水力旋转填料生物接触氧化处理城市污水的研究

通过对中试规模的新型水力旋转填料生物接触氧化法处理城市污水的试验研究,利用新型填料的独特构型,增强反应器的传质性能,探讨了接触氧化池对COD、NH+4-N的去除,及水力停留时间、气水比、温度对处理效果的影响。试验结果表明在水力停留时间为2~2.5h,气水比为(7~8)∶1,进水COD、NH4+-N浓度分别为130.1~366.5mg/L、11.3~19.2mg/L的条件下,两者的平均去除率为75.9%、65.4%,出水COD、NH4+-N浓度均已达到国家二级排放标准;气水比和水力停留时间对接触氧化池处理效果的影响较为明显;低温下接触氧化池对有机物、氨氮的去除仍具有较好的效果。     

弹性填料处理河道污水实验研究

采用弹性填料曝气生物膜法对污染的河道水体进行处理的实验研究,结果表明,在2m/h的流速、水温为16℃~18℃、气水比为1∶1的条件下,采用弹性填料的生物膜处理系统运转正常,不易发生堵塞或系统短流,系统此时的水力停留时间为3.5h左右,污水中的COD和NH3-N去除率稳定,其均值分别为49.4%和19.1%。     

污水人工快速渗滤系统中氨氧化菌16S rDNA的DGGE分析

为了研究污水人工快速渗滤系统(CRI)中氨氧化菌的空间分布规律以及NH4-N在CRI中的迁移转化机理,从深圳运行中的CRI系统砂层填料中以5~10cm间隔垂直取12个样品,对其氨氧化菌的16SrDNA进行DGGE分析。结果表明,CRI系统中氨氧化菌菌群随着深度的增加先增多后减少,在表层至10cm处氨氧化菌约有4~5种组成,主要由某些以有机氮为降解底物的微生物和进水中被砂粒介质截流吸附的微生物组成;在20~90cm范围内氨氧化菌增加至9种左右,多样性最为丰富,是亚硝化作用发生的主要区域;而在100cm以下的范围,由于NH4-N浓度的降低或系统复氧不足,氨氧化菌迅速减少至5~6种。该研究结果证明了氨氧化菌在快渗池内分布范围的变化对NH4-N去除率的影响,即氨氧化菌在快渗池内分布的越接近中上层,对NH4-N的去除效果越好。关于CRI系统中氨氧化菌的空间分布规律及其与NH4-N去除率关系的认识,为工艺改进和效果提高提供了理论基础。     

EPP填料曝气生物滤池处理城市污水厂二级出水的中试研究

对韩国产EPP填料应用于曝气生物滤池（BAF）处理二级出水的效果及影响因素进行了研究,结果表明：利用该填料的BAF系统处理二级出水,CODCr,平均去除率为49．1％,BOD5平均去除率为51．4％,NH4^＋-N平均去除率为76％,SS平均去除率为52．6％。系统稳定运行后,出水水质达到了城市杂用水水质控制指标。改变水力负荷和气水比对CODCr、BOD5、NH3^-N的去除效率都有影响,但对SS去除率影响不大。     

上流式曝气生物滤池深度处理炼油厂外排污水

炼油厂外排污水水质复杂,可生化性已较差,但上流式曝气生物滤池对其有较好的处理效果.研究结果表明曝气生物滤池处理炼油厂外排污水在有机负荷(COD)为 4.39 kg·m-3·d-1、水力负荷为3 m3· m-2·h-1、气水比为31下,COD、NH3-N的去除率达到81.9%、73.2%;曝气生物滤池的主要影响因素依次是水力负荷、气水比、有机负荷;得到的经验速度方程与Monod方程基本吻合.该实验为炼油厂外排污水再生回用提供了一种工艺方法.     

中空纤维膜作生物膜载体无泡供氧处理污水研究

采用中空纤维膜作生物膜载体及无泡供氧装置,利用具有死端式和漂浮式特点的浸没式接触氧化工艺进行污水处理试验研究.结果表明:在控制系统工作压力0.03 MPa、污水中ρ(DO)为5～8 mg/L及HRT＝8h的条件下,污水中COD、BOD、SS的去除率分别达70%、90%和75%以上,NH3 -N、P的去除率也在70%以上.系统连续运行3个月,表现了较好的稳定性和抗有机负荷冲击能力.     

陕北地区水污染物排放量预测研究

水是陕北能源化工基地建设的关键性资源,防治水环境污染是确保能源基地可持续发展重要保障。本文依据陕北能源化工基地建设相关规划,分污染物达标排放、推行清洁生产、部分行业生产污水零排放＋清洁生产等三种情景,对未来陕北地区工业废水和生活污水排放量做了预测。分析结果表明：2020年,陕北地区在污染物达标排放的情景下,COD、NH3-N排放总量分别为53 417 t和9 111 t;在推行清洁生产情景下,COD、NH3-N排放总量分别为35 237 t和5 583 t;在部分行业生产污水零排放＋清洁生产的情景下,COD、NH3-N排放总量分别为25407 t和4 377 t。与2007年水污染物排放量相比,在三种设计情景下,延安COD与NH3-N基本实现减排,而榆林地区COD与NH3-N排放量均超过现状排放量。比较来看,陕北地区在部分行业生产污水零排放＋清洁生产的情景下污染物排放量最小,但COD、NH3-N仍较2007年现状排放量增加12%和56%,即陕北地区未来发展中水环境压力很大,应该采取切实可行的措施大幅度降低污染物排放量。     

人工快速渗滤系统处理农村生活污水实验研究

文章研究了不同渗滤介质组成的人工土柱对生活污水的处理能力,结果表明河砂＋斜发沸石＋方解石滤料对COD、NH3-N都有较高去除率,水力负荷也较高。将该组合用于农村生活污水处理工程,出水水质可以达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918-2002）一级A标准。     

膜生物反应器处理难降解废水的特性研究

膜生物反应器与生物接触氧化法处理难降解废水的对比研究表明,在相同的运行条件下,膜生物反应器比生物接触氧化法具有更稳定的出水水质,其平均出水COD_cr去除率达到88.41%,比接触氧化法提高了近30%;其平均色度去除率达到85.27%,相比接触氧化法,提高了近30%。通过出水分子量组成分析发现,膜出水以分子量介于3 000和10 000之间的物质为主,占总数的88.36%,接触氧化以分子量大于10 000的物质为主,占总物质的72.04%,介于3 000和10 000之间的仅占9.76%。     

以改性蛭石为填料的生物流化床法处理低C /N污水的应用

以热改性蛭石为填料,提高生物流化床系统处理低C/N污水的能力。实验结果表明,经过改性的蛭石对氨氮和COD的去除效率有明显的提高,分别是天然蛭石的2.1倍和2.7倍。在热改性蛭石为填料的生物流化床系统处理低C/N污水的实验过程中,主要分析了温度、pH和DO对反应系统处理效果的影响,确定了反应器的最佳处理条件。对于氨氮质量浓度为50 mg/L、ρ(COD)为200 mg/L的原水,在温度为30℃、pH=8.0、ρ(DO)=2.0 mg/L的处理条件下,反应系统对氨氮和COD的处理效果最佳,去除率分别可达94.9%和85.7%。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of