新疆西准噶尔庙尔沟岩体的地球化学及年代学研究

新疆西准噶尔庙尔沟岩体侵入于早中石炭世海相火山-沉积建造中,主体由碱长花岗岩组成,局部分布有紫苏花岗岩和碱长花岗岩脉。碱长花岗岩及岩脉高硅、富碱、贫钙,里特曼指数(δ)=2.17~2.98,A/CNK=0.96~1.03,A/NK=1.08~1.13,为准铝质-弱过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗岩,其富集LILEs(Rb、U、K、Th),相对亏损HFSEs(Nb、Ta、P、Ti)和Ba、Sr等,以及强烈Eu负异常,过渡族地幔相容元素Cr、Ni含量低,U、Th、Pb等地壳富集元素含量较高。Sr、Nd同位素组成:(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.70370~0.70541,εNd(t)=+4.10~+6.79,tDM=0.57~0.99Ga。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年研究获得锆石U-Pb年龄为309±1.4Ma,表明岩体碱长花岗岩的形成时代为晚石炭世。紫苏花岗岩的SiO 2含量为60.88%~62.06%,Al2O3含量为15.50%~15.72%,里特曼指数(δ)=2.59~2.77,A/CNK=0.86~0.88,A/NK=1.50~1.53,为准铝质钙碱性-高钾钙碱性过渡的花岗岩,相对富集LREE(Rb、U、K、Th),而亏损HREE(Nb、Ta、P、Ti)和Sr,以及较显著的Eu负异常,过渡族地幔相容元素Cr、Ni含量低,U、Th、Pb等地壳富集元素含量较高。Sr、Nd同位素组成:(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.70382~0.70388,εNd(t)=+6.67~+6.98,tDM=0.59~0.62Ga。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年研究获得锆石U-Pb年龄为302.1±2.1Ma,表明岩体紫苏花岗岩的形成时代为晚石炭世。综合庙尔沟岩体的地质特征、地球化学特征、年代学和区域地质背景,认为庙尔沟岩体碱长花岗岩及岩脉为A2型花岗岩,紫苏花岗岩具有A型花岗岩的地球化学性质,且它们是可能来自同一个岩浆源区,属于西准噶尔后碰撞阶段的岩浆活动产物。     

北大别早白垩纪花岗岩类的Sm-Nd和锆石Hf同位素及其构造意义

大别造山带产出两期早白垩纪造山后花岗岩类:早期(≈132Ma)变形的角闪石英二长岩和斑状二长花岗岩具高钾的类埃达克岩的地球化学特征,形成于增厚地壳(>50km)的下地壳部分熔融;晚期(≈128Ma)未变形的花岗岩包括细粒二长花岗岩和钾长花岗(斑)岩,属于正常安山岩-英安岩-流纹岩系列岩石,它们形成于相对薄的地壳(<35km)的下地壳部分熔融。早期变形的花岗岩类中,角闪石英二长岩的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i=0.7066～0.7076,ε_(Nd)(t)=-20.3～-27.8,类似于扬子下地壳基性麻粒岩的Sr-Nd同位素特征,其中白垩纪岩浆锆石(≈132Ma)Hf同位素初始比值(ε_(Hf)(t))和两阶段Hf模式年龄(t_(DM2))分别为-29.30.5和303065Ma;我们认为角闪石英二长岩源于锆石Hf模式年龄约3.0Ga的基性下地壳部分熔融。早期斑状二长花岗岩的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i=0.7078～0.7083,ε_(Nd)(t)=-15.8～-20.0,类似于北大别英云闪长质-花岗质片麻岩的Sr-Nd同位素特征,其白垩纪岩浆锆石(≈132Ma)的ε_(Hf)(t)和t_(DM2)分别为-24.80.5和274434Ma。我们认为宽状二长花岗岩源于约2.7Ga的中酸性下地壳部分熔融。晚期未变形的花岗岩的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i=0.7069～0.7105,ε_(Nd)(t)=-16.4～-22.1,类似于北大别英云闪长质-花岗质片麻岩的Sr-Nd同位素特征;其白垩纪岩浆锆石(≈128Ma)的ε_(Hf)(t)具有较大的变化范围(-25.2～7.4),主要峰值为-22.5±0.5,次要峰值为-16.3±0.7,并有少量正的ε_(Hf)(t)值5.8～7.4,与ε_(Hf)(t)值对应的t_(DM2)分别为2600±40Ma、2211±68Ma和743±130Ma。我们认为晚期未变形的花岗岩源于锆石Hf模式年龄约2.6～2.2Ga的中酸性下地壳部分熔融,源区夹杂新元古代新生的陆壳。在大别造山带垮塌之前(>132Ma),增厚地壳(>50km)的下地壳存在双层结构:锆石Hf模式年龄约为3.0Ga的基性下地壳基底和约2.7Ga的中酸性(英云闪长质-花岗质)上部下地壳.在大别造山带伸展垮塌的晚期阶段(≈128Ma),减薄的下地壳(<35km)主要为锆石Hf模式年龄约2.6～2.2Ga的中酸性(英云闪长质-花岗质)岩石,并夹杂少量新元古代Rodinia超大陆裂解时形成的新生陆壳。     

甘肃北山明舒井岩体形成年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义

北山明舒井岩体为一由辉长岩、闪长岩和花岗岩构成的岩浆杂岩体。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年分别获得辉长岩442.9±1.2Ma、闪长岩437.0±2.3Ma、花岗岩435.9±2.2Ma的形成年龄。其中,辉长岩为富钙、高铁和镁的钙碱性岩,相对富集LREE和LILE、贫化HFSE,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、Zr和P,Pb正异常,具中等偏高的(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.705892)、高放射性成因Pb,低εNd(t)(0.1),锆石εHf(t)变化大(-7.1~+8.3)。闪长岩和花岗岩富钠、低钙、铁和镁,为准铝质钙碱性岩;它们富集LREE和LILE、亏损HFSE,Nb、Ta及Sr、P、Ti明显负异常;也显示中等偏高的(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.705951~0.706196)和高放射性成因Pb、低εNd(t)(-0.2~-0.1),但锆石εHf(t)明显偏正(-1.1~+12.0)。不同岩类的地球化学特征及其相对一致的Sr-Nd-Pb同位素及明显不同的锆石Hf同位素,指示它们形成于板块消减带构造环境,为源自受流体交代和陆壳物质改造的幔源岩浆与新元古代陆壳物质部分熔融的岩浆混合和分离结晶演化的产物,代表北山南部早古生代晚奥陶世-早志留世晚期与大洋俯冲消减作用有关的构造岩浆事件。     

闽西南地区才溪岩体锆石SHRIMP定年及其地球化学特征

锆石SHRIMP年龄测试结果表明,闽西南地区才溪岩体的形成年龄为150±3Ma。才溪二长花岗岩富硅、富碱,弱过铝。岩石富集LREE,具Eu负异常,*Eu值为0.54~0.66,亏损Ba、Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Eu、Ti。(87Sr/86Sr)i值较高,为0.710462~0.712265,εNd(t)为-8.68~-9.81,t2DM为1.51~1.61Ga。岩石中黑云母富铝、镁,在Fe2 -Fe3 -Mg2 三角图上落入壳幔混源区。根据岩体地质学、地球化学特征,结合岩石学和矿物学特征认为,才溪二长花岗岩是由中元古代地壳物质熔融形成的壳源型花岗岩,在岩浆形成过程中有少量幔源物质的加入,形成于由挤压向伸展过渡的构造环境。     

内蒙古乌拉山大桦背岩体成因:地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Sr-Nd-Hf同位素制约

大桦背岩体由钾长花岗岩和似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩组成。锆石LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb定年获得其侵位年龄为328.3±1.5Ma,表明该岩体属早石炭世岩浆活动产物。大桦背岩体总体上富硅(Si O2=70.59%~76.04%)、富碱(Na2O+K2O=8.41%~8.99%)、准铝质-弱过铝质(A/CNK=0.98~1.11),形成温度较低(620~810℃),属于高分异高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩。岩石富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb、Th、U和LREE,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti、P和HREE,具有较高的Th/Ta比值(10.30~21.60)及较低的Ce/Pb比值(0.90~3.13),显示大陆弧岩浆岩地球化学特征。除暗色微粒包体广泛发育外,岩体具有均一Sr-Nd同位素组成((87Sr/86Sr)i=0.704799~0.706272,εNd(t)=-8.8~-8.2)和较大变化范围的锆石Hf同位素(εHf(t)=-8.3~-2.6),暗示岩体为岩浆混合成因。结合区域地质背景,认为大桦背岩体的形成与古亚洲洋向华北克拉通之下的俯冲密切相关,是俯冲板片流体交代诱发熔融的岩石圈地幔岩浆与下地壳岩浆相混合的产物。混合岩浆在上升侵位过程中又发生了显著的分离结晶作用和较弱的地壳物质的同化混染。     

新疆西天山阿拉套山东部孔吾萨依A型花岗岩成岩年代、地球化学特征及成因

孔吾萨依花岗岩体位于新疆西天山阿拉套山南坡东侧,岩体主要由碱长花岗岩、粗粒钾长花岗岩、细粒钾长花岗岩组成。碱长花岗岩的~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄值为293.1±3.6Ma,细粒钾长花岗岩的年龄为293±3.7Ma。三类花岗岩具相似的地球化学特征,属准铝质—弱过铝质的高钾钙碱性系列花岗岩。从碱长花岗岩到粗粒钾长花岗岩再到细粒钾长花岗岩,其Eu负异常程度越来越高,元素Ba、Sr、P、Ti等的亏损及Rb、Th、U等的富集程度逐步增高,显示三者的岩浆之间具有结晶分异趋势。碱长花岗岩、粗粒钾长花岗岩及细粒钾长花岗岩均富Ga(10~4Ga/Al比值2.6～3.5)、高Fe~*值(=FeO~T/(FeO~T+MgO),0.88～0.97)和具较高的TiO_2/MgO比值(0.51～1.25),显示出典型A型花岗岩的特征。研究区A型花岗岩具有高的锆石饱和温度(853.86～931.56℃)和低的锆石Ce(Ⅳ)/Ce(Ⅲ)比值(1.9～77),暗示该A型花岗岩岩浆形成于高温和低氧逸度条件下。三类花岗岩具较高的Y含量(43.3×10~(-6)～106×10~(-6))、较高的ε_(Nd)(t)(+3.0～+5.2)和较低的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i值(0.7027～0.7069),表明孔吾萨依A型花岗岩可能源于玄武质地壳的部分熔融。但与西天山石炭纪玄武岩相比,孔吾萨依花岗岩的ε_(Nd)(t)值较低,而(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i值较高,因此孔吾萨依花岗岩的岩浆源区应有古老地壳物质的加入。     

北大别白垩纪花岗岩多期侵位与造山带演化的关系

大别造山带白垩纪花岗岩的多期侵位与地壳结构变化的关系,是研究大别造山带演化的热点和前沿问题之一.北大别造山带产出三期白垩纪花岗岩,通过对石鼓尖岩体、天堂寨岩体和薄刀锋岩体进行锆石U-Pb年龄和Sr-Nd同位素研究,探讨了北大别白垩纪三期花岗岩的侵位时间和造山带地壳结构的演化.石鼓尖石英二长岩年龄为142±4Ma,(87Sr/86Sr)t比值范围为0.707 801~0.707 870,εNd(t)值范围为-17.94~-17.09;天堂寨斑状二长花岗岩年龄为132±4Ma,(87Sr/86Sr)t比值范围为0.708 390~0.708 934,εNd(t)值范围为-16.89~-13.86;薄刀锋细粒花岗岩的年龄为130±4Ma,(87Sr/86Sr)t比值范围为0.711 424~0.714 972,εNd(t)值范围为-14.88~-12.97.这样的同位素组成显示花岗岩的多期侵位与地壳结构演化的密切关系,第一期花岗岩形成于增厚的基性下地壳部分熔融,第二期花岗岩来源于大别造山带伸展垮塌过程的中酸性中下地壳的部分熔融,晚期无变形花岗岩形成于造山带伸展垮塌后,酸性中上地壳的部分熔融.     

新疆谢米斯台地区乌兰萨拉岩体地球化学、年代学及全岩Sr-Nd和锆石Hf同位素研究

谢米斯台地区位于新疆西准噶尔北部,该地区中酸性岩浆活动强烈。本文对谢米斯台地区乌兰萨拉岩体进行了地质、地球化学、年代学及全岩Sr-Nd和锆石Hf同位素研究。结果表明,乌兰萨拉岩体是一个由碱长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩组成的复式岩体。碱长花岗岩形成时代为晚志留世(422.7±2.0Ma),岩石高硅、富碱,属于准铝质-弱过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗岩;球粒陨石标准化配分模式图显示"V"字型配分样式,Eu负异常强烈,相对富集Ga、K、Rb、Th、U和Pb,亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti、Cr和Ni等;岩石具有低(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i值(0.7017~0.7038),正的ε_(Nd)(t)值(+4.49~+6.58)和锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值(+10.0~+14.2),Hf同位素模式年龄(t_(DM2))为500~771Ma。花岗闪长岩形成时代为早泥盆世(411.7±1.7Ma),属于准铝质,高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列花岗岩;球粒陨石标准化配分模式图显示右倾型配分样式,无明显Eu异常,相对富集LREE、LILE(Rb、Ba、K)、Th、U和Pb,亏损Nb、Ta、P和Ti等;岩石具有低的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i值(0.7041~0.7046),正的ε_(Nd)(t)值(+1.66~+3.87)和锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值(+4.4~+13.9),Hf同位素模式年龄(t_(DM2))为516~1120Ma,岩石Nd同位素和锆石Hf同位素出现一定程度的解耦。综合研究认为,乌兰萨拉岩体碱长花岗岩属A_2型花岗岩,花岗闪长岩属I型花岗岩,两者都是由新生下地壳发生部分熔融而形成,前者经历了一定程度的分离结晶作用,后者受到亏损玄武质岩浆(俯冲板片脱水交代地幔楔产生的上涌岩浆)的底侵,它们均形成于陆缘弧环境。     

伊犁盆地南缘琼博拉二长花岗岩锆石年代学及形成动力学机制

西天山造山带内琼博拉地区的长条状岩体位于伊犁盆地南缘,由二长花岗岩组成。为厘定该二长花岗岩的形成机制,本文对该二长花岗岩进行了详细的锆石U-Pb年代学、主量元素、微量元素以及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素研究。LA-ICP-MS锆石年代学研究揭示出琼博拉地区二长花岗岩成岩年龄为(330.5±2.2)Ma、(339.7±2.2)Ma、(351.2±3.0)Ma,为早中石炭世花岗岩,比伊犁盆地511矿床含矿砂体的U-Pb同位素等时线年龄(308±26Ma)老,表明该二长花岗岩体可能是该含矿砂体的一部分物质来源。岩石主量元素、微量元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素测试结果揭示该二长花岗岩具有以下特征:(1)SiO_2(70.15%~73.38%)含量高,碱质(K_2O+Na_2O含量为6.32%~7.88%)含量较高,A/CNK(0.82~1.03)较高,表明二长花岗岩为准铝质岩石,属于高钾钙碱性系列;(2)LREE(50.19×10~(-6)~87.92×10~(-6))相对富集,HREE(9.44×10~(-6)~12.08×10~(-6))相对亏损,无明显Eu异常(δEu为0.71~0.97);(3)富集Rb、Th、K、Pb和Sr等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、P和Ti等高场强元素;(4)初始锶同位素比值为0.7050~0.7082,143Nd/144Nd值为0.512217~0.512254,ε_(Nd)(t)为0.3~1.0,Nd模式年龄为1010~1098 Ma。二长花岗岩的Sr、Nd、Pb同位素组成表明该岩石是由幔源玄武质岩浆与地壳重熔形成的硅铝质岩浆混染形成。结合区域构造演化,本文认为二长花岗岩形成于板块的同碰撞构造环境。     

内蒙古哈珠地区晚古生代花岗岩类成因及其构造意义

系统研究了北山造山带北部哈珠地区花岗岩类的年代学、地球化学和锆石Hf同位素特征,并据此探讨了岩体的成因及其对晚古生代构造岩浆演化的制约.锆石LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb测年结果显示花岗闪长岩（298.6±1.7 Ma）和二长花岗岩（306.0±1.3 Ma）、碱长花岗岩（289.3±1.3 Ma）分别为晚石炭世晚期、早二叠世岩浆活动的产物.花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩化学组成上表现为中钾钙碱性、Mg#值较低,分异程度中等（D.I.=79.2~86.9）,属准铝质、镁质岩石;碱长花岗岩则表现高硅、富碱、准铝,贫钙、镁、铁,分异程度高（D.I.=94.4~96.5）.三者均富集Rb、Ba、Th、U、La、Ce等,不同程度亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti、Sr、Eu.花岗闪长岩、碱长花岗岩样品的ε_Hf（t）均为正值,T_DMC主要集中于450~800 Ma.本文和最近获得的数据表明,俯冲板块脱水交代新生下地壳,并诱发新生地壳的部分熔融,形成晚石炭世花岗岩类;早二叠世由于后碰撞伸展作用导致岩石圈拉伸减薄,促使新生地壳部分熔融,再经高程度的分异演化形成本文碱长花岗岩.      

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an