地球化学亲缘性,并富集Hf同位素(-20.2～1.9);而晚期火山岩活动集中在早、晚白垩世之交(105～97 Ma),呈现弧后伸展特征并相对亏损Hf同位素(-16.1～10.2).通过这两套白垩纪火山-沉积序列区域对比,发现早、晚两套火山活动之间的岩浆活动宁静期呈现自南西向北东逐渐消减的趋势,于120 Ma前后基本结束,这个时期在华南东部陆缘加积了一套河湖相沉积地层,并遭受不同程度的挤压变形.晚期火山-沉积序列受到伸展断陷盆地的控制,其中加积了一套含膏盐红层沉积.研究认为,华南东部陆缘白垩纪2套火山-沉积序列记录了该陆缘2个显著不同的构造演化阶段,从早期陆缘火山弧及其挤压变形到晚期的弧后伸展和断陷湖盆的发展历程.     

西秦岭北缘早古生代天水—武山构造带及其构造演化

西秦岭北缘早古生代天水-武山构造带位于甘肃省东部天水地区,主要由寒武纪关子镇-武山蛇绿岩带、晚寒武世-早奥陶世李子园群浅变质活动陆缘沉积-火山岩系、奥陶纪草滩沟群岛弧型火山-沉积岩系以及加里东期岛弧型深成侵入岩体、俯冲-碰撞型花岗岩体等组成.关子镇蛇绿岩中变质基性火山岩属于N-MORB型玄武岩,武山蛇绿岩中变质基性火山岩属于E-MORB型玄武岩,是洋脊型蛇绿岩的重要组成部分,形成时代大致在534～489Ma之间的寒武纪.李子园群火山岩主要形成于岛弧或与岛弧相关的弧前盆地构造环境,草滩沟群火山岩形成于与俯冲作用相关的岛弧环境.关子镇流水沟和百花中基性岩浆杂岩总体形成于中晚奥陶世(471～440Ma)古岛弧构造环境,同时发育加里东期俯冲型(450～456Ma)花岗岩类和碰撞型(438～400Ma)花岗岩类岩浆活动.西秦岭北缘早古生代古洋陆构造格局经历了从洋盆形成-洋壳俯冲消减直至陆-陆碰撞造山的板块构造演化过程.总体构造演化可划分为四个阶段:①晚寒武世古洋盆初始形成阶段;②早奥陶世洋盆初始俯冲阶段;③中晚奥陶世洋壳大规模俯冲与古岛弧发育阶段;④志留纪陆-陆或陆-弧碰撞造山阶段.     

西秦岭北缘早古生代天水—武山构造带及其构造演化

西秦岭北缘早古生代天水—武山构造带位于甘肃省东部天水地区,主要由寒武纪关子镇武山蛇绿岩带、晚寒武世—早奥陶世李子园群浅变质活动陆缘沉积火山岩系、奥陶纪草滩沟群岛弧型火山沉积岩系以及加里东期岛弧型深成侵入岩体、俯冲碰撞型花岗岩体等组成。关子镇蛇绿岩中变质基性火山岩属于NMORB型玄武岩,武山蛇绿岩中变质基性火山岩属于EMORB型玄武岩,是洋脊型蛇绿岩的重要组成部分,形成时代大致在534～489Ma之间的寒武纪。李子园群火山岩主要形成于岛弧或与岛弧相关的弧前盆地构造环境,草滩沟群火山岩形成于与俯冲作用相关的岛弧环境。关子镇流水沟和百花中基性岩浆杂岩总体形成于中晚奥陶世（471～440Ma）古岛弧构造环境,同时发育加里东期俯冲型（450～456Ma）花岗岩类和碰撞型（438～400Ma）花岗岩类岩浆活动。西秦岭北缘早古生代古洋陆构造格局经历了从洋盆形成洋壳俯冲消减直至陆陆碰撞造山的板块构造演化过程。总体构造演化可划分为四个阶段：①晚寒武世古洋盆初始形成阶段;②早奥陶世洋盆初始俯冲阶段;③中晚奥陶世洋壳大规模俯冲与古岛弧发育阶段;④志留纪陆陆或陆弧碰撞造山阶段。     

浙东括苍山-雁荡山破火山白垩纪多旋回火山-侵入杂岩成因研究

浙东括苍山-雁荡山破火山由时空上关联的括苍山巨型环状破火山及其东南缘的雁荡山破火山构成。为重塑该地区白垩纪岩浆演化历史，本文在结合雁荡山火山-侵入杂岩地质资料的基础上，对括苍山早期流纹质熔结凝灰岩和石英二长闪长岩进行了锆石年代学、地球化学分析。结果表明，括苍山-雁荡山破火山岩浆活动时间为130～98 Ma,具有多个旋回的结晶年龄和同位素组成相仿的巨厚火山岩地层和未喷发的富晶体侵入岩。火山岩和侵入岩可由分离结晶作用联系起来，前者由晶粥内晶体间熔体抽提形成，后者由残余熔体和晶体形成。从括苍山-雁荡山破火山的火山岩地层厚度、规模及区域性火山岩分布特点可知，浙东岩浆活动高峰期为130～120 Ma及112～88 Ma,前者岩浆活动规模大于后者，它们分别对应于古太平洋板块快速后撤及缓慢后撤的两个阶段，而120～112 Ma为陆缘伸展作用停滞的岩浆活动沉寂期。     

赣东北地区燕山晚期火山岩同位素年代学研究

Rb-Sr,K-Ar及锆石U－Pb等同位素年代学研究表明，研究区燕山晚期火山岩的形成时限为91．7－128．3Ma，属早白垩世；基火山夺可分为2个岩浆活动旋回－石溪旋回与周家店旋回，其年龄分别为91．7－110．8Ma与119．2－128．3Ma，与赣杭构造－火山岩带2次主要的铀矿化年龄吻合，表明铀成矿与该时期岩浆活动具有密切关系。     

庐枞盆地中生代火山岩的起源、演化及形成背景

庐枞中生代火山盆地位于长江中下游断陷带内,地处扬子板块的北缘.庐枞盆地内火山岩分布广泛,为一套包括粗玄岩-玄武粗安岩-粗面岩的富碱橄榄安粗岩系,划分为龙门院、砖桥、双庙和浮山等四个喷溢堆积旋回.盆地内火山岩浆活动起止时间约为136～124Ma,均为早白垩世火山活动.地球化学特征显示,庐枞盆地4个旋回火山岩岩浆具有同源关系,源于性质接近于EMI型富集地幔的交代地幔;各旋回火山岩岩浆演化过程中存在结晶分异作用,同时还受到了一定的地壳物质混染;火山岩由早到晚(龙门院旋回→砖桥旋回→双庙旋回→浮山旋回)具有向高钾、负Eu异常增强、结晶分异作用增强、岩浆分异程度增高方向的演化规律;庐枞盆地早白垩世存在由挤压-拉张过渡背景转为典型张性背景的构造转换,转换时间约为130.5Ma左右,龙门院、砖桥旋回火山岩形成于挤压-啦张过渡的构造背景,双庙、浮山旋回火山岩形成于典型的拉张构造背景.     

冈底斯中段厅宫地区林子宗火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄和地球化学特征

林子宗火山岩事件是印度-亚洲大陆主碰撞过程的火山作用响应,对冈底斯带的构造演化具有重要意义。在冈底斯中段厅宫地区通过系统的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年,获得林子宗群典中组底部、年波组上部和帕那组顶部的火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄分别为(66.4±0.35)Ma、(53.6±1.5)Ma和(45±0.6)Ma。对林子宗火山岩的岩石地球化学分析表明,该火山岩具弧火山岩特征,早期表现出陆缘弧火山岩的特点,至中期年波旋回钾玄岩出现,标志着陆内岩浆作用的开始,到晚期帕那旋回则显示出陆壳重熔和地壳加厚的特征,记录了新特提斯洋消减俯冲到陆陆碰撞的地质信息。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of