乌苏里江唇耗氧率和窒息点的初步研究

进行不同温度和不同规格人工养殖的乌苏里江唇(Hemibarbus labeo)耗氧量(MO2)、耗氧率(WO2)和窒息点(SO2)的初步测定。结果表明:水温16~28℃范围内,随着水温的升高,耗氧率、耗氧量和窒息点都表现出增大的变化趋势。温度和耗氧率的回归方程:1龄鱼体重11 g的为WO2=0.0142T-0.0863(R2=0.9617),2龄鱼体重60 g的为WO2=0.0138T-0.1121(R2=0.97);温度和窒息点的回归方程:1龄鱼体重8 g的为SO2=0.0298T-0.1891(R2=0.977 8),2龄鱼体重40 g的为SO2=0.048 8T-0.402 5(R2=0.999 7)。体重20~100 g范围内,水温25℃时,随着体重规格的增大,耗氧量逐渐升高,耗氧率逐渐减小。体重和耗氧率的回归方程为WO2=0.7825W-0.2898(R2=0.947 4),体重和耗氧量的回归方程为MO2=0.7837W0.7097(R2=0.991 6)。唇鱼的昼夜耗氧率(水温25℃,体重72 g)有一定的变化趋势,早间4~10时耗氧率较高,平均在0.332±0.046 mg/(g.h),午间11~19时中等,在0.287±0.030 mg/(g.h),晚间20~3时较低,在0.251±0.029 mg/(g.h)。     

张家口坝上高背型鲫鱼耗氧率和窒息点的初步研究

研究张家口坝上两个规格高背型鲫鱼在不同温度下的耗氧率和临界窒息点.结果显示:在水温24.9~33.0℃条件下,体长76.13±4.66 mm、体质量7.56±1.48 g 的小规格鱼24 h 平均耗氧量为0.220±0.087 mg/(尾·h),耗氧率为0.029±0.012 mg/(g·h),窒息点为0.03 mg/L;在水温12.4~13.4℃条件下,体长153.00±6.66 mm,体质量53.43±6.59 g 的大规格鱼24 h 平均耗氧量为0.506±0.145 mg/(尾·h),耗氧率为0.010±0.003 mg/(g·h),窒息点为0.02 mg/L.高背鲫鱼耗氧率存在明显的昼夜变化,昼间高于夜间,并在7:00-9:00、15:00-17:00出现两个高峰.该鱼窒息点极低,在溶解氧较低的环境下仍能存活,并且达到窒息点的耗时与水温密切相关     

盐度和体质量对波纹龙虾耗氧率和排氨率的影响

利用室内实验生态学方法研究不同盐度和体质量对波纹龙虾的呼吸和排泄的影响.结果表明:不同盐度和体质量对波纹龙虾耗氧率和排氨率有显著影响(p <0.05).盐度为18~34时,波纹龙虾的耗氧率和排氨率先下降再升高,盐度26和30时较小,耗氧率分别为0.1305±0.0105 mg/(g·h)和0.1314±0.0052 mg/(g·h),排氨率分别为0.1733±0.0039 mg/(g·h)和0.1724±0.0044 mg/(g·h).波纹龙虾耗氧量(MO)和排氨量(MN)与体质量(m)呈正相关,而耗氧率(RO)和排氨率(RN)与体质量呈负相关,其关系式可表示为:MO =1.4921 m 0.4190和MN=1.1295 m 0.6988;RO=2.9333 m -0.7343和RN=1.1291 m -0.3011.     

平鲷Rhabdosargus sarba(Forskl)幼鱼耗氧率的初步研究

采用流水呼吸装置研究平鲷的耗氧率。结果表明 :平鲷幼鱼的耗氧量随幼鱼体重的增加而增加 ,耗氧量与体重的关系式为 Y=1.2 62 X0 .80 2 或 Y=0 .560 0 .772 X。平鲷幼鱼的耗氧率随幼鱼体重的增加而下降 ,耗氧率与体重的关系式为 Y=12 52 .155X-0 .2 0 9或 Y=1355.2 83- 98.0 4 3X.盐度变化对平鲷幼鱼的代谢水平有很大的影响。平鲷幼鱼的代谢水平存在着明暗变化 ,水流越快 ,耗氧时越高     

山东早前寒武纪变质地层形成年代

在鲁西地区,确定了泰山岩群主体形成时代为2 750-2 700 Ma,属新太古代早期。锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年：雁翎关组角闪变粒岩（2 747&#177;7）Ma,柳杭组黑云变粒岩（2 739&#177;16）Ma、（2 703&#177;6）Ma,侵入雁翎关组底部透闪阳起片岩的片麻状石英闪长岩（2 740&#177;6）Ma。济宁（岩）群碎屑锆石年龄（2 700-2 665）Ma,岩浆锆石年龄（2 561&#177;24）Ma,所以济宁（岩）群形成于新太古代晚期,而不是以往认为的古元古代。在鲁东地区,发现了中太古代表壳岩系、花岗质岩石和新太古代早期TTG花岗质岩石;荆山群和粉子山群的形成时代为古元古代晚期。荆山群大理岩被锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄（1 868&#177;11）Ma、（1 852&#177;9）Ma的莱州组合西水夼单元辉长岩、闪长岩侵入,并一起遭受变质变形作用改造。     

温度、盐度、pH和体质量对尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼窒息点的影响

利用实验生态学的方法研究不同温度(15、20、25、30和35℃)、盐度(0、5、10、15和20)、pH(5、6、7、8和9)和体质量(1.93±0.08、3.43±0.12、7.95±0.34、11.74±0.41和15.84±0.61 g)对尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼窒息点的影响,并建立温度、盐度、pH、体质量与罗非鱼窒息点间的回归方程。结果表明:温度t、盐度S、pH和体质量m对尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼窒息点有显著影响(P<0.05)。当温度、盐度、pH和体质量分别为25.28℃、3.6、8.06、6.3 g时,窒息点(DAP)最低,回归方程为DAP=0.000 9 t 2-0.045 5 t+0.726 6(R2=0.952 1),DAP=-0.000 1 S 3+0.004 2 S 2-0.023 9 S+0.111 9(R2=0.922 8),DAP=0.009 3 pH2-0.149 9 pH+0.7174(R2=0.976 8);DAP=-0.000 3 m3+0.011 1 m2-0.104 3 m+0.362 8(R2=0.948 4)。在溶氧不足情况下,温度25.28℃、盐度3.6、pH 8.06的环境条件有助于提高幼鱼耐低氧能力。     

近江牡蛎耗氧率和排氨率的研究

采用室内实验生态学方法研究近江牡蛎的耗氧率和排氨率。结果表明,在实验温度13~33℃范围内,近江牡蛎的耗氧率(RO)和排氨率(RN)与体重(W)均呈负相关,可用Y=aW-b表示。耗氧率和温度的关系可表示为RO=-c+b1t-b2 t2,耗氧率为0.626~2.354 mg.g-1.h-1;在温度13~28℃范围内,耗氧率随温度的升高而增加,28℃时,耗氧率达最大值,温度升高至33℃时,耗氧率反而下降。排氨率与温度的关系可表示为RN=c1e d1t,排氨率为0.075~0.318 mg.g-1.h-1,且随温度的升高,排氨率呈持续升高趋势。近江牡蛎呼吸和排泄Q10值范围分别为0.631~3.399和1.046~2.288。在28℃,不同规格近江牡蛎呼吸氧原子数与排出氨氮原子数的比值(nO/nN)均达到最大值。方差分析表明,体重、温度及二者的交互作用对近江牡蛎的耗氧率和排氨率均有极显著的影响(P<0.01)。近江牡蛎的日常代谢明显高于标准代谢,耗氧率和排氨率平均值分别提高46.8%和67.7%。     

体重和温度对马氏珠母贝耗氧率和排氨率的影响

采用室内实验生态学方法对马氏珠母贝的耗氧率和排氨率进行了研究。结果表明:在温度13～33℃范围内,马氏珠母贝的耗氧率和排氨率均与体重呈负相关,可用Y=aW表示;在13～28℃温度范围内,马氏珠母贝-b的耗氧率随温度的升高而增加,28℃时,耗氧率达最大值,温度升高至33℃时,耗氧率反而下降,而排氨率在此温度范围内则呈持续升高趋势;在13～28℃温度范围内,马氏珠母贝呼吸和排泄Q10值分别为1.51～2.71和1.03～2.73,且在该温度范围内,马氏珠母贝的耗氧率和排氨率的比值范围为7.29～13.14。方差分析表明,体重、温度及二者的交互作用对马氏珠母贝的耗氧率和排氨率均有极显著影响(P<0.01)。马氏珠母贝的日常代谢高于标准代谢,耗氧率和排氨率平均值分别提高40.8%和59.1%。     

盐度对不同规格九孔鲍耗氧量和排氨率的影响

【目的】探讨盐度对不同规格九孔鲍(Haliotis diversicolor supertexta)耗氧量和排氨率的影响。【方法】采用实验室生态学方法,测定7种盐度下(21、24、27、30、33、36和40)3种规格[干质量(1.53±0.14)、(1.11±0.23)和(0.68±0.20)g]九孔鲍的耗氧率和排氨率。【结果】(1)盐度在21～36时,耗氧率随着盐度的上升而增大;盐度为36时,3种规格九孔鲍的耗氧率均达到最大值;当盐度大于36时,耗氧率随盐度上升而下降,九孔鲍的耗氧率(R_O)与软体部干质量(m)的回归关系符合幂函数:R_O=a m~(-b),其中a的波动范围在0.412～1.216之间,平均值为0.818±0.286;b的波动范围在0.311～0.546之间,平均值为0.446±0.074;(2)排氨率在实验盐度范围内呈持续升高趋势,排氨率(R_N)与软体部干质量(m)的回归关系符合幂函数:R_N=c m~(-d),其中c的波动范围在0.174～0.621之间,平均值为0.330±0.154;d的波动范围在0.439～0.668之间,平均值为0.521±0.084;(3)相同盐度下,九孔鲍的耗氧率和排氨率随干质量的增大而显著减小(P <0.05),且耗氧率和排氨率与干质量均符合R=a m~(-b)模型;(4)九孔鲍的规格对O/N比值影响不显著(P> 0.05),当盐度为40时,O/N值显著降低。【结论】盐度、规格及两者间的交互作用均对九孔鲍的耗氧率和排氨率有显著影响。     

温度对橄榄蛏蚌耗氧率和排氨率的影响

在室内实验条件下研究了温度对不同规格橄榄蛏蚌耗氧率和排氨率的影响。实验结果表明, 15~30℃下,橄榄蛏蚌耗氧率和排氨率为大规格组均小于小规格组。耗氧率和排氨率与橄榄蛏蚌软体部干重(W)呈现明显的幂函数关系。在实验温度(15~30℃)范围内,随温度的上升,橄榄蛏蚌的耗氧率和排氨率均先逐渐增加,后随之下降,两者的高峰值分别出现在25℃和20℃。耗氧率(O)、排氨率(N)与温度(T)和橄榄蛏蚌软体部干重(W)的二元线性回归方程分别为:O=-0 .651 3+0. 053 2T+0. 107 3W,N=32. 162 6-1. 056 6T+1 .322 2W。二方程复相关系数r分别为0 .964 2和0 .892 1;F检验分别为极显著和显著。     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Foreword

正Rapid changes of Arctic sea ice cover have been in the focus of the international climate research community in recent years.Quite a few of nations have completed a large number of related surveys and research projects in the Arctic Ocean.Up to now,China has performed six research cruises to the Arctic Ocean resulting in a significant volume of research output.Improved knowledge on the atmospheree-sea ice-ocean interactions in the Arctic is a     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied     

Advances in Polar Science CONTENTS(Volume 25,2014)

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Guide to Authors： Journal of Mountain Science

<正>AIMS AND SCOPE(Editorial Policy)The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is devoted to mountains and their surrounding lowlands-ecoregions of particular global importance,with a particular emphasis on the important highlands/mountains in the world,such as the Tibetan Plateau,the Himalayas,the Alps,the Andes,the Rockies and many other mountain ranges of our planet.     

Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)

<正>The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS),founded in2004,is an international English-language journal on mountain sciences.JMS is supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),sponsored by the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,published by Science Press China,and distributed by Springer exclusively throughout the world(excluding Mainland China).The JMS is published bimonthly,fulltexted in SpringerLink and CNKI,indexed/abstracted by     

Exposure ages and radiogenic ages of ureilite(GRV 024516) and ordinary chondrite(GRV 024517) from Antarctica

The GRV 024516 and GRV 024517 meteorite samples collected from Grove Montains,Antactica are ureilite and H5 ordinary chondrite,respectively.Based on the study of mineralogy-petrology,the cosmic-ray exposure ages and gas retention ages of these two meteorites were determinated and calculated.Their cosmic-ray exposure ages are 33.3 Ma,51.7 Ma,and gas retention ages are 1936.8 Ma and 3720 Ma,respectively.The ureilite contains diamond,graphite and amorphous C,which are mainly carrier of noble gases indicating obviously shock metamorphism effects,which induced 40Ar partial loss.The H5 chondrite indicates thermal metamorphism of parent body,its gas retention age fall the range between 3220 Ma and 4510 Ma of the least shocked H5 chondrites