Overview of technology for Internet of Things and the development strategy of marine informationization

物联网是在互联网的基础上,利用信息技术实现物体自动识别和信息共享的网络系统.介绍了物联网发展的背景、体系结构及物联网的主要关键技术,分析了物联网的主要特征和内涵;在此基础上,介绍了有关国家物联网的发展战略和现状,并结合我国海洋领域的具体情况,提出了物联网技术影响下,我国海洋信息化发展的应对策略和技术路径.     

海洋物联网技术现状与展望

海洋物联网是当前各海洋领域的研究热点之一。本文论述了海洋物联网的基本概念,介绍了国外海洋信息获取、通信传输和处理分析的技术趋势,以及我国的发展现状和不足。从海洋信息感知智能技术、海洋信息传输网络关键技术、基于人工智能的海洋大数据挖掘服务技术3个方面描述了当前需要重点解决的技术难题。     

海洋物联网云平台发展趋势与挑战

海洋物联网是利用计算机通信技术和各海洋传感器,实现海洋数据的互通互联。本文针对海洋物联网的发展过程和趋势进行了总结和梳理,阐述了海洋物联网发展面临的困难,提出了一种解决方案,并通过实际应用案例对其可行性进行了初步验证。这种方案的提出对于海洋物联网的发展具有重要作用。     

基于短波广域分集组网通信的海洋物联网

信息技术的高速发展,使海洋信息的互联互通得到世界各国的空前重视-本文通过分析国内外海洋物联网的发展,认为海洋区域中可靠远程通信手段的匮乏制约了海洋物联网的发展,提出了一种基于短波广域分集组网的海洋物联网结构,该技术通过提高短波通信的可通率与通信服务质量,解决了海洋物联网与其他网络的互联互通问题,此外,通过详细分析基于短波广域分集组网的海洋物联网在远洋渔船船队调度的应用,证明了海洋物联网可以为海洋区域的经济建设和相关活动提供信息和通信保障。     

我国海洋监测浮标技术及监测网现状及发展

海洋资料浮标可以在各种复杂的海洋环境中提供长期、连续、实时、可靠的海洋观测数据,是海洋监测技术中最可靠、最有效、最重要的手段之一。本文概述了海洋资料浮标的分类、主要理论及技术体系;总结了近年来国内海洋资料浮标发展的典型技术突破;介绍了我国目前海洋监测网的构成、应用情况,并对比了我国海洋资料浮标与国际先进国家的技术水平差距,在此基础上,结合我国当前面临的形势及需求,展望了海洋资料浮标及监测网技术的发展趋势。     

物联网在海洋相关领域研究与应用进展

随着科学技术的发展,物联网正成为海洋领域的前沿研究内容之一。在海洋观测领域,利用物联网构建海洋环境立体观测体系,对于研究全球气候变化、海上态势感知、海洋灾害预报等具有重大意义;在海岛生态监测领域,利用海岛生态物联网系统可以实现海岛生态的长期实时监测;在海洋牧场监测领域,利用物联网可以实现海洋牧场的环境、生物等要素的实时监测;在智能船舶领域,利用物联网可以实现船舶自身、港口、物流的信息自动感知。文章探讨了物联网在上述4个领域的研究与应用进展,以期进一步促进物联网在我国海洋信息化中的应用与发展。     

国内外海洋资料浮标技术现状与发展

海洋资料浮标是长期连续进行海洋监测的主要手段之一。本文简单介绍了国内外海洋资料浮标技术的现状与发展及浮标在我国海洋监测中的应用情况,提出了我国资料浮标技术的研究与发展设想。     

海洋磁场重力场信息军事应用研究现状与展望

在简要介绍海洋磁场重力场基本特征基础上,全面分析了海洋磁场重力场信息军事应用研究的现状与问题,对该研究领域的发展方向作了展望,对我国相关技术发展提出了建议。     

我国海洋调查装备技术的发展

随着人类海洋调查活动的不断加强,国内外对海洋调查装备技术日益重视,已经把不断完善和改进海洋调查装备技术作为海洋科学技术发展的重大学科方向。文章介绍我国海洋调查装备技术的发展历程,对影响我国该项技术发展的主要因素进行分析,并对未来发展趋势进行预测。     

我国海洋产业发展现状及前景分析研究

文章分析了＂十一五＂期间我国海洋产业的发展现状,从海洋生产总值、主要海洋产业发展、海洋产业结构和海洋区域布局等4个方面归纳了我国海洋产业的发展状况和特点,进而剖析了我国海洋产业发展中存在的主要问题和制约因素。在此基础上,对我国主要海洋产业未来发展前景作出分析,以期为制定海洋产业政策规划、促进海洋产业又好又快发展提供参考依据。     

海洋大数据:内涵、应用及平台建设

信息技术的快速发展,带动海洋数据快速积累,海洋已经进入大数据时代。海洋大数据即是在当前大数据时代背景下,大数据技术在海洋领域的科学实践,具有大体量(Volume)、多样性(Variety)、快速流转(Velocity)和高价值(Value)的"4V"特征,是在大数据的理论指导和技术支撑下的价值实现,也是实施海洋强国战略、开发海洋资源、拉动海洋经济、维护国家海洋权益的重要基础。本文讨论了海洋大数据的内涵和外延,从数据特征、数据种类的角度对海洋大数据进行了全面的定义;并详细介绍了海洋大数据的应用领域;进一步阐述了海洋大数据平台建设的关键技术问题及其在海洋大数据服务平台实例中的应用;从数据共享、数据管理和数据安全的角度,探讨了海洋大数据面临的挑战和机遇;最后对未来海洋大数据的发展趋势和方向进行了展望。     

Digital selective calling and direct printing techniques in the mobile maritime service

For a variety of reasons, communications with ships on the high seas have significantly lagged behind other communications services. For example, the maritime mobile service is practically the only service where manual Morse still constitutes a major part of the communications services. In the last few years, however, some new techniques have been developed which promise to improve maritime communications. This paper provides a background discussion of maritime mobile communications and describes two recent techniques, digital selective calling and direct printing in some detail, together with their impact on maritime communications and safety at sea. Finally, the status of and procedures for international acceptance and standardization are discussed, and national efforts to promote acceptance of these techniques are described.     

海洋环境大数据系统建设研究进展

海洋环境大数据是诸多学科研究领域的基础,也是实施海洋强国战略和建设海洋强国奋斗目标的先决条件。文章从全球海洋环境观测计划及系统出发,探讨现阶段全球海洋环境大数据观测、国家数据库建设、数据质控方法以及数据应用现状,阐明了海洋环境大数据在国家发展中的重要性,客观地分析了目前海洋环境大数据发展在基础设施、数据处理及数据质控能力建设等方面面临的关键问题与挑战,以期为将来海洋环境大数据在多尺度、多学科、多行业的深入发展与深度融合提供可靠的资料与建议。     

Navies — the decisions ahead

This article introduces a new feature in MARINE POLICY. The aim of the series is to present the views of specialists on questions of maritime strategy and naval policy. Future articles will focus on three broad areas: the major political and technical issues involved in framing future naval strategy; analyses of individual states' strategic outlooks and naval procurement policies; and surveys of the arenas of potential maritime conflict. Professor Peter Nailor of the Royal Naval College, Greenwich, UK, begins the series with a wide-ranging consideration of the issues confronting naval powers in the development of future maritime strategy and defence policies.     

海南省海域管理信息系统建设

海南省陆域狭小,却是我国拥有海洋面积最辽阔的省份:其海岸线长度约占全国海岸线总长1/10,法定所辖海域约占全国海域总面积的2/3。为了实现"海洋大省"的建设目标,首先建立海南省海域管理系统。该系统的主要组成:基础信息层、信息综合层和应用服务层;系统的主要功能:海域使用的申请审批、海域使用确权登记、证书打印、存储与更新、查询与检索、模型分析、产品制作等。     

Nautical education in a changing world: the case of the Netherlands

This paper is a contribution to the strategic question: How can the continuity of the current education infrastructure for the maritime industry be secured? The analysis in the paper is based on concepts from institutional economics, in particular governance of institutional structures. The analysis is applied to the Netherlands. The Dutch maritime sector is described in terms of the institutions that are related to knowledge and education. This analysis shows that these institutions, most of which take the form of explicit organisations, are all very rigid and leave little room for change and renewal. Furthermore, the social and legal structure embedded in the institutional structure strengthens, rather than thwarts, the institutional inertia. The theory on governance and organising capacity offers some short-term solutions. Long-term solutions only emerge if changes are made in the institutional structure of the knowledge infrastructure. As policy priorities, one could select the development of a research agenda for the sector, with wider possibility to fund non-technical maritime research, improvements in information concerning supply and demand of maritime training courses, and maintaining and extending teaching activities as much as possible. The ultimate goal should be to create greater knowledge awareness in the whole maritime sector, where this currently exists only in parts of that sector.     

试论我国海洋档案的管理机制与模式

提出了建立我国海洋档案的管理机制的目标与组织模式，论述了行政管理机制、业务协调机制、合同管理机制、经济管理机制和监督与激励机制等5种机制在海洋档案管理中的作用，认为在纵向上采用现有档案管理机构实施行政管理的模式，而在横向上采取成立全国性海洋档案工作协调组织的模式，通过全国海洋档案管理的协调性与指导性相结合的机构，形成纵横相结合、点面相统一的新的海洋档案管理组织模式，比较符合我国海洋档案管理的实际。     

Maritime clusters in diverse regional contexts: The case of Canada

This paper presents the main results of a project on Canada's regional clusters in the maritime industry. The objectives of this paper are twofold: firstly, the driving forces and the development processes of the different maritime clusters in Canada are described. Secondly, the role of cluster policy in promoting maritime competitiveness in Canada and the key institutional and geographic barriers that affect their growth and development are discussed. The empirical work consists of analyses and assessment of three clusters in different provinces in Canada: Quebec, Newfoundland and Labrador, and British Columbia.     

The role of the maritime industry in the Korean national economy: an input–output analysis

Environmental changes at home and abroad as well as rapid advancement in ocean technology are calling for a great shift in the perception of the maritime industry and for new policy measures. This situation demands that researchers provide policy-makers with accessible and reliable information regarding the role of the maritime industry. This study employs input–output (I–O) analysis to examine the role of the maritime industry in the national economy for the period 1975–1998, with specific application to Korea. This paper, therefore, has two major goals. The first is the development of a static I–O framework for examining the role of the maritime industry in the short run. The second goal is obtaining at least a preliminary indication of the role of the maritime industry. This study pays particular attention to the maritime industry by taking the industry as exogenous and then investigating its economic impacts. Finally, we present the results, which address inter-industry linkage effects in 32 sectors, production-inducing effects, employment-inducing effects, supply-shortage effects of the maritime sector and pervasive effects of price change in the maritime sector.     

埕岛极浅海油田高速高效开发配套技术

针对埕岛油田复杂的自然地理和气候条件,生产中配套应用了适合浅海油田开发的油藏工程、钻采工艺、海工工程、油水井监测、自动化控制及油藏生产管理综合调整等技术,使一个浅海边际油田开发获得了较高的效益,并形成了独具特色的海上油田高速高效开发配套技术。