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1.
针对空间直线拟合的整体最小二乘算法无法顾及模型误差以及空间直线拟合无法直接利用整体最小二乘进行拟合的问题,该文提出了一种基于补偿最小二乘方法的空间直线拟合方法。首先,将待拟合的空间直线分别投影至3个互相垂直的平面得到3条平面直线;然后根据补偿最小二乘方法能同时顾及数据中模型误差和偶然误差的特性,选择合适的方法求取正规化矩阵和平滑因子来平衡误差,分别求解3条平面直线的拟合参数;最后,根据3条平面直线的拟合参数重建空间直线。通过与相关文献的结果进行比较,结果表明采用补偿最小二乘方法进行空间直线拟合具有一定的可行性,可以提高空间直线的拟合精度。  相似文献   

2.
针对空间直线拟合的整体最小二乘算法无法顾及模型误差以及空间直线拟合无法直接利用整体最小二乘进行拟合的问题,该文提出了一种基于补偿最小二乘方法的空间直线拟合方法。首先,将待拟合的空间直线分别投影至3个互相垂直的平面得到3条平面直线;然后根据补偿最小二乘方法能同时顾及数据中模型误差和偶然误差的特性,选择合适的方法求取正规化矩阵和平滑因子来平衡误差,分别求解3条平面直线的拟合参数;最后,根据3条平面直线的拟合参数重建空间直线。通过与相关文献的结果进行比较,结果表明采用补偿最小二乘方法进行空间直线拟合具有一定的可行性,可以提高空间直线的拟合精度。  相似文献   

3.
针对空间直线拟合的整体最小二乘算法无法顾及模型误差以及空间直线拟合无法直接利用整体最小二乘进行拟合的问题,该文提出了一种基于补偿最小二乘方法的空间直线拟合方法。首先,将待拟合的空间直线分别投影至3个互相垂直的平面得到3条平面直线;然后根据补偿最小二乘方法能同时顾及数据中模型误差和偶然误差的特性,选择合适的方法求取正规化矩阵和平滑因子来平衡误差,分别求解3条平面直线的拟合参数;最后,根据3条平面直线的拟合参数重建空间直线。通过与相关文献的结果进行比较,结果表明采用补偿最小二乘方法进行空间直线拟合具有一定的可行性,可以提高空间直线的拟合精度。  相似文献   

4.
针对空间直线拟合的整体最小二乘算法无法顾及模型误差以及空间直线拟合无法直接利用整体最小二乘进行拟合的问题,该文提出了一种基于补偿最小二乘方法的空间直线拟合方法。首先,将待拟合的空间直线分别投影至3个互相垂直的平面得到3条平面直线;然后根据补偿最小二乘方法能同时顾及数据中模型误差和偶然误差的特性,选择合适的方法求取正规化矩阵和平滑因子来平衡误差,分别求解3条平面直线的拟合参数;最后,根据3条平面直线的拟合参数重建空间直线。通过与相关文献的结果进行比较,结果表明采用补偿最小二乘方法进行空间直线拟合具有一定的可行性,可以提高空间直线的拟合精度。  相似文献   

5.
针对传统的约束最小二乘模型和总体最小二乘模型的局限性,该文提出了一种改进的约束总体最小二乘法。假设约束总体最小二乘问题中约束方程系数矩阵也存在误差,然后构造函数模型的广义拉格朗日函数,采用最小二乘法迭代求解非线性的法方程,最终获得了改进的约束总体最小二乘法的牛顿-高斯迭代公式和平差模型精度的无偏估计。该算法采用了更接近实际的平差模型,能够获得更加接近真值的估计参数,同时平差模型的精度更加接近模拟数据加入的噪声水平。实验结果表明,本文算法可有效解决对参数进行约束时的数据处理问题。  相似文献   

6.
针对加权总体最小二乘平差模型中系数矩阵具有结构性的问题,该文设计了一种顾及系数矩阵结构性的加权总体最小二乘迭代解法:首先,利用非线性最小二乘平差方法将总体最小二乘模型线性化;然后,采用结构矩阵的方法顾及系数矩阵的重复元素和常数项,通过间接平差的原理推导了顾及系数矩阵结构性的加权总体最小二乘迭代公式,可适用于加权总体最小二乘的参数估计;最后,通过算例分析并与其他算法进行比较,验证了该算法的有效性和可行性。  相似文献   

7.
Partial EIV模型的解法   总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0  
提出了一种求解partial errors-in-variables(partial EIV)模型的思路。通过对partial EIV模型的部分元素进行移项,重组成新形式下的平差函数模型,两次运用间接平差原理分别求解平差参数与系数矩阵中的随机元素,把总体最小二乘平差问题转化为最小二乘平差问题,并通过适当变换提高了新解法的收敛速度。最后分别采用实测数据和模拟数据进行验证,求解了本文算法与已有算法的估值结果。算例结果表明,本文算法能取得与已有算法相同的结果,是切实可行的。  相似文献   

8.
针对球状模型和指数模型两种变异函数模型线性化后的系数矩阵具有非线性形式,系数矩阵元素含有随机误差等问题,该文使用非线性加权总体最小二乘法估计变异函数模型参数。以高程异常数据为例,利用变异函数值的点对数定权法和系数矩阵中距离值的方差-协方差传播律定权法迭代解算参数,并与最小二乘法,加权最小二乘法和非线性总体最小二乘法进行对比分析。实验结果表明:非线性加权总体最小二乘法能够得到更高精度的变异函数模型参数。  相似文献   

9.
采用最小二乘(LS)进行GPS高程拟合参数估计未考虑系数矩阵误差,尝试采用总体最小二乘(TLS)平差方法进行参数估计。利用本文提出的基于TLS平差的粗差探测方法进行粗差剔除的基础上,对TLS平差方法在GPS高程拟合中求解的参数及其精度进行了分析,通过与LS的对比表明,混合总体最小二乘的拟合结果最为合理。  相似文献   

10.
在测绘生产实践中经常会遇到不等精度直线拟合的问题,常规方法因忽略了设计矩阵的误差,而导致模型存在误差,从而降低了拟合精度。为了解决模型误差,数学上常用加权整体最小二乘法,但涉及较多的矩阵理论,不利于广大测绘者应用。因此,本文在深入分析直线拟合误差模型的基础上,从经典测量平差模型入手,提出用附有参数的条件平差模型求解加权整体最小二乘直线拟合参数。理论推导和算例结果表明,该模型与测量平差知识结合紧密,解决了不等精度直线拟合中存在的两个问题,且算法简单、计算误差小,能满足一般的工程技术需要。  相似文献   

11.
 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。  相似文献   

12.
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.  相似文献   

13.
The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.  相似文献   

14.
Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...  相似文献   

15.
GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.  相似文献   

16.
“4D”技术及其应用   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
介绍“4D”(即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图)系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。  相似文献   

17.
Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.  相似文献   

18.
Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.  相似文献   

19.
GIS空间数据的采集误差及其分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文详细阐述了GIS数据采集过程中的误差来源,重点分析了通过地图、遥感和摄影测量等方式采集数据所产生的误差及其特性,分析了其对GIS数据的影响与消减方法。  相似文献   

20.
地理数据库的关系模型及其实现   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4~9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。  相似文献   

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