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基于约束Delaunay结构的街道中轴线提取及网络模型建立 总被引:31,自引:7,他引:24
从街区多边形提街道中轴线并在此基础上建立街道网络模型是城市空间分析及街区地图综合的基础问题,本文基于约束Delaunay三角网结构提出了在邻近街区边界之间的三角形元上提取中轴线从而建立街道网络图模型的方法,区分三种不同三角形元进行中轴线的连接,通过网络图的顶点、边完备地表达出街道、街区、街道交叉口之间的空间关系,并建立了街道中轴线与左右两侧街区多边形边界弧段间的匹配,从而使本文提出的混合数据模型将街道网络结构与街区多边形结构统一起来。 相似文献
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位置推荐是地理社交网络的重要应用,针对城市范围内多用户集体社交活动的规划需求,在顾及道路通达性和时间成本的情况下进行位置推荐算法的研究。针对城市路网结构特征和导航路线规划特点,在地图应用程序接口的支持下,利用各用户间导航路线上的特定点自动识别、构建区域实现位置推荐,平衡多个用户到推荐地点的可到达性和时间成本。实验结果验证了所提方法的有效性,在地理社交网络上可以为城市多用户的集体活动提供有效的位置推荐方案。 相似文献
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将道路网络空间视为嵌在2D空间中的独立子空间,利用形态单一的线性单元剖分图结构的边,实现网络空间的栅格化;提取网格模式的典型特征,包括几何和拓扑特征,以栅格单元邻域为目标计算特征值,构建特征向量描述栅格单元,实现对象空间到特征空间的映射,构建空间向量场;基于支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)实现网格模式分类;结合格式塔原则完善实验结果。将此方法应用于深圳市路网数据,实验结果表明能有效地识别网格模式。 相似文献
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Effective management of infrastructural networks in the case of a crisis requires a prior analysis of the vulnerability of spatial networks and identification of critical locations where an interdiction would cause damage and disruption. This article presents a mathematical method for modelling the vulnerability risk of network elements which can be used for identification of critical locations in a spatial network. The method combines dual graph modelling with connectivity analysis and topological measures and has been tested on the street network of the Helsinki Metropolitan Area in Finland. Based on the results of this test the vulnerability risk of the network elements was experimentally defined. Further developments are currently under consideration for eventually developing a risk model not only for one but for a group of co‐located spatial networks. 相似文献
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城市道路的高精度提取可为城市三维表达、城市地形分析、城市建设规划、交通导航等提供数据基础和支撑。本文以合肥市局部城区为试验区,以开源路网、街景图像和遥感影像为数据源,在利用最大似然法进行初提取的基础上,通过空间分析、统计分析、几何量测、最小二乘拟合等方法进行粘连分割、缺失处理和交叉口细化等关键处理,构建了多源数据协同的城市道路提取方法,并对提取结果进行了精度评价和分析。试验结果表明,本文提出的城市道路提取方法优于最大似然和面向对象方法,提取总体精度为96.65%,Kappa系数为93.71%,道路宽度偏离标准差为0.03m,特别是对同物异谱、同谱异物及遮挡等造成的信息提取不全问题具有良好的改善效果。 相似文献
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In the real world, there are many kinds of phenomena that are represented by points on a network, such as traffic accidents
on a street network. To analyse these phenomena, the basic point pattern methods (i.e. the nearest neighbour distance method,
the quadrat method, the K-function method and the clumping method) defined on a plane (referred to as the planar basic point pattern methods) are extended to the basic point pattern methods on a network (referred to as the network basic point pattern methods). However, like the planar basic point pattern methods, the network basic point pattern methods assume a uniform network
and this assumption is hard to accept when analysing actual phenomena. To overcome this limitation, this paper formulates
a transformation, called the uniform network transformation, that transforms a non-uniform network into a uniform network. This transformation provides a simple procedure for analysing
point patterns on non-uniform networks: first, a given non-uniform network is transformed into a uniform network; second,
the network basic point pattern methods (which assume a uniform network) are applied to this transformed uniform network.
No modification to the network basic point pattern methods is necessary. The paper also shows an actual application of this
transformation to traffic accidents in Chosei, Japan. 相似文献
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针对城市行道树调查中,街景影像背景环境复杂多变、行道树个体差异大,依靠目视判读费时费力的问题,该文基于车载移动测量系统采集的全景影像数据,利用深度学习算法,在快速区域卷积神经网络的目标检测方法基础上,建立适用于街景行道树检测的深度神经网络模型。模型采用基于共有显著性区域及冗余策略的行道树多示例目标候选区域选择方法,使用车载图像的几何约束进一步筛选合适的候选区域,从而实现行道树目标候选区域的统一选择,提升行道树目标的检测效果。实验结果表明,该文提出的方法能够实现多种行道树的准确自动识别与提取,进而大大降低行道树绿化调查的成本。 相似文献
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Network transport is an important aspect of geographical information science, transportation, complex networks, etc. Previous studies have shown that the transport capacity of street networks can be enhanced by improving routing algorithms. However, the upper throughput limit of street networks is unknown in detail. This article studies the transport process of networks and finds that any connected network has a maximum throughput depending on the topological and structural properties of the network. Based on this, the maximum throughput of street networks is obtained. Experiments show that when the street network remains unchanged, the maximum throughput of the street network is limited and is dependent on road capacity and average path length, regardless of adopted routing algorithms. Our findings suggest that the throughput of networks can be improved by increasing node capacity or decreasing average path length, but the maximum transport capacity of the network cannot be greater than the ratio of the sum of all the nodes' capacities to the average path length of the network, no matter what routing strategies are adopted. This study is expected to be a starting point for more sophisticated research in network transport, such as evaluating the inherent throughput of an urban street network. 相似文献
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换乘信息特别是基于地理信息系统技术的图文换乘信息服务,已经成为城市公共交通信息服务、线网规划和线路优化调整的重要指标与内容。但是公共交通线网具有特殊的网络特征和拓扑关系,它不同于城市道路网络,因此公共交通换乘不能简单应用于目前的最优路径算法,例如Dijkstra算法。本文将通过对公共交通线网的空间特征和语义(交通)规则分析,建立城市交通网络的几何和语义连通性的集成关系。几何连通性是语义连通性的基础和先决条件,而语义连通性是公共交通网络拓扑的核心。基于语义连通性的公共交通线网拓扑关系提升公共交通换乘算法的效率和信息准确度,任何两个站点之间的最优路径可以被迅速获取而不需要检索整个网络的几何拓扑信息。并且该最优换乘路径考虑到最少换乘次数、出行距离最短、费用最少、途经站点最少和换乘中最短步行距离等多目标换乘。 相似文献
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由于街景影像具有地物尺度多样化、地物界限不明确、地物光谱信息复杂等问题,造成应用统计方法、机器学习等方法对复杂度高的街景影像变化检测性能欠佳. 因此提出一种结合语义分割模型和图割(GC)的街景影像变化检测方法. 该方法首先采用Camvid数据集训练DeeplabV3+网络得到的迁移学习模型对两个时期的街景影像进行语义分割;然后采用GC方法实现消除天空和植被等对街景影像的影响;接着采用变化向量分析(CVA)获取差异影像,最后对差异影像进行二值化和精度评价. 研究结果表明,提出的方法总体精度优于大津法(OTSU)、K均值法、Segnet网络迁移学习模型方法和DeeplabV3+网络迁移学习模型方法,是一种可行的街景影像变化检测方法. 相似文献
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针对当前医疗资源分布不均的问题,本文以莱西市为例,以行政村为最小研究单元,借助GIS空间分析技术,采用改进的两步移动搜索和潜能模型法,对莱西市医疗设施空间可达性进行研究.结果表明:莱西市整体的医疗资源分配不均,具有明显的空间集聚特征,高值区域主要集中在中部地区,包括水集街道、沽河街道、望城街道和莱西经济开发区;低值区域... 相似文献
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对应用于大型活动的交通组织管理与模拟的信息系统空间数据库数据模型、道路空间网络管理技术、路径存储数据结构与编辑技术进行了分析研究,提出了基于GIS技术的大型活动交通组织模拟系统的数据模型、空间网络管理技术、路径存储数据结构与编辑的主要技术。在此基础上,通过VC++基于MO开发了应用系统。所开发系统成功应用于中华人民共和国第十届运动会的交通组织与管理,提高了交通管理的工作效率。 相似文献
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以大连市中山区6个街道建筑信息为数据基础,选取建筑景观指标,基于ArcGIS空间统计与多距离空间聚类分析方法研究了各街道10年间建筑景观空间格局分异特征。结果表明:从2003-2013年,各街道建筑景观逐渐由水平向垂直空间扩展,其中青泥洼桥街道、人民路街道及海军广场街道城市建筑景观变化明显突出;2003年4种类型建筑物在尺度为928.68 m时,空间分布上均呈聚集状态,当大于928.68 m时,超高层建筑空间聚集程度降低。到2013年,高层建筑物随尺度的增加聚集程度逐渐减低,低层、多层和超高层建筑在空间分布上均呈一定的聚集状态。 相似文献
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Measuring the Reliability of Wheelchair User Route Planning based on Volunteered Geographic Information 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Pascal Neis 《Transactions in GIS》2015,19(2):188-201
The development of a wheelchair user friendly route planning application inherits a number of special requirements and details that need to be considered during the generation of the routing graph and the corresponding algorithm, making this task much more complex than car or pedestrian related applications. Each wheelchair type and, more importantly, each individual user might have different needs with regards to the way condition or other criteria. This study proposes a new approach to route planning for wheelchair users tailored for individual and personal requirements provided by the user and the calculation of a reliability factor of the computed wheelchair path. The routing graph is based on the freely available Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) retrieved from the OpenStreetMap (OSM) project. The newly created algorithm is evaluated and tested for a selected area in Bonn, Germany. A new reliability factor is introduced that gives direct feedback about the quality of the generated path. Similar factor estimations can also be utilized for multiple route planning applications where VGI or other commercial or administrative data is implemented and more detailed factors than a simple geometric representation of a street network are of importance. 相似文献
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A Computational Method for Estimating the Demand of Retail Stores on a Street Network and its Implementation in GIS 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
This paper describes a computational method for estimating the demand of retail stores on a street network using GIS. First, the 'network Huff model' is formulated on a network with the shortest-path distance as an extension of the ordinary Huff model (which assumes a continuous plane with Euclidean distance). Second, using this model, a formula for estimating the demand is derived. This estimation formula is similar to that with the ordinary Huff model, but it has an advantage in that the formula exactly computes the demand on a network. Third, a practical method for computing the formula is developed. Finally, a method of implementing this computational method in a GIS environment is shown. 相似文献