Characteristics of Triassic Petroleum Systems in the Longmenshan Foreland Basin, Sichuan Province, China

The Triassic in the Longmengshan foreland basin is rich in oil and gas resources. Its reservoirs feature low-porosity, low-permeability, small pore throat, high water saturation, and strong heterogeneity. The existence of abnormally high pressure and various reservoir-cap combinations developed at different times provide favorable conditions for trapping oil and gas. Taking the theory of petroleum systems as a guide, and beginning with research on tectonics, sedimentary history, distribution and evolution of source rocks, reservoir evolution, hydraulic force distribution, and hydrocarbon migration, analysis and study of static factors like source rocks, reservoirs and cap rocks, and dynamic factors such as hydrocarbon generation, migration, and accumulation revealed the characteristics of the Upper Triassic petroleum system in western Sichuan province. The deepbasin gas in the central hydrocarbon kitchen of the Upper Triassic, structural-lithological combination traps on the surrounding slopes, and the structural traps of the Indo-Chinese-Yangshan paleohighs, are potential plays. The relatively well- developed fault zones in the southern segment of the Longmengshan foothill belt are favorable Jurassic gas plays. Pengshan-Xinjin, Qiongxi, and Dayi are recent exploration targets for Jurassic oil/gas reservoirs.     

Characteristics,differences and main controlling factors of source rocks in the central‐southern South China Sea Basins

The South China Sea is rich in oil and gas resources. With the increasing exploration of oil and gas resources in the northern South China Sea and the increasing demand for energy in the world, The central‐southern South China Sea have become important constituencies for oil and gas resources. The central‐southern basins of South China Sea can be divided into three types of basin groups, namely, the southern basin group (Zengmu Basin, Brunei‐Sabah Basin), the western basin group (Wan'an Basin, Zhong jiannan Basin) and the Central Basin Group (Liyue Basin, Beikang Basin, Nanweixi Basin and Palawan Basin). At present, the degree of exploration is relatively low, and the source rock has not yet formed a understanding of the system. The main source rock development time, source rock characteristics, hydrocarbon generation potential and control factors of each basin group are still unclear, which seriously restricts the exploration of oil and gas. Based on the sedimentary facies distribution and sedimentary filling evolution, combined with the geoche mical characteristics of the source rocks, the source age, organic matter type, hydrocarbon generation potential and main controlling factors of the basins in the central‐southern basins are discussed. By the detailed research on delta scale, provenance system, paleoclimate conditions, ancient vegetation development and hydroca rbon generation parent material, the main controlling factors of hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks in each basin group are revealed.     

中国多旋回叠合沉积盆地的形成演化、地质结构与油气分布规律

深入认识盆地的地质结构与构造演化,探讨盆地的油气分布规律,将为揭示中国大陆属性、资源能源分布、环境变化及油气勘探新领域奠立重要基础。本文立足于油气勘探的新资料,应用活动论构造历史观与比较大地构造学方法,分析了中国叠合沉积盆地的构造演化、构造分区、地质结构与油气成藏模式,探索油气分布规律。研究表明,中国叠合沉积盆地经历了中新元古代、寒武纪—泥盆纪(或中泥盆世)、(晚泥盆世—)石炭纪—三叠纪与侏罗纪—第四纪4个构造旋回的演化;据东西向两条构造锋线和南北(或北北东)向的两条改造锋线及西太平洋弧后盆地带,可将中国划分为北疆、内蒙古、松辽、塔里木—阿拉善、鄂尔多斯、渤海湾、青藏、四川、华南与海域等10个沉积盆地区;发育有前陆/克拉通、前陆/坳陷、坳陷/断陷、断陷/坳陷、反转断陷、被动陆缘、走滑叠合和改造残留等8种叠合盆地结构类型;发育安岳裂陷槽型、塔北型、苏里格复合三角洲型、玛湖凹陷型、陆梁隆起型、库车冲断带型、大庆长垣型、古潜山型、中央峡谷水道型、柴东生物气型、四川源内型与沁水向斜煤层气型等12种典型油气成模式;盆地内凹陷/断陷的油气分布具有空间有序性,叠合界面油气富集具优势性,油气叠合分布有强的非均一性,中西部前陆/克拉通叠合型盆地的油、气分区分布,海域被动陆缘/断陷叠合型盆地的油、气分带分布。中国多旋回叠合盆地具有独特的“三环带状”油气分布格局。     

Petroleum Geological Conditions in Qiangtang Basin

PETROLEUM GEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN QIANGTANG BASIN     

North-south Differentiation of the Hydrocarbon Accumulation Pattern of Carbonate Reservoirs in the Yingmaili Low Uplift, Tarim Basin,Northwest China

By analyzing the characteristics of development, structural evolution and reservoir beds of the residual carbonate strata, this study shows that the residual carbonate strata in the Yingmaili low uplift are favorable oil and gas accumulation series in the Tabei （northern Tarim uplift） uplift. There are different patterns of hydrocarbon accumulation on the northern and southern slopes of the Yingmaili low uplift. The north-south differentiation of oil reservoirs were caused by different lithologies of the residual carbonate strata and the key constraints on the development of the reservoir beds. The Mesozoic terrestrial organic matter in the Kuqa depression and the Palaeozoic marine organic matter in the Manjiaer sag of the Northern depression are the major hydrocarbon source rocks for the northern slope and southern slope respectively. The hydrocarbon accumulation on the northern and southern slopes is controlled by differences in maturity and thermal evolution history of these two kinds of organic matter. On the southern slope, the oil accumulation formed in the early stage was destroyed completely, and the period from the late Hercynian to the Himalayian is the most important time for hydrocarbon accumulation. However, the time of hydrocarbon accumulation on the northern slope began 5 Ma B.P. Carbonate inner buried anticlines reservoirs are present on the southern slope, while weathered crust and paleo-buried hill karst carbonate reservoirs are present on the northern slope. The northern and southern slopes had different controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation respectively. Fracture growth in the reservoir beds is the most important controlling factor on the southern slope; while hydrocarbon accumulation on the northern slope is controlled by weathered crust and cap rock.     

南海东北部珠江口盆地成生演化与油气运聚成藏规律

珠江口盆地处在南海东北部准被动大陆边缘的特殊大地构造位置,其区域背景及油气地质条件复杂。该区不仅具有中国东部新生代陆相断陷盆地的基本特征,亦具本身的特殊性。由于盆地不同区带油气地质条件的差异,故具有明显的"北油南气"分布规律及纵向上多种资源叠置共生与复合的特点:北部裂陷带及东沙隆起浅水区,处于减薄的洋陆过渡型地壳靠近陆缘一侧,其古近系断陷规模及半地堑洼陷沉积充填规模均比相邻的南部裂陷带深水区小,且地温梯度低、大地热流小,烃源岩有机质热演化处在油窗范围,以产大量石油为主伴有少量油型气,构成了以文昌、恩平、西江、惠州及陆丰油田群和流花油田群为主的北部浅水油气富集区。该区具有上渐新统三角洲砂岩及中新统礁灰岩外源型油气运聚成藏机制及含油气系统;南部裂陷带及南部隆起周缘深水区,以邻近深水区的白云凹陷北坡—番禺低隆起中小气田群和白云凹陷东部深水区LW3-1、LH34-2及LH29-1等天然气藏为代表,构成了以天然气为主但亦具石油及水合物资源潜力的深水油气富集区。由于南部裂陷带深水区处在洋陆过渡型地壳靠近洋壳一侧,地壳薄而裂陷深、断陷规模大,其与北部浅水区相比多了一套上渐新统海相烃源岩。该区地温梯度及大地热流偏高,烃源岩多处在成熟-高熟凝析油及湿气阶段,以产大量天然气及少量轻质油和凝析油为主,具有上渐新统陆架边缘三角洲砂岩和中新统深水扇混源型天然气运聚成藏机制及含油气系统。油气纵向分布具有深水海底天然气水合物及浅层气/生物气与深部常规油气共生叠置的关系。     

地球内部物质物性的原位高温高压研究：大体积压机与同步辐射源的结合

四川盆地是一个大型复合含气为主、含油为辅的叠合盆地。多旋回的沉积演化过程,孕育了多套海相、陆相烃源岩,且不同区域发育不同成因类型的烃源岩。目前下寒武统、志留系、下二叠统、上二叠统和上三叠统五套主要烃源岩均已进入高演化阶段,并以成气为主。由于多阶成烃、混源聚集和后期遭受TSR次生蚀变等成藏过程的复杂性使得天然气组分较干、碳同位素组成复杂,常规方法进行气源对比较困难。文中在对四川盆地沉积演化背景分析的基础上,通过对有效烃源岩发育特征和分布规律的探讨,分区域进行了气藏的分析,特别是对天然气组分、非烃组成(H2S、CO2、N2等)和碳同位素等资料综合研究的基础上,基本确定了各区块各含气层系的主力源岩。认为川东主力产层石炭系、三叠系和二叠系的气源分别为志留系、上二叠统龙潭组和下二叠统;川南气区震旦系灯影组、寒武系、二叠系和三叠系产层的气源分别主要来自下寒武统,上、下二叠系源岩;川西气区侏罗系和三叠系须家河组主产层的气源主要来自三叠系须家河组煤系烃源岩,下二叠统和嘉陵江组产层气源则可能主要来自二叠系;川中主要为产油区,下侏罗统自流井群原油应来自侏罗系源岩,浅部层系气源为上三叠统须家河组的陆相烃源岩,深部气藏则为寒武系烃源岩。由于川东北部烃源岩发育层数最多,且质量都较好,因此川东北部是烃类最富集的地区,也是勘探潜力最大的地区。     

Characteristics of faults and their implications for oil and gas enrichment in the Liaoxi Depression,Bohai Bay Basin,eastern China

The faults that developed in the Liaoxi Depression can be classified into three types according to their extent and connectivity with the source and reservoir rocks (i.e. type I faults, type II faults and type III faults). These faults played different roles in controlling the basin geomorphology; the formation and evolution of the source rocks, reservoir rocks, cap rocks and traps; and the migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons in the Liaoxi Depression. Extending from the basement to the Neogene strata, type I faults, which are the largest in the basin, mainly controlled the development and basin-scale geomorphology; type II faults mainly controlled the sub-tectonic zones; and type III faults mainly controlled the formation and evolution of the traps. The movements of type I and type II faults during the hydrocarbon expulsion period were closely related to oil and gas migration. The rates of fault activity varied among the different sags of the Liaoxi Depression. Type I faults in both the northern and southern sags appear to have moved considerably during the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion stages, which strongly promoted hydrocarbon migration, whereas weakly active type I faults in the central sag made limited contributions to hydrocarbon migration. The sealing behaviour of the faults controlled the hydrocarbon migration directions and locations, and the good lateral sealing ability of the type I faults in the northern and southern sags confined the accumulation of hydrocarbons within the sags independently. However, the type I faults in the central sag partially opened laterally, which increased the likelihood of hydrocarbon migration from the sag centre to the uplift and reduced the likelihood of hydrocarbon accumulation within the sag centre. Therefore, the oil- and gas-enrichment patterns in the Liaoxi Depression are closely related to the characteristics of the faults, with traps near types I and II faults showing an increased likelihood of oil- and gas-field formation, as observed with the JZ9-3, LD4-2 and LD5-2 wells, and traps located in the sags remote from types I and II faults showing a reduced likelihood of oil and gas accumulation.     

冀中坳陷束鹿凹陷潜山不整合特征与油气运聚模式

本文从冀中坳陷束鹿凹陷潜山顶面不整合接触类型及分布规律、结构特征及输导类型出发,精细刻画了不整合面之下半风化岩石层的垂向岩溶分带特征。在此基础上对典型剖面烃源岩热演化、油气运移进行模拟,建立了研究区潜山油气的运聚模式。结果表明,束鹿凹陷潜山顶面不整合包括4种接触类型、5种结构模式,具有3种输导类型,其中斜坡区和洼槽区西部以侧向型为主,斜坡区局部构造高点与洼中隆为侧向+圈闭型,凸起区以侧向+垂向型为主。不整合面之下半风化岩石孔缝洞体系发育,垂向上可划分为表层岩溶带、垂直渗流带以及三个水平潜流带,具有多期岩溶旋回特征。潜山顶部发育的垂直渗流带是油气沿不整合面运移的主力输导层,而内幕发育的多期水平潜流带是油气向内幕运移的潜在通道。深、浅部烃源岩热演化的差异以及与薄层砾岩是否接触导致了斜坡区与洼中隆潜山油气充注的差异,形成了斜坡区晚期薄层砾岩高效中转、不整合侧向运移、水平潜流带向内幕输导、顺向断层向上输导、反向断层圈闭成藏的油气运聚模式。     

准噶尔盆地陆东-五彩湾地区火山岩中天然气富集的主控因素

近年来准噶尔盆地陆东-五彩湾地区石炭系火山岩中发现了丰富的天然气资源,包括克拉美丽和五彩湾两个气田,
因此石炭系成为北疆油气勘探的主要目的层之一,陆东-五彩湾地区天然气主要位于石炭系顶部的火山岩风化壳内,主要
为煤成气,来自石炭系腐殖型烃源岩。本文在对陆东-五彩湾地区典型气藏剖面进行分析的基础上,探讨了石炭系火山岩
中天然气富集的主控因素。结果表明,邻近烃源岩和生烃凹陷有利于形成气藏;风化淋滤和构造作用的改造是火山岩物性
得到改善而发育有效储集空间的关键因素;断裂和不整合构成了油气垂向和侧向运移的有利通道;海西期以来的各个构造期,
陆东-五彩湾地区石炭系圈闭和油气藏受到了不同程度的影响,其中火山岩气藏良好的生储盖配置定型于海西期,而燕山
中期则是该区天然气成藏的关键时期。     

柴北缘油气运移优势通道特征及其控油气作用

油气运移优势通道研究对于追踪油气运移方向和预测有利勘探目标具有重要意义, 在对柴北缘地区输导层砂体展布、主要成藏期古流体势、断层倾角和区域盖层分割槽等地质条件综合研究的基础上, 分别阐述了级差优势、流向优势、流压优势和分割槽优势等4种类型优势通道的分布特征以及对油气运移的单因素控制作用, 然后进行多因素叠加, 综合分析在4种优势通道共同作用下柴北缘地区的油气优势运移方向, 进而优选勘探目标.结果表明: 冷湖-南八仙构造带具有阿尔金斜坡、赛什腾、鱼卡-南八仙3个大规模沉积体系的级差优势通道, 同时流压优势通道、分隔优势通道和流向优势通道分布范围广, 并且处于昆特依凹陷和伊北凹陷油气的运移指向区, 使得该构造带成为最有利的油气聚集带, 其次是鄂博梁Ⅰ号-葫芦山构造带; 冷湖七号东、西高点深层构造和葫芦山构造为最有利的勘探目标, 有望取得新的突破.      

准噶尔盆地南缘天然气成藏及勘探方向

准噶尔盆地南缘地区与塔里木库车坳陷有着相似的沉积地层和构造演化历史,但是天然气勘探始终未取得重大突破。本文在南缘地区天然气成因类型与气源判识的基础上,分析该地区天然气成藏条件,探讨有利勘探方向与目标层系。结果表明,南缘地区天然气存在煤型气、混合气与油型气三类,且以煤型气和混合气为主;侏罗纪煤系为该地区主要的天然气源岩,其大量生气期与背斜构造形成期相匹配,构成最佳源灶-圈闭成藏组合;二叠系湖相和上三叠统湖相-湖沼相烃源岩也是重要的天然气源岩,其主要生气期在中部地区早于绝大多数背斜构造形成期,而在西部地区与背斜构造形成期相匹配。南缘地区生烃物质基础好于库车坳陷,只是主要气源岩侏罗纪煤系的成熟度略低于库车坳陷,盖层封盖性和储层发育规模略逊于库车坳陷,但仍具备形成大规模油气田的成藏条件。深层二叠系-侏罗系-白垩系成藏组合是最为有利的天然气勘探目标层系,西部是寻找和发现侏罗纪煤系和二叠系湖相油气藏的有利目标区域,中部是寻找和发现侏罗纪煤系天然气藏的有利目标区域。中浅层白垩系-新近系成藏组合是次要的天然气勘探目标层系,具有寻找和发现一定规模天然气藏的潜力。高探1井获得重大突破充分表明制约南缘天然气勘探大发现的因素不是气源规模、运移通道、储层物性和盖层封闭性,而是有效圈闭的落实、钻井工程技术及勘探工作量的投入。     

漠河盆地北部中侏罗统烃源岩有机质评价

通过漠河盆地北部油气地质调查,圈出了与油气形成密切相关的烃源岩层（含炭泥岩）的分布范围,为下一步寻找油气资源提供了靶区。研究表明：漠河盆地烃源岩类型为黑色泥岩,烃源岩w（TOC）为0.20%~30.30%。圈出26处烃源岩区,面积134.69 km²。烃源岩样品的最高热解温度（T_max）平均值为442℃,烃源岩演化处于成熟-过成熟阶段。漠河盆地西北部的成烃地质条件：中侏罗统沉积岩系为油气储藏提供了良好的空间和气源;中生代岩浆活动及韧性剪切作用为烃源岩成气作用提供了良好的温度条件;张性断裂、裂隙和碎裂岩化构造为油气运移和储存提供了运移通道和储存空间。     

青藏高原东北缘六盘山盆地烃源岩的地球化学特征

在前人认识的基础上,依据近年来的勘探成果,对六盘山烃源岩进行了评价分析,发现目前较明确的3套主要烃源岩中,白垩系下统的乃家河组、马东山组和李洼峡组源岩在盆地内分布较广,除北部埋藏较浅的区域未成熟外,大部分已趋于成熟。石炭系也是重要的源岩,由于埋藏较深,后期改造作用大,应以找气为勘查目标。三叠系烃源岩成熟度较好,但分布范围局限,勘探潜力受到影响。盆地的诸多油气显示及地面油气异常响应特征,充分证实了该盆地具有烃类的生成、运移和聚集的过程。整个盆地的油气地球化学异常响应特征明显,油气苗显示丰富,分布广泛。地球化学勘探测量发现了盆地内有3个近东西向展布的油气地球化学异常区带。根据三维荧光光谱图,对油气属性进行了判别,均表现为轻质油的地球化学特性。     

马来盆地成藏规律研究及有利区预测

马来盆地烃源岩包括湖相页岩和河流三角洲相煤、页岩.湖相烃源岩为盆地主力烃源岩,K组页岩是盆地中生烃潜力最好的烃源岩.盆地中部源岩通常都是过成熟,边缘大多处于生油窗或未成熟.中-晚中新世马来盆地发生构造反转,反转主要集中在盆地的东南部和中部,构造反转与油气成藏关系密切.盆地中央的反转强度比侧翼大,东南方向反转强度增加.马来盆地大致划分为4个成藏组合带：基底成藏组合带、下部成藏组合带、中部成藏组合带和上部成藏组合带.晚渐新世-中中新世构造成藏组合带为马来盆地内最重要的一个成藏组合带,其石油储量占整个盆地的85%,天然气占48%.盆地烃源岩经历多期生烃和混合生烃的过程,在盆地南部烃源岩生烃受到抑制.油气运移以横向运移为主,垂向运移为辅.油气藏分布主要受烃源岩成熟度和盆地形态的控制,呈现东南部和中部为油藏、北部为气藏的分布格局.将马来盆地划分为6个大勘探区域,其中东南挤压背斜区是马来盆地主力油气产区,石油储量占整个马来盆地的69%,天然气储量占62%.提出9个潜在有利目标区,其中3个为潜在勘探有利区,6个为新兴勘探区.     

马来盆地成藏规律研究及有利区预测

马来盆地烃源岩包括湖相页岩和河流三角洲相煤、页岩.湖相烃源岩为盆地主力烃源岩，K组页岩是盆地中生烃潜力最好的烃源岩.盆地中部源岩通常都是过成熟，边缘大多处于生油窗或未成熟.中-晚中新世马来盆地发生构造反转，反转主要集中在盆地的东南部和中部，构造反转与油气成藏关系密切.盆地中央的反转强度比侧翼大，东南方向反转强度增加.马来盆地大致划分为4个成藏组合带：基底成藏组合带、下部成藏组合带、中部成藏组合带和上部成藏组合带.晚渐新世-中中新世构造成藏组合带为马来盆地内最重要的一个成藏组合带，其石油储量占整个盆地的85%，天然气占48%.盆地烃源岩经历多期生烃和混合生烃的过程，在盆地南部烃源岩生烃受到抑制.油气运移以横向运移为主，垂向运移为辅.油气藏分布主要受烃源岩成熟度和盆地形态的控制，呈现东南部和中部为油藏、北部为气藏的分布格局.将马来盆地划分为6个大勘探区域，其中东南挤压背斜区是马来盆地主力油气产区，石油储量占整个马来盆地的69%，天然气储量占62%.提出9个潜在有利目标区，其中3个为潜在勘探有利区，6个为新兴勘探区.     

Oil and Gas Accumulation in the Foreland Basins, Central and Western China

<正>Foreland basin represents one of the most important hydrocarbon habitats in central and western China.To distinguish these foreland basins regionally,and according to the need of petroleum exploration and favorable exploration areas,the foreland basins in central and western China can be divided into three structural types:superimposed,retrogressive and reformative foreland basin(or thrust belt),each with distinctive petroleum system characteristics in their petroleum system components(such as the source rock,reservoir rock,caprock,time of oil and gas accumulation,the remolding of oil/gas reservoir after accumulation,and the favorable exploration area,etc.).The superimposed type foreland basins,as exemplified by the Kuqa Depression of the Tarim Basin, characterized by two stages of early and late foreland basin development,typically contain at least two hydrocarbon source beds,one deposited in the early foreland development and another in the later fault-trough lake stage.Hydrocarbon accumulations in this type of foreland basin often occur in multiple stages of the basin development,though most of the highly productive pools were formed during the late stage of hydrocarbon migration and entrapment(Himalayan period).This is in sharp contrast to the retrogressive foreland basins(only developing foreland basin during the Permian to Triassic) such as the western Sichuan Basin,where prolific hydrocarbon source rocks are associated with sediments deposited during the early stages of the foreland basin development.As a result, hydrocarbon accumulations in retrogressive foreland basins occur mainly in the early stage of basin evolution.The reformative foreland basins(only developing foreland basin during the Himalayan period) such as the northern Qaidam Basin,in contrast,contain organic-rich,lacustrine so urce rocks deposited only in fault-trough lake basins occurring prior to the reformative foreland development during the late Cenozoic,with hydrocarbon accumulations taking place relatively late(Himalayan period).Therefore,the ultimate hydrocarbon potentials in the three types of foreland basins are largely determined by the extent of spatial and temporal matching among the thrust belts,hydrocarbon source kitchens,and regional and local caprocks.     

沉积盆地超压系统演化与深层油气成藏条件

晚期成藏是大中型油气田形成的重要特征。从晚期成藏的观点出发，深层油气藏的形成需要盆地深层发育仍处于有利生，排烃阶段的源岩，具有较高孔隙度，渗透率的深部储层，以及有利的储层－盖层能量配置，在超压盆地中，超压对生烃的抑制作用使常压盆地中已过成熟的源岩保持在有利的生，排烃阶段，从而为深层油气成藏提供较好的烃源条件，超压条件下低有效应力引起的机械压实程度减弱，流体流动性减弱引起的化学胶结作用减缓及有机酸对矿物的溶解作用使深埋超压储层保持较高的孔隙度和渗透率。然而，由于超压引起的地层天然水力破裂和流体穿层运移。超压环境深部油气藏的形成和保存需要有效的储层－盖层能量配置。     

准噶尔盆地南缘东段油气成藏条件及成藏模式

准噶尔盆地南缘东段是准噶尔盆地油气勘探的重点地区。以成盆、成烃和成藏理论为指导，应用盆地分析、有效烃源岩评价、储层（裂缝）预测、盆地模拟及流体包裹体分析等技术和方法，综合研究分析了准噶尔盆地南缘东段油气成藏条件，预测了油气资源潜力，建立了油气成藏模式。研究结果表明，该区发育上二叠统、中上三叠统和中下侏罗统三套烃源岩。最主要的烃源岩层为上二叠统，是油气资源分布的主要层位；主要储集层为柴窝堡区块的上二叠统和米泉区块的中下三叠统及中下侏罗统，其物性较差，总体为较好含气储层，是主要的勘探目的层。存在自源（侧向排烃）、它源（垂向排烃）两类油气成藏模式。柴窝堡区块北部和米泉区块仍然是有利的油气勘探地区。     

珠江口盆地文昌A凹陷烃源岩特征及热成熟演化史

在烃源岩分布特征及有机质丰度、类型和成熟度分析的基础上,运用含油气盆地数值模拟技术,定量恢复了烃源岩热成熟演化史.研究表明,文昌A凹陷各层系烃源岩分布广,厚度大,有机质丰度高;有机质类型文昌组偏Ⅱ1型,恩平组偏Ⅲ型,二者现今多处于高成熟—过成熟阶段.凹陷内烃源岩成熟时间早（文昌组约45.5 Ma）,成熟度高,以干气生成为主;凹陷边缘烃源岩成熟时间较晚（文昌组约30.0 Ma）,成熟度相对较低,以石油生成为主.凹陷内气藏及凹陷边缘油藏的分布格局受制于有机质类型差异和不同的热演化史.气藏的天然气来自文昌组石油裂解气以及恩平组自身生成的天然气,油藏的石油来自文昌组和恩平组,且油气勘探的方向：凹陷内以天然气为主,边缘以石油为主.