综合保护与发展策略在自然保护区管理中的初步运用

在很多情况下，自然保护区管理与保护区周边社区的发展处于矛盾之中。高黎贡山国家级自然保护区地处滇西民族地区，生物多样性保护面临着社区发展的很大压力。综合保护与发展的思想对解决这样的矛盾提供了很好的思路，即要确保生物多样性保护，就需要调和保护区管理与当地社区的社会与经济需求，在保护区外向当地社区提供可行的经济替换，减轻他们对保护区的依赖，从而使当地群众在自然资源管理中扮演积极的角色。高黎贡山国家级自然保护区保山管理局在加强依法管护的同时，运用综合保护与发展策略，将保护区管理与周边社区的发展联系起来，利用自身的一些优势，为周边社区引进项目、资金、技术，促进社区资源管理与经济发展，减缓了社区对保护区的压力，提高了社区群众对自然保护和可持续发展的认识，有的村社还组织起生物多样性保护协会、森林共管委员会等保护性组织，积极参与保护工作。     

基于倾向得分匹配方法的中国自然保护区缓解人类活动压力评估

科学地评估自然保护区缓解人类活动压力的效果,对于有效的自然保护至关重要。目前中国国家尺度下的这方面研究,仅将保护区内、外的人类活动压力进行对比,其缺陷是样本选择性偏差会导致评估结果的不合理。本文选择了倾向得分匹配（Propensity Score Matching）方法来克服保护区评价中的样本选择性偏差问题。首先耦合多源数据构建了2013年、2015年、2017年的人类活动压力指数,然后采用倾向得分匹配方法对自然保护区内、外的随机点进行匹配,使两个对比组的观测变量尽可能相似。最后通过相对有效性指标和面板模型从不同层面评估了中国680个自然保护区在2013—2017年间缓解人类活动压力的效果。研究结果表明：① 2013—2017年,全国86.72%的自然保护区内人类活动压力指数呈现上升趋势,其面积占保护区总面积的43.80%。② 69.85%的自然保护区在缓解人类活动压力方面的效果较好。其中,除了海洋海岸、野生植物、野生动物类的保护区以外,其余保护区类型都表现出较好的缓解人类活动压力的效果,且保护区级别越高,保护效果越好。③ 中国自然保护区建设在2013—2017年间能缓解22.90%的人类活动压力,且保护区缓解人类活动压力的能力存在区域性差别。本文研究结果可为中国自然保护区监测、评估和管理提供更科学的参考依据。     

社区可持续生计项目影响的参与式评估

以一个社区太阳能项目为例,借助可持续生计框架,通过半结构访谈等参与式方式,协助村民自主开发评估指标,围绕指标开发调查问卷,协助农户参与完成整个评估过程。评估得出太阳能项目对社区有显著的正面影响。项目对社区的自然资产、金融资产和人力资产的增加作用相对更大。在案例分析的同时,探讨了社区发展项目中,参与式社区影响评估的方法和操作过程。     

广西壮族自治区合浦儒艮国家级自然保护区的海草生境保护成效研究

全球海草床生态系统不断衰退,海草生境的保护和修复成为当前的研究热点。广西壮族自治区合浦儒艮国家级自然保护区是中国重要的海草保护区,该保护区及其周边区域的海草床退化严重,因此,分析该保护区对海草生境的保护成及其存在的问题,对海草保护具有重要意义。利用广西壮族自治区合浦儒艮国家级自然保护区生态环境资料和常年监测数据,以该保护区海草和互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)面积的变化率为评价指标,评价了该保护区及其邻近海域的海草生境保护成效;采用有机污染综合指数评价法和富营养指数法,分析了该保护区所在海域的水环境质量。研究结果表明,1987～2017年期间,该保护区及其周边海草分布面积总体在减少;2005～2016年期间,该保护区内互花米草分布面积不断扩大;1991～2016年期间,该保护区海域水体有机污染程度为3级和4级,水体营养水平从中营养降低为贫营养水平;该保护区当前面临的主要问题是人类活动的严重干扰,其基础建设和管理水平有待提高。建议该保护区加强管理能力建设,结合宣传教育和社区共管,提升公众保护意识,促进海洋资源可持续利用,并积极探索海草恢复的有效方法。     

遗址保护区乡村居民景观价值感知与态度评价——以汉长安城遗址保护区为例

在与社区相关的开发或保护活动中,社区居民主观态度直接影响着规划项目可行性。探索适用的社区态度表达方法,成为社区有效参与规划决策的关键。利用参与式制图和半结构访谈的方法,对汉长安城遗址保护区9个村落的243位居民景观感知价值进行调查,采用热点分析、对应分析和相容度指标分析,揭示居民感知的景观价值空间构成,景观价值与土地利用的对应关系及其与现有搬迁保护方案的相容度,在此基础上识别出4种社区态度类型区域。研究表明:1基于相容度反映的汉长安城遗址社区态度具有地点依赖性,这种态度的空间差异为社区规划管理、矛盾冲突管控提供了更细致的社会数据支持;2案例社区居民景观感知价值在空间分布上具有规律性,并与一定的物质景观基础(土地利用)相关联,这种关联性的认识,有利于解释景观变化可能产生的社会现象;3参与式制图结合景观价值的调查为感知景观的研究提供了有效方法,通过制图可视化,统计分析和指标模型构建,能够揭示景观感知价值的空间结构特征。     

福建漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区公共管理研究

建立自然保护区是进行生物多样性保护和生态系统功能恢复的最重要措施之一,如何有效管理自然保护区是当前自然保护区决策者、社区居民和研究者共同关注的问题。利用文献调研法、问卷调查法和数理统计法等,对福建省漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区管理中的利益相关者进行分析,从生态、经济和社会价值角度探讨该保护区的公共管理。研究结果显示,可以将漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区管理中的利益相关者划分为确定型、预期型和潜在型;其中,确定型利益相关者为政府、当地社区、非政府组织、企业与旅游公司,其对该保护区管理具有重要作用;政府关注生态价值,当地社区关注经济价值,非政府组织关注社会价值,企业与旅游公司关注经济价值。根据保护区管理中的利益相关者分析结果,对漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区具有的生态价值、经济价值和社会价值进行分类管理,构建合理的公共管理模式。     

云南自然保护区与周边社区冲突的形式与原因分析

在概括了云南省自然保护区与周边社区的冲突形式后,深入分析了冲突的深层次原因,认为云南省自然保护区大多设立在少数民族集聚的偏远山区,当地居民生活水平低下,生产生活严重依赖当地的自然环境和自然资源,保护区的建立打断了居民与环境的紧密联系,使得社区居民生存空间狭小,生活水平下降,丧失部分发展机会,在保护区建设和开发中得不到利益分配。基本结论是冲突和矛盾的解决必须基于体制的改善,必须充分考虑保护区周边社区居民的基本权益。最后针对云南省的情况提出一些改善意见。     

盐城世界生物圈保护区十年评估与启示

中国自然保护区建设已有近60年的历史,并成为我国最有效的保护生物多样性网络。如何对已建自然保护区,特别是快速演变的湿地类型自然保护区的保护成效进行评估已成为我们面临的最紧迫任务之一。中国人与生物圈国家委员会对其认定的保护区开展评估已有多年,但政府部门和学术界对此知之甚少。以中国人与生物圈国家委员会对以盐城世界生物圈保护区十年评估为案例,介绍了该组织对自然保护区保护成效评估方式与过程、特点,提出了我国湿地自然保护区今后如何开展保护成效评估的3点启示:1我国自然保护区事业必需转型到重建设和保护成效的新阶段;2对保护对象的科学研究和长期监测是提高保护成效的重要基础;3要特别重视滨海湿地的保护。     

基于MCR和多因素评价的辽宁省农村居民点调控分区

农村居民点调控既要体现社会经济特征的差异,又要体现区位条件适宜性的差异。首先,通过运用最小累积阻力模型(MCR)评价农村居民点图斑的区位适宜性,通过适宜值加权求和汇总各县市单元微观区位适宜值。其次,运用多因素综合评价方法,从社会条件和经济条件等方面评价辽宁省各县市农村居民点调控的优先度,通过运用指标判别分析法,确定省域农村居民点分区调控方案。结果表明:(1)基于MCR模型的评价结果将农村居民点的适宜性划分为高度适宜类、较适宜类、一般适宜类和不适宜类,高适宜类主要集中在中部平原地区且较适宜类和一般适宜类围绕高度适宜类成带状或片状分布;(2)运用多因素综合评价模型,将优先度评价指标值按照1/3法分为强、中、弱3级,中部平原优先度条件好,东部沿海地区优先度条件也较好,西部山地丘陵区地区中有些县市由于农村居民点数量大,优先度也较高;(3)运用指标判别法综合考虑图斑层面的区位条件和宏观层面的社会经济状况,划分优先调控区、重点调控区、优化调控区和适度调控区。     

福建漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区建立对毗邻社区居民的影响研究

自然保护区的建立对改善区域生态环境、保护生物多样性和恢复生态系统功能具有重要作用.如何处理自然保护区生态保护与毗邻社区社会经济发展之间的关系,是当前自然保护区研究者、决策者和社区居民共同关注的问题.利用文献调研法、问卷调查法、访谈法和意愿调查法等,分析福建漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区的建立对毗邻社区居民的影响.研究结果表明,大部分社区居民对福建漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区的建立持赞同态度,这种态度受被调查者的教育程度、年龄和性别的影响;保护区的建立使大多数社区居民收入减少,而社区居民没有得到相应的补偿;社区居民面临着缺少资金、补偿制度缺失和缺乏生产技术等问题;提出了福建漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区毗邻社区社会经济可持续发展的建议.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

Assessment of GIAHS in Shizuoka: The Traditional Tea-grass Integrated System

<正>1 Introduction In 2013,Chagusaba,which is traditional tea-grass integrated system in Shizuoka,were accepted as new world heritage site of agriculture.Shizuoka prefecture occupies a variety of elevations,from 0 to 3000m or more above sea level.Because of the diversity of land features and climates,this area produces 167 agricultural commodities.In addition,a lot of traditional agriculture and over200 local native varieties of crops have been conserved in Shizuoka     

ERAHS: A New Platform for the Exchange of Regional Information and Experience on Agricultural Heritage Systems

<正>There are more than 10000 years of agricultural development history in the world that has provided very fruitful and ingenious traditional knowledge and experiences reflecting the evolution of humanity and the nature.In2002,the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)initiated an international partnership initiative of"Conservation and Adaptive Management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The City in Cultural Context . John Agnew, John Mercer, David Sopher, eds. Soils and Geomorphology Peter W. Birkeland. Urbanization and Settlement Systems, International Perspectives . L. S. Bourne, R. Sinclair, and K. Dziewoński. eds. An Introduction to Urban Historical Geography . Harold Carter. Overshoot, The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change . William J. Catton, Jr. Rivers of the World . Eberhard Czaya. Jewish Communities in Frontier Societies: Argentina, Australia and South Africa . Daniel J. Elazar with Peter Medding. Color in Public Spaces: Toward a Communication-Based Theory of the Urban Built Environment. Kenneth E. Foote. Spatial Statistics and Models. Gary L. Gaile and Cort J. Willmott, eds. Mega-Geomorphology. Rita Gardner and Helen Scoging, eds. Technological Change and Regional Development. Gillespie, ed. The Arid Lands: Their Use and Abuse. R. L. Heathcote. The Location of Industry in Britain. A. G. Hoare. Groundwater as a Geomorphic Agent . R. G. LaFleur, ed. Rural Public Services: International Comparisons. Richard E. Lonsdale and Gyorgy Enyedi, eds. Saving Water in a Desert City. William E. Martin, Helen M. Ingram, Nancy K. Laney, and Adrian H. Griffin. Water Resources: Distribution, Use and Management. John R. Mather. Transnationals and the Third World: The Struggle for Culture. Armand Mattelart. South Hadley, MA: USGS Digital Cartographic Data Standards. R. B. McEwen, R. E. Witmer, and B. S. Ramey, eds. The Ecosystem Concept in Anthropology. Emilio F. Moran, ed. Boulder, CO: Women, Men, and the International Division of Labor. June Nash and Maria Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, eds. Nuclear Power: Assessing and Managing Hazardous Technology. Martin J. Pasqualetti and K. David Pijawka, eds. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science 1815-1840. Elizabeth Chalmers Patterson. An Introduction to Coastal Geomorphology. John Pethick. Late Quaternary Environments of the United States , Vol. 1, The Late Pleistocene. Stephen C. Porter, ed. Planning and Ecology. R. D. Roberts and T. M. Roberts, eds. Regionalism and the Pacific Northwest. William G. Robbins, Robert J. Frank, and Richard E. Ross, eds. Environment and Health. Anthony J. Rowland and Paul Cooper. Sunbelt/Snowbelt: Urban Development and Regional Restructuring. Larry Sawers and William K. Tabb, eds. The Bad Earth. Environmental Degradation in China. Vaclav Smil. Armonk, NY: Voyage into Substance: Art, Science, Nature, and the Illustrated Travel Account, 1760–1840. Barbara Maria Stafford. The Institute of British Geographers: The First Fifty Years. Robert W. Steel. Visions of the Past. Christopher Taylor and Richard Muir. Glacial Lake Agassiz. J. T. Teller and Lee Clayton, eds. The Tule Breakers: The Story of the California Dredge. John Thompson and Edward A. Dutra. The Balkan City 1400–1900. Nikolai Todorov. Explanation, Prediction and Planning: the Lowry model. Michael J. Webber. Mercedes Reales: Hispanic Land Grants of the Upper Rio Grande Region. Victor Westphall. The World Atlas of Revolutions. Andrew J. M. Wheatcroft. The West European City, A Social Geography. Paul White. Urban Elites and Mass Transportation. J. Allen Whitt. Princeton, NJ: Urban Life In Contemporary China. Martin King Whyte and William L. Parish. The Demand for Energy in the Soviet Union. David Wilson. London and Canberra: Rethinking Geographical Inquiry. J. David Wood, ed.     

PRODUCTIVITY OF AMERICAN PH.D.-GRANTING DEPARTMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

Journal of Resources and Ecology Total Contents of Volume 5, 2014

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BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .