一种基于微信小程序在RTS2的控制框架扩展

望远镜自主控制是现代天文观测技术的重要组成部分,在当前主流的自主控制系统中,开源的远程望远镜控制系统第2版具备模块化和即插即用的设计理念,且具有快速响应能力和稳定工作的特点,被广泛应用于天文望远镜自主控制系统。由于远程望远镜控制系统第2版基于Linux平台,主要基于命令行界面(Command-Line Interface,CLI)进行远程访问控制,所以对观测人员的要求比较高。深入分析远程望远镜控制系统第2版,对JS对象标记应用程序编程接口(Java Script Object Notation Application Programming Interface,JSONAPI)进行适度改造,以JS对象标记(Java Script Object Notation,JSON)为数据传输格式,以移动终端的微信应用作为载体,跨越不同平台对天文望远镜控制系统进行数据访问和功能调用。利用微信小程序,将控制系统移植到微信小程序中,使天文技术研究人员能够方便快捷地利用移动终端在微信平台上远程控制天文望远镜和实时监控天文望远镜自主控制系统的状态。采用该模式,可扩展到天文公共对象模型(Astronomy Common Object Model,ASCOM)等其他自主控制架构,从而实现一个通用的基于微信小程序的移动终端远程控制系统。     

一种面向选址的低功耗远程电源控制和视频监控系统设计与实现

天文选址是天文研究的重要组成部分。在野外无人环境下,如何最大程度地确保望远镜正常工作是当前天文选址的迫切需求。实现了一套可以应用于野外天文定点选址情况下通过网络进行远程电源开关控制的电源控制系统,并可以根据需要实现视频图像的采集与现场状态监控。系统采用低功耗、低成本、高性能的S3C2440处理器为核心的ARM9开发,内嵌Linux操作系统,采用RS485总线与电源开关电路控制模块通信;通过OV9655的COMS摄像头采集视频。系统基于B/S构架,直接使用浏览器进行远程控制与监控,实现远程设备供电、断电复位、紧急情况强切,远端现场状态监控。此外,系统在自主望远镜维护上也有较好的应用价值。     

基于ASCOM和Modbus/TCP协议的天文圆顶控制系统

圆顶是天文望远镜系统的重要外围设备,随着望远镜技术的发展,圆顶控制技术得到不断进步。为实现云南天文台自动差分像运动大气视宁度监测仪完全自动化,开发了一套基于ASCOM和Modbus/TCP协议的圆顶控制系统。结合ASCOM天文技术标准和Modbus/TCP协议规范,详细介绍了系统的结构原理和实现方法。实测结果表明,系统具有较好的稳定性和兼容性,完全满足自动观测的需求,为中小型天文望远镜圆顶设计提供了经验和方法。     

基于ASCOM标准的天文电动调焦器设计

随着天文技术的不断发展,远程观测和自主观测逐渐成为天文观测的主流趋势,自动调焦技术也越来越受到重视。电动调焦器是天文望远镜不可或缺的附属设备,是实现自动调焦的关键设备。为实现云南天文台丽江观测站10英寸米德望远镜的自动调焦,自行研发了一套天文电动调焦器,设计相关控制电路,制定串口通信协议,并编写了一套开源天文公共对象模型(Astronomy Common Object Model,ASCOM)驱动程序SS Focuser,详细介绍了该电动调焦器的结构原理和实现方法,实测结果表明,电动调焦器具有很好的稳定性,完全满足设计要求,为天文电动调焦器设计提供了可借鉴的经验和方法。     

天文观测科学实践中心技术实现

天文观测科学实践中心是一个以天文观测为核心的网络实践体验中心,以网站的形式向公众提供服务。网站建设使用HTML、CSS、JavaScript和JSP/JaveBean等技术;基于B/S结构实现望远镜远程控制;采用Windows Media技术实现视频发布。建成的网站为用户提供了全新的天文观测实践体验机会,达到了传播天文知识的目的。     

恒星系统中暗弱伴星的高分辨率成像探测

天文图像的高分辨率重建技术日益成为天文观测的一种手段.随着云南天文台丽江高美古2.4m望远镜的建立,基于2.4m望远镜利用高分辨率图像重建技术,对恒星系统中可能存在的暗弱伴星进行探测将成为一个现实的课题.本文拟通过实验和理论计算来论证,基于2.4m望远镜,利用天文图像的高分辨率重建技术,对恒星系统中可能存在的暗弱伴星在一定亮度范围内进行探测的可行性.     

基于ASCOM及PLC的随动天文圆顶控制

四川稻城县无名山址点是云南天文台新近选定的天文台址。为实现在无名山50 cm光学望远镜开展远程自动观测,需要对圆顶进行远程自动控制驱动开发。基于天文公共对象模型(Astronomy Common Object Model, ASCOM)标准,采用Modbus/TCP协议连接可编程控制器(Programable Logical Controller, PLC),实现了圆顶的自动控制。重点介绍了圆顶控制原理和实现方法,结果表明,圆顶控制系统具有融合度高、使用方便的特点,满足远程自动观测的需求,对于中小型观测系统具有一定的借鉴意义。     

基于WebSocket的RTS2 Web控制研究

望远镜自主观测软件是自主控制天文望远镜技术中的重要组成部分,也是当前天文技术研究的一个热点。开源的RTS2是目前非常流行的望远镜自主观测的软件系统,但RTS2中提供的Web控制仅是一个演示,功能相对简单,也不具备实时性。随着HTML5和WebSocket技术的发展,在深入分析RTS2源码的基础上,实现了RTS2服务器端的WebSocket支持,利用HTML5的WebSocket技术完成了一个望远镜实时监控Web终端系统原型,为远程控制与状态实时监控提供了一个简单、方便的平台,为后续研究工作打下了良好的基础。     

现代望远镜制造中的一些问题

天文学和其他科学技术的发展,不断地要求天文望远镜的改进.最初主要依靠肉眼来进行天文观测,所以当时望远镜的光学性能要求是根据眼睛来提出的.当照相方法在天文上得到应用以后,望远镜的设计制造就从照相的要求上去考虑了.现在光电技术已开始愈来愈多地在天文上应用了,这又对望远镜提出了一些新的要求.目前,大型的天文望远镜主要是用来作照相观测(包括直接照相和光谱照相);光电观     

120cm近地天体望远镜选址

介绍紫金山天文台120cm近地天体望远镜选址情况，给出了选址点的夜天光亮度和大气视宁度，风向，风速，温度，液温差和相对温度等气象要素的观测结果，结果表明：盱眙跑马山的天文气候条件满足120cm近地天体望远镜的要求。     

Acceleration of Numerical Integration of the Equations of Motion of Asteroids

Solar System Research - Finding and studying possible collisions of asteroids approaching the Earth requires a significant amount of computation. This paper describes the R0 program created to...     

Equation of state and anisotropy of pressure of magnetars

Magnetars are the neutron stars with the highest magnetic fields up to 10¹⁵–10¹⁶ G. It has been proposed that they are also responsible for a variety of extra-galactic phenomena, ranging from giant flares in nearby galaxies to fast radio bursts. Utilizing a relativistic mean field model and a variable magnetic field configuration, we investigate the effects of strong magnetic fields on the equation of state and anisotropy of pressure of magnetars. It is found that the mass and radius of low-mass magnetars are weakly enhanced under the action of the strong magnetic field, and the anisotropy of pressure can be ignored. Unlike other previous investigations, the magnetic field is unable to violate the mass limit of the neutron stars.     

Observations of the intensity of the penumbra of sunspots

Observations of the penumbral intensity of sunspots in 13 wavelength regions are presented. In 4 wavelength regions 54 sunspots are measured. In the other wavelength regions the number of sunspots considered ranges from 3–19.The penumbral intensity alters with position within the spot. This intensity variation is found to be comparable with the change in intensity from one spot to another. The penumbral intensity is found to be independent of spot size in the sample considered.The penumbra model of Kjeldseth Moe and Maltby (1969) with = 0.055 is supported by the measurements.     

A survey of orbits of co-orbitals of Mars

Many asteroids with a semimajor axis close to that of Mars have been discovered in the last several years. Potentially some of these could be in 1:1 resonance with Mars, much as are the classic Trojan asteroids with Jupiter, and its lesser-known horseshoe companions with Earth. In the 1990s, two Trojan companions of Mars, 5261 Eureka and 1998 VF₃₁, were discovered, librating about the L₅ Lagrange point, 60° behind Mars in its orbit. Although several other potential Mars Trojans have been identified, our orbital calculations show only one other known asteroid, 1999 UJ₇, to be a Trojan, associated with the L₄ Lagrange point, 60° ahead of Mars in its orbit. We further find that asteroid 36017 (1999 ND₄₃) is a horseshoe librator, alternating with periods of Trojan motion. This asteroid makes repeated close approaches to Earth and has a chaotic orbit whose behavior can be confidently predicted for less than 3000 years. We identify two objects, 2001 HW₁₅ and 2000 TG₂, within the resonant region capable of undergoing what we designate “circulation transition”, in which objects can pass between circulation outside the orbit of Mars and circulation inside it, or vice versa. The eccentricity of the orbit of Mars appears to play an important role in circulation transition and in horseshoe motion. Based on the orbits and on spectroscopic data, the Trojan asteroids of Mars may be primordial bodies, while some co-orbital bodies may be in a temporary state of motion.     

Graphical representation of periodic motion of the line of nodes of the Moon

In the text-books of astronomy, sections generally related to the Moon deal with the orbital elements of the Earth-Moon system such asa, e, i, , and the time of perigee passage. While the MEAN of the first of the three elements do not vary, mean longitude of the ascending node-mean longitude of the lunar perigee and the time of perigee passage undergoes secular as well as periodic changes due predominantly to the action of the Sun's gravitational attraction. While to a certain degree, explanations related to the calculation of the lunar orbit parameters are given, not a single graphical representation of these short- or long-periodic changes are presented. We allow the number of data related to these periodic changes must cover a large span of time; and if regression of the line of nodes or advances of the line of apses are to be graphically seen, data covering 18.61 and 8.85 yr, respectively, are needed. In this work we particularly aim at the graphical representation of the periodic changes of the line of nodes.