河南省主要农作物虚拟水空间分布及水资源配置研究

虚拟水是当今水科学的研究热点,被认为是解决粮食与水资源安全的重要策略。在计算河南省2009年3种主要农作物生物需水量的基础上,结合作物单产得到初级产品单位虚拟水含量,明晰了这3种主要农作物的"虚拟水"空间分布格局。研究结果表明:河南省3种主要农作物中,棉花的单位虚拟水含量最高,玉米最小。空间上小麦的单位耗水量在三门峡最高,漯河最低;玉米的单位耗水量在三门峡最高,许昌最低;棉花的单位耗水量在鹤壁最高,信阳最低;3种作物单位虚拟水含量从东南向西北增加,尤其在东西方向最明显,但是不同作物又有细微差别。中东部水资源短缺区应提高玉米和小麦的种植面积,丘陵和山前平原单位耕地地表水丰富区可种植虚拟水含量较高的作物。提供了从虚拟资源视角认识水资源消耗的实证,可以对河南省农作物布局提供科学依据。     

白城市农作物虚拟水量时空分异特征研究

通过对1998～2008年白城市各县市区农作物的虚拟水量的计算,分析了白城市农作物虚拟水的时空分异特征。白城市农作物虚拟水量的变化趋势基本与粮食作物虚拟水量的变化趋势一致,总体呈现不断波动变化的状态;2004年和2007年农作物的虚拟水量相对其他年份较高,而经济作物、蔬菜以及瓜果的虚拟水量较低且变化不大。对比分析1998年、2004年和2008年5县市区虚拟水量的空间分布特征,1998年白城市虚拟水量达到了3个等级,通榆县等级最高;2004年,通榆县和洮南市虚拟水量增长最大,虚拟水量均上升了两个等级,洮北区、大安市和镇赉县虚拟水量均上升了一个等级;2008年与2004年相比,各县市区的虚拟水量均有所下降了。     

2006年山东省虚拟水分析

结合山东省的实际情况,运用FAO提供的农作物潜在蒸散计算方法,初步计算得到2006年山东省生产产品和居民消费的产品中的虚拟水含量分别为1 808.6×108m3和1 603.0×108m3,分别是实体水资源利用量的9.1和8.0倍。农作物产品虚拟水占45.5%,动物产品占30.4%,工业产品占22.8%,生活用水占1.4%;其中,粮食消费的虚拟水最大,占总虚拟水消费的18.5%,其次是蔬菜,占16.3%。从虚拟水贸易平衡来看,山东省对外净出口的虚拟水量为-205.6×108m3,而这一部分虚拟水主要是海水水产品和油料。尽管虚拟水战略提供了水资源的一种替代供应方式,但由于市场的不稳定性,也会给地区稳定和粮食安全带来一定的风险,同时,虚拟水的理论与应用也有待深入研究。     

虚拟水视角下吉林省西部玉米耕作方式优化

虚拟水研究是粮食安全与水资源安全的重要研究领域,目前的研究主要集中在宏观、中观层次上,微观层次研究甚少。为了探讨虚拟水微观层次的研究方法,本研究于2005～2007年在吉林省西部开展了玉米不同耕作方式下虚拟水变化的大田试验。通过分析6种耕作方式(65cm垄台、65cm垄沟、43cm垄台、43cm垄沟、98cm双行垄台、130cm三行垄台)之间单位质量玉米虚拟水含量的差异,及不同耕作方式对单位质量玉米虚拟水含量稳定性的影响,确定适合吉林省西部的最优玉米种植模式,以实现水资源高效利用,为解决水资源紧缺问题提供新思路。经过三年的大田试验,认为98cm双行垄台的耕作方式最佳,不仅虚拟水消耗量小,而且波动也较小,特别是在极端干旱年份其单位质量玉米虚拟水含量最低,建议本地区玉米种植方式应从65cm垄台种植改为98cm双行垄台种植。     

近50 a博斯腾湖逐年水量收支估算与水平衡分析

据博斯腾湖流域1958-2010年期间主要河流开都河、黄水沟、清水河、孔雀河的逐年流量资料,结合焉耆盆地降水、蒸发要素的同期观测资料,对大湖区的逐年水量收支进行计算,并依据水量平衡原理对博湖大湖区残差水量进行了逐年分析。结果表明：（1）1958-2010年期间年均入湖水量14.34×10⁸ m³/a,其中入湖河水约占95%;年均输出水量13.96×10⁸ m³/a,其中大湖区输入孔雀河水量约占43%,湖面蒸发耗水量占57%;湖区年均蓄水量71.57±3.92×10⁸ m³10⁸ m³/a,湖水年均水位为1 047.01±0.94 m;（2）极端水文年度水量平衡分析指出：1986年为最枯年份,入湖河水是多年平均值的62%,而出湖河水量是多年平均值的153%,导致年内湖区水位下降0.94 m;2002年最丰年份入湖河水是多年平均值的2.6倍,致使年内水位上升0.80 m;（3）残差水量逐年“正负”变化指出,湖水与地下水之间存在互补关系,过去53 a间湖水补给地下水的年均水量为0.87×10⁸ m³/a。     

吉林省西部玉米生产水足迹研究

玉米是吉林省西部的主要农作物,通过在吉林省西部开展玉米大田试验,探讨在相同的土壤及农田管理条件下,不同试验年份玉米生产需水及水分来源的变化规律,通过比较分析玉米生产水足迹的动态变化,实现水资源的合理利用,保护生态环境,促进农业的可持续发展。3 a大田试验的研究结果表明,玉米生产水足迹以绿水足迹为主,占80%以上,蓝水足迹不足1%,灰水足迹介于10%～20%之间。而在绿水足迹中,降水较充足的年份,有效降水足迹占70%以上,一般干旱年份有效降水足迹占一半,极端干旱年份有效降水足迹则只占30%,这将对土壤水分平衡带来不利影响。3a中,单位质量玉米蓝水量约0.005～0.006 m3/kg,占单位质量玉米需水量的比例低于1%;单位质量玉米绿水量为0.559～0.839 m3/kg,占单位质量玉米需水量的99%以上;单位质量玉米灰水量为0.099～0.122 m3/kg。通过对玉米生产水足迹的研究,明确了绿水在吉林省西部雨养农业粮食安全中的重要地位。     

鄱阳湖水文特征动态变化遥感监测

鄱阳湖是中国第一大淡水湖,对鄱阳湖的水文变化进行持续监测可以为流域内生态环境变化提供基础数据,有利于研究其与长江和流域内河流的交互关系,更好地服务于陆面过程模式和水资源管理。本文利用卫星测高数据反演的鄱阳湖水位数据与MODIS数据结合,对鄱阳湖2000—2015年的水位、水域面积和水量变化进行研究,并通过水量平衡模型,推导出了同期长江—鄱阳湖的水量交互。研究发现,2000—2015年鄱阳湖面积呈现波动性变化,最大水域面积为3600 km ²,是最小水域面积482 km ²的7.5倍。2004年、2007年、2009年和2011年水域面积比较低,2012年后形势好转。每年1月、2月、12月份是鄱阳湖干季,水域面积低至500 km ²,湖口处水位可低至4.71 m,湖面从南往北倾斜,南北水位差异达2.59 m。相对于2000—2015年最低水量,干季时湖泊水量平均增加量为3 km ³。每年6—9月份是鄱阳湖的湿季,水域面积一般大于2670 km ²,水位高于15 m,南北水位差异不大,相对于2000—2015年最低水量,湿季时湖泊水量平均增加量为12 km ³。2000—2015年鄱阳湖流入长江的水量范围为-7~40.66 km ³,每年有93.33%的时间水流从鄱阳湖流入长江。流入长江的水量多少具有明显的季节性,通常5月、6月流入长江的水量高于7月、8月,主要因为7月、8月长江中上游降水增加,长江干流来水增多,对鄱阳湖湖水倒灌有一定的顶托作用。     

关于白乃庙西区露天煤矿涌水量预测的探讨

位于内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗境内的白乃庙西区露天煤矿,通过详查及勘探,区内含煤地层为一套内陆湖盆相沉积的新生界第三系中新统通古尔组中段,煤层顶底板为深灰色含碳屑泥岩,矿床水文地质条件简单。露天开采日最大降水直接降落在采坑中的水量多年平均值为6.9万m3/d;矿坑涌水量为150m3/d。     

茶卡盐湖水文、水化学及资源开发研究

茶卡盐湖为一封闭的内陆湖泊,无出湖的泄水口,主要入湖水量为河水,每年总计入湖河水量为0.557×108m3/a,泉水涌水量为0.0259×108m3/a,主要出湖水量为湖面上蒸发水量,年蒸发量为1.146×108m3/a,其次为人工采盐所耗水量为0.0185×108m3/a。茶卡盐湖卤水中主要盐类为NaCl、MgCl2、MgSO4及KCl,丰水季节卤水中NaCl含量较枯水季节的高,是开采石盐的最佳时期,枯水季节卤水中的钾盐和镁盐含量较丰水季节的高,是开采钾、镁盐的最佳期,枯水季节湖水中KCl含量最高值达2.01%,平均值为1.15%,已达单独开采的品位,可修建盐田,利用盐田日晒,制取钾盐,综合开发盐湖资源经济效益高。     

城市开发区工业企业的碳排放效率比较 ——以南京江宁经济技术开发区为例

以南京市江宁经济技术开发区为例,基于199家企业样本,采用碳排放强度、单位碳排放的用水效率、单位碳排放的废弃物排放强度指数及单位产品的虚拟水含量和隐含碳排放等指标,对27种不同类型工业企业的碳排放效率进行了评价和分析。得出的主要结论为：1）不同类型工业企业的碳排放强度差异明显。南京市江宁区27类行业的平均碳排放强度为0.35 t/万元,其中电力、热力生产和供应业的碳排放强度最高,而仪器仪表制造业碳排放强度最低。2）尽管企业碳排放效率和水资源利用效率有一定的行业关联,但企业碳排放效率主要受经济效益、生产工艺、原料和能源类型等因素的影响。3）不同企业单位产品的隐含碳排放和虚拟水含量具有较大的差异。其中,轿车、铁矿石、金属铸件和摩托车等产品的虚拟水和隐含碳排放明显高于其他行业产品。4）企业碳排放与相应的三废排放强度具有一定的关联性。其中,碳排放与废气排放强度的关联度最高。5）在对未来企业排放效率评估、碳核查及碳配额分配中,不仅要考虑企业碳排放的经济效益,也要考虑企业的资源消耗和废弃物排放效率,并建立基于碳排放综合绩效评估的企业碳配额分配方案,这对于落实碳减排、推动资源节约和生产方式转变以及加强环境治理的多重目标的实现具有重要意义。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.     

PRODUCTIVITY OF AMERICAN PH.D.-GRANTING DEPARTMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .     

Deserts and Aeolian Desertification in China: Book review and some thoughts

Desertification is a global phenomenon that affects about two billion people. It occurs in arid zones where the annual precipitation is below 400 mm, partic- ularly in the marginal areas of the world＇s largest deserts. It is a result of water and wind erosion, over- grazing, global warm-ing, improper soil cultivation, and increased pressure ot population growth, and it causes degradation of soil and natural and agricultural vegetation. The direct result is less food for people and livestock, which influences pop- ulation and animal husbandry fluctuations. Despite ef- forts to combat and reduce desertification, the affected areas are annually increasing.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.     

REVIEWS OF GEOGRAPHIC SOFTWARE

Reviews of geographic software in this article: DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS. ESP GAUSS. CEMODEL S. Damus LIMDEP. William H. Greene MICROSTAT 4.1 OTIS PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System) . H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein. REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS) SPSS/PC+ URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

Guidelines to Authors

1. Aims and scope
Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions （SCAR） is a bimonthly journal that publishes in English the latest research achievements in processes and the pattems of the Earth surface system in cold and arid regions. Researches in cold regions emphasize particularly on the cold-region-characterized physical,