南秦岭地体东江口花岗岩及其基性包体的锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成

东江口花岗岩体位于商丹与勉略缝合带之间的南秦岭中部,其中存在大量基性暗色微粒包体.锆石的LA-MCICPMS联机U-Pb年代学分析表明,东江口岩体的形成年龄为223Ma,其包体锆石的结晶年龄为222Ma,与寄主岩体大致同时形成,指示秦岭造山带印支晚期岩石圈构造体制属性从挤压.伸展转变发生在220Ma左右.锆石的Lu-Hf同位素原位分析结果表明,南秦岭晚三叠纪花岗岩是壳幔混合作用的产物,亏损的幔源岩浆与南秦岭(或扬子)的基底地壳物质可能为南秦岭地区晚三叠纪花岗岩的源区物质,它们的形成起因于秦岭造山带在主造山期后发生的岩石圈拆沉作用.大约220Ma开始,南秦岭岩石圈构造应力性质从挤压向伸展构造体制转变,岩石圈发生拆沉作用,地幔软流圈物质上涌并底侵于下地壳,诱发下地壳物质的部分熔融,当岩浆沿构造薄弱带上升过程中,幔源岩浆与寄主岩浆发生成份的交换,两种岩浆混合过程中不完全混溶,最终形成寄主岩体和暗色基性微粒包体.     

北秦岭西段唐藏石英闪长岩岩体的形成时代及其地质意义

在对陕西宝鸡一带进行地质大调查时,发现北秦岭造山带西段的唐藏石英闪长岩体具有埃达克岩的特征。利用阴极发光、LA-ICPMS方法对唐藏石英闪长岩的单颗粒锆石进行了U-Pb测年,所选锆石晶体均呈长柱状,振荡环带发育,Th/U=0.33～1.10,为典型的岩浆成因锆石。测试的29个样品的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(454.0±1.7)Ma,各测点206Pb/238U表面年龄与加权平均年龄在误差范围内近于一致,因此,这一数值代表岩浆生成年龄。结合北秦岭造山带西段代表洋壳残片的关子镇、岩湾蛇绿(混杂)岩形成时代,说明早古生代古秦岭丹凤洋沿商丹带一线向北发生俯冲消减作用,(454.0±1.7)Ma可能代表俯冲消减的初始时期。研究结果为北秦岭早古生代造山作用过程、壳幔相互作用及大陆动力学的研究提供了重要的依据。     

秦岭中段印支期花岗质岩浆作用与造山过程

据新测得的41个样品的秦岭中段花岗质岩石锆石U-Pb同位素年龄数据,结合近期发表的秦岭花岗岩年代学和岩石成因的研究资料,将秦岭中段印支期花岗质岩浆作用分为早期(248～216Ma)、中期(215～201Ma)和晚期(200～195Ma)3个阶段。早期阶段形成于勉略洋闭合过程,发育于洋壳向北俯冲到浅表地壳碰撞过程;中期阶段形成于扬子克拉通北缘与华北克拉通南缘北秦岭岛弧杂岩的同碰撞到造山带垮塌过程;晚期阶段形成于碰撞后造山带拆沉作用。因此,秦岭中段印支期花岗质岩浆作用较为完整地记录了造山带的演化过程。     

陕西勉县地区关帝坪闪长岩体的LA—ICP—MS锆石U—Pb年龄及其地质意义

秦岭造山带印支期花岗岩的成因研究是当前秦岭造山带研究的热点问题。通过对出露于陕西勉县地区勉略缝合带中光头山岩体西端的关帝坪黑云母闪长岩锆石LA—ICPMSU-Pb年代学研究,探讨其地质意义。岩石主要由斜长石、角闪石和黑云母组成,蚀变较轻。LA—ICP—MS锆石U—Pb测年得到的加权平均年龄为220．5士3．1Ma（MSWD=0．66,2σ）,代表该闪长岩体的结晶年龄。该年龄与附近的光头山黑云母斜长花岗岩的年龄216±2Ma很接近,由此推断两者应产出于相同的构造背景。结合前人研究结果,推断该黑云母闪长岩体可能为勉略洋闭合后的碰撞后期产物。     

南秦岭东河群碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄及其板块构造意义

南秦岭微陆块是秦岭造山带的重要构造单元,其早白垩世沉积物是研究物源区及南秦岭微陆块构造演化的理想对象.南秦岭微陆块南缘观音坝盆地早白垩世砂砾岩中的碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄给出了5个年龄峰,范围分别是2600～2300Ma、2050～1800Ma、1200～750Ma、650～400Ma和350～200Ma,对应于Kenor、Columbia、Rodinia、Gondwana和Pangaea等5次超大陆事件.碎屑锆石源区复杂,但主要源自华北克拉通和北秦岭增生带,表明晚古生代南秦岭微陆块是秦岭-华北联合大陆板块的一部分,而非独立的微陆块.最年轻的锆石年龄峰给出了勉略洋向秦岭-华北大陆俯冲的时限,即350～ 200Ma;扬子与秦岭-华北联合大陆板块的碰撞造山作用始于三叠纪-侏罗纪之交,强烈的挤压造山作用发生在侏罗纪,而非三叠纪或更早.     

西秦岭温泉钼矿床成矿作用时限及其对斑岩型钼矿床系统分类制约

斑岩系统是一个涉及岩浆和热液作用的复杂系统,建立精细的斑岩系统成因模型对于寻找更为丰富的金属矿产尤为重要,成矿作用时限是建立成因模型和指导矿产勘查的关键。温泉钼矿床是西秦岭造山带内与晚三叠世花岗岩有关的斑岩型钼矿床,其在西秦岭造山带的独特发育蕴含印支期斑岩成矿作用、大陆地壳演化及矿产勘查关键科学问题。钼矿体主要赋存于温泉复式岩体Ⅱ单元和Ⅲ单元的黑云母二长花岗斑岩和似斑状二长花岗岩中,钼以细脉和浸染状矿化形式产出。赋矿岩石单元锆石U-Pb年龄为224.6±2.5Ma到216.2±1.7Ma,Ⅱ和Ⅲ单元分别侵位于~223Ma和~217Ma,持续约8Myr。辉钼矿Re-Os年龄为212.7±2.6Ma到215.1±2.6Ma,暗示晚三叠世钼成矿作用与花岗质岩浆作用密切时空关系,且成矿年龄稍晚,反映钼矿化主要发生在岩浆作用晚期阶段。成岩、成矿作用发生于华北板块与华南板块全面对接后秦岭造山带构造体制由碰撞到后碰撞的转折阶段,响应南秦岭变质变形、勉-略洋盆闭合及大别-苏鲁超高压岩石板片折返统一地质事件。黑云母K-Ar年龄为207~226Ma,可能反映~223Ma和~208Ma的岩体冷却事件和~216Ma的岩浆-热液成矿作用。锆石U-Pb、辉钼矿Re-Os和黑云母K-Ar多元同位素定年系统准确刻画岩体侵位、热液成矿与冷却事件上有所重叠,岩浆-热液分异演化充分,且具有较高的冷却速率,精确厘定温泉斑岩系统岩浆活动的"多期性"(复式岩体)、成矿事件的"瞬时性"(~214Ma)和成矿作用的"持续性"(~8Myr)。同时,系统对比全球典型斑岩钼(铜)矿床成矿动力学背景,细化分类方案,即产于挤压背景的大洋俯冲和大陆碰撞环境矿床及产于伸展背景的后碰撞、陆缘弧后和板内裂谷环境矿床。明确在大洋俯冲→大陆碰撞→后碰撞→板内裂谷旋回的四个阶段均可以产生规模的斑岩型钼(铜)矿床,且挤压向伸展过渡的构造体制转换尤其是大型矿床形成的有利环境。     

东秦岭-大别山及邻区挠曲类盆地演化与碰撞造山过程

东秦岭-大别造山带是3 个板块沿两条缝合带俯冲碰撞而形成的近东西向不对称的反向多层次构造叠置的复合型造山带。在泥盆纪至三叠纪板块构造阶段中不同陆块间由于俯冲碰撞作用形成了多种挠曲类盆地。盆地时空演化充分体现了商丹古洋盆俯冲消减过程、北秦岭弧后区弧陆碰撞过程以及勉略古洋(海)盆斜向的、由东向西的碰撞造山过程。     

西秦岭甘南早子沟石英闪长玢岩岩石成因及其地质意义

西秦岭造山带位于华北板块和华南板块之间,是我国中央造山带的重要组成部分,记录了东亚古特提斯洋东北支的演化历史,对于探讨华北板块和华南板块的碰撞过程具有重要意义。西秦岭广泛发育的早-中三叠世火成岩与勉略洋壳向北俯冲有关,但勉略洋壳的闭合时限仍有争议。因此本文对采自早子沟地区的石英闪长玢岩进行锆石U-Pb年代学、Lu-Hf同位素和全岩主微量地球化学分析,查明早子沟石英闪长玢岩成因及其构造演化背景,并进一步约束勉略洋壳闭合时间。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明,石英闪长玢岩侵位年龄为～232Ma,为中三叠世岩浆活动的产物。石英闪长玢岩含有较高的Si O₂(56.18%～68.26%),K₂O为1.82%～3.70%,A/CNK值为0.73～1.07,是准铝质-弱过铝质的钙碱性-高钾钙碱性岩石。其富钾的特征,与中高钾基性下地壳部分熔融产生的熔体成分一致。轻重稀土分异明显,(La/Yb)_N比值为8.10～61.2,富集大离子亲石元素(K、Sr、Ba、Cs),亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta,具有弱负铕异常(δEu=0.65～0...     

秦岭印支期构造背景、岩浆活动及成矿作用

秦岭造山带以其独特的大地构造位置、复杂的地质演化和丰富的矿产资源而成为地质科学研究的焦点,科学家已经基本清楚了其大地构造格局和地质演化轮廓,共识其在印支期(三叠纪:251～199.6Ma)彻底实现了由海盆向大陆造山带的转变。但是,盆山转变的过程细节、洋盆闭合的时间、三叠纪大地构造属性以及相关的岩浆作用和成矿作用研究薄弱,认识分歧较多。笔者通过综合分析地质、地球物理、地球化学、矿产资源等方面的研究成果,认为三叠纪的秦岭恰似现今地中海,并存着洋陆俯冲和陆陆碰撞,并逐渐由洋陆俯冲转变为陆陆碰撞体制;秦岭古特提斯洋于230～200Ma期间自东向西拉链式缝合,扬子陆块与华北-秦岭联合大陆之间的碰撞造山作用接踵而至;三叠纪的秦岭构造背景并非单一的陆陆碰撞,更非过去认为的造山后或碰撞后。秦岭印支期岩浆作用强烈,形成了埃达克岩、钙碱性花岗岩、高钾钙碱性花岗岩、碱性岩、疑似奥长环斑花岗岩、碳酸岩等多种岩浆岩;它们自勉略缝合带向北显示分带性,依次是:阳山—胭脂坝过铝质S型或改造型花岗岩带、南秦岭高镁埃达克质的钙碱性花岗岩带、北秦岭高钾钙碱性花岗岩带、华北克拉通南缘碱性岩-碳酸岩带;印支期岩浆作用的复杂性、多样性、空间分带性和成分极性等特点无法用陆陆碰撞或碰撞后构造体制来解释,而应是勉略洋板块向北俯冲的结果。秦岭印支期成矿作用长期被忽视,但最近已发现有重要经济价值的印支期矿床类型有碳酸岩脉型、造山型和斑岩型钼矿床,卡林型-类卡林型、造山型和斑岩-爆破角砾岩型金矿床,造山型银多金属矿床,表明在洋陆俯冲向陆陆碰撞转变体制的成矿作用强烈、成矿类型多样,印支期矿床的找矿潜力较大。     

南秦岭麻池河乡和沙河湾花岗岩体锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学及Lu-Hf同位素组成

麻池河乡和沙河湾花岗岩体位于商丹断裂南侧。锆石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学分析表明,麻池河乡花岗岩岩浆结晶年龄为(490.8±2.9) Ma(加里东期早奥陶世);沙河湾石英二长岩岩浆结晶年龄分别为(240.6±1.5)~(228.2±1.5) Ma(印支期中三叠世)。麻池河乡花岗岩锆石两阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM2)为759~1 096 Ma。沙河湾石英二长岩tDM2为891~1 516 Ma。麻池河乡花岗岩源岩为新元古代和中元古代亏损地幔物质。沙河湾石英二长岩的源岩主要为中元古代壳幔混合物质,还含有少量新元古代壳幔物质。晚寒武世-早奥陶世秦岭洋壳向北俯冲于北秦岭地块之下,俯冲的洋壳和上覆地幔相互作用产生的杂化熔液通过结晶分异形成麻池河乡花岗岩。沙河湾岩体经历了至少两期地质事件,时间跨度为(240.6±1.5)~(228.2±1.5) Ma和214~197 Ma。约250 Ma勉略洋闭合之后,扬子板块和华北板块在秦岭地区发生碰撞,导致扬子陆块俯冲至南秦岭地块之下并发生小规模的部分熔融形成早-中三叠世((240.6±1.5)~(228.2±1.5) Ma)花岗岩类。约220 Ma碰撞结束后,板片断离诱发软流圈物质上涌,同时俯冲陆壳开始折返,在地幔热和构造减压的条件下,俯冲陆壳及上覆岩石圈地幔发生广泛的部分熔融,形成不同程度具埃达克岩质地球化学特征的晚三叠世(214~197 Ma)花岗岩类及伴生的镁铁质暗色包体。     

滇西北中甸松诺含矿斑岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及地质意义

位于义敦岛弧南端的中甸岛弧中广泛发育印支期斑岩及斑岩型和矽卡岩型铜矿床。松诺(或称松诺力赞)复式岩体位于东斑岩带中部,由石英闪长玢岩、黑云石英二长斑岩、闪长玢岩和含矿石英二长斑岩组成,其南部为普朗超大型斑岩铜矿床,北部为地苏嘎铜矿点。本文对含矿石英二长斑岩进行了岩相学和锆石SHRIMPU-Pb定年研究,结果表明所有锆石颗粒自形较好且均发育规则的韵律环带,Th含量为180~854μg/g,U含量为270~709μg/g,Th/U比值为0.77~1.24,为典型岩浆成因锆石。获得了含矿石英二长斑岩的侵位年龄为220.9±3.5Ma(n=9,MSWD=1.6),这与中甸岛弧洋壳俯冲造山作用的时限(210~235Ma)相吻合。     

东昆仑东段益克郭勒侵入岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

东昆仑东段益克郭勒侵入体主要由闪长岩、石英碱长正长岩、英云闪长斑岩及花岗闪长岩组成.锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果显示,闪长岩、石英碱长正长岩和英云闪长斑岩的年龄分别为(223.4±1.1)Ma、(222.9±1.3)Ma和(230.9±1.1)Ma,表明益克郭勒侵入体形成于中三叠世.益克郭勒中三叠世侵入岩属...     

滇西莲花山富碱斑岩体LA ICP MS锆石U Pb年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义

莲花山富碱斑岩体位于兰坪盆地东缘,是滇西富碱斑岩带的重要组成部分。该岩体主要由石英二长斑岩和角闪石英二长斑岩组成,对不同岩性中的锆石进行了LA ICP MS U Pb同位素测年,获得其形成年龄为(356±05)~(357±05) Ma,表明该岩体的形成时代为始新世。其K2O/Na2O比值为097~142、K2O+Na2O含量为886%~959%,显示高钾富碱的特征,属于钾玄岩系列岩石;岩体具有轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损的特征,显示弱的Eu负异常。利用锆石Ti温度计,获得岩体中岩浆锆石样品的结晶温度较低,介于594~788 ℃,说明该岩体岩浆源区的形成与俯冲－碰撞作用有关。样品中存在有少量年龄为1 177~68 Ma的继承锆石,Nb/U比值为131~473,表明莲花山岩体的源区是由洋壳俯冲作用形成的交代富集地幔,在其上侵过程中受到壳源物质不同程度的混染;岩体侵位于印度板块—欧亚板块陆－陆碰撞的挤压环境向后碰撞伸展环境转换的构造背景下。     

Metamorphic Evolution of High‐pressure Politic Granulite from the Ailaoshan Orogenic Belt,Northeastern Margin of Indochina Block,West Yunnan,China

Ailaoshan orogenic belt located at the northeastern margin of the Indochina block, southeastern Tibet, was formed by subduction and collision between the Indochina and South China blocks in Triassic and slip shearing resulted from the extrusion of the Indochina block in Cenozoic. The high‐pressure pelitic granulite is located at the southeastern margin of the Ailaoshan metamorphic belt, occurs as a slice of about 500～700m in thickness, consists of garnet, sillimanite, feldspar, biotite and quartz with accessory of kyanite, sapphirine, spinel, rutile, ilmenite, zircon and apatite. The petrography and mineral chemistry show that the high‐pressure pelitic granulite had suffered three stages of metamorphism: 1) the prograde metamorphism recorded by the mineral assemblage of garnet, kyanite, feldspar, biotite and rutile; 2) the peak metamorphism shown by the mineral assemblage of garnet, sillimanite, sapphirine, ternary feldspar, K‐feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, spinel, quartz, rutile and zircon mantle; 3) the retrograde metamorphism recorded by the mineral assemblage of biotite, muscovite, plagioclase, quartz and zircon rim. Zircon SHRIMP U‐Pb dating indicates that the protolith of the pelite granulite was deposited before 336 Ma, the prograde to peak metamorphism occurred at P‐T conditions of ≥10.4 kbar at 850～919 °C in 235 Ma, and the retrograde metamorphism occurred at the P‐T condition of 3.5～3.9 kbar at 572～576 °C until to 33 Ma. They are consistent with the times of Indochina separated from Gondwanaland during late Paleozoic, the amalgamation of the south China and Indochina blocks during the Triassic, and the sinistral slip‐shearing since the Early Cenozoic respectively. It is inferred that that the sedimentary rock was subducted to the lower continental crust (30 km) and suffered granulite‐facies metamorphism due to the collision during Indosinian, then exhumed quickly to middle‐upper crust (10–12km) and superimposed retrograde metamorphism since the Cenozoic.     

大别造山带岳西地区中生代岩浆岩年代学研究

北大别岳西地区广泛分布燕山期侵入岩和火山岩。14个岩浆岩样品中锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果显示,这些岩浆岩形成于134~125 Ma之间。以130 Ma为界,岩浆岩可以分为两个期次:早期以石英闪长岩—石英二长闪长岩—似斑状二长花岗岩组合为主;晚期以二长花岗岩—钾长花岗岩组合及脉岩为主。早期岩浆岩含有古元古代(1900~2120 Ma)、新元古代(670~800 Ma)和三叠纪继承锆石;晚期岩浆岩中缺少古元古代继承锆石,以新元古代、三叠纪及140~160 Ma时期的继承锆石为主。高Sr低Y地球化学特征仅出现在早期岩浆岩中,结合继承锆石的年龄特征,表明早期岩浆岩物质来源于加厚的基性下地壳,下地壳的拆沉和岩石圈的减薄发生在约130 Ma;而晚期岩浆岩为以新元古代年龄的中—下地壳在减薄后的环境下发生深熔作用形成。     

南秦岭东江口、柞水和梨园堂花岗岩类锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年代学与锆石Lu-Hf同位素组成

东江口、柞水和梨园堂岩体位于商丹断裂南侧。锆石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学分析表明,东江口花岗闪长岩、柞水花岗岩、梨园堂石英二长岩和梨园堂花岗岩等4个样品的岩浆结晶年龄分别为246.8±2.5Ma(早三叠纪),233.6±1.3Ma(中三叠纪),956.1±4.5Ma(新元古代),203.6±2.2Ma(晚三叠纪)。锆石的Lu-Hf同位素原位分析结果表明,锆石的两阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM2)分别为1.4~1.6Ga、1.0~1.3Ga、1.0~1.3Ga和1.0~1.3Ga。勉略洋闭合(约250Ma)之后,扬子板块和华北板块发生碰撞,导致扬子陆块俯冲至南秦岭地块之下并发生小规模的部分熔融形成早-中三叠纪(246.8~233.6Ma)花岗岩类。碰撞结束(约220Ma)后,扬子陆块板片断离诱发软流圈物质上涌,同时俯冲的扬子陆壳开始折返,在地幔热和构造减压的条件下,俯冲陆壳及上覆岩石圈地幔发生广泛的部分熔融,形成不同程度具埃达克质地球化学特征的晚三叠纪(199.0~224.8Ma)花岗岩类及伴生的镁铁质包体。     

Tectonic evolution of a composite collision orogen: An overview on the Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an–Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt in central China

The formation of collisional orogens is a prominent feature in convergent plate margins. It is generally a complex process involving multistage tectonism of compression and extension due to continental subduction and collision. The Paleozoic convergence between the South China Block (SCB) and the North China Block (NCB) is associated with a series of tectonic processes such as oceanic subduction, terrane accretion and continental collision, resulting in the Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an–Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt. While the arc–continent collision orogeny is significant during the Paleozoic in the Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an orogens of central China, the continent–continent collision orogeny is prominent during the early Mesozoic in the Dabie–Sulu orogens of east-central China. This article presents an overview of regional geology, geochronology and geochemistry for the composite orogenic belt. The Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an orogens exhibit the early Paleozoic HP–UHP metamorphism, the Carboniferous HP metamorphism and the Paleozoic arc-type magmatism, but the three tectonothermal events are absent in the Dabie–Sulu orogens. The Triassic UHP metamorphism is prominent in the Dabie–Sulu orogens, but it is absent in the Qinling–Tongbai orogens. The Hong'an orogen records both the HP and UHP metamorphism of Triassic age, and collided continental margins contain both the juvenile and ancient crustal rocks. So do in the Qinling and Tongbai orogens. In contrast, only ancient crustal rocks were involved in the UHP metamorphism in the Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt, without involvement of the juvenile arc crust. On the other hand, the deformed and low-grade metamorphosed accretionary wedge was developed on the passive continental margin during subduction in the late Permian to early Triassic along the northern margin of the Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt, and it was developed on the passive oceanic margin during subduction in the early Paleozoic along the northern margin of the Qinling orogen.Three episodes of arc–continent collision are suggested to occur during the Paleozoic continental convergence between the SCB and NCB. The first episode of arc–continent collision is caused by northward subduction of the North Qinling unit beneath the Erlangping unit, resulting in UHP metamorphism at ca. 480–490 Ma and the accretion of the North Qinling unit to the NCB. The second episode of arc–continent collision is caused by northward subduction of the Prototethyan oceanic crust beneath an Andes-type continental arc, leading to granulite-facies metamorphism at ca. 420–430 Ma and the accretion of the Shangdan arc terrane to the NCB and reworking of the North Qinling, Erlangping and Kuanping units. The third episode of arc–continent collision is caused by northward subduction of the Paleotethyan oceanic crust, resulting in the HP eclogite-facies metamorphism at ca. 310 Ma in the Hong'an orogen and low-P metamorphism in the Qinling–Tongbai orogens as well as crustal accretion to the NCB. The closure of backarc basins is also associated with the arc–continent collision processes, with the possible cause for granulite-facies metamorphism. The massive continental subduction of the SCB beneath the NCB took place in the Triassic with the final continent–continent collision and UHP metamorphism at ca. 225–240 Ma. Therefore, the Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an–Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt records the development of plate tectonics from oceanic subduction and arc-type magmatism to arc–continent and continent–continent collision.     

山西青尖坡石英二长岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

通过对华北克拉通北缘青尖坡石英二长岩锆石U-Pb同位素年龄分析,并结合相关主量和稀土元素数据探讨其地质意义。研究表明,石英二长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为241.1±1.7Ma,为早中三叠世岩浆活动的产物。岩石具有富K、Na、Si、Al,贫Mg、Ca、Ti等特征,为高钾碱性钾玄岩系列,属于过铝质花岗岩类;轻稀土元素相对富集,重稀土元素相对亏损,具有稳定的弱负Eu异常。总体为I型花岗岩成因,但兼具S型花岗岩的特征。青尖坡石英二长岩为中下地壳部分熔融成因,有地幔物质参与,为华北克拉通北缘三叠纪碱性岩带的组成部分,形成于晚造山-造山后的伸展构造环境。     

Ultrahigh-pressure eclogite transformed from mafic granulite in the Dabie orogen, east-central China

Although ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks are present in many collisional orogenic belts, almost all exposed UHP metamorphic rocks are subducted upper or felsic lower continental crust with minor mafic boudins. Eclogites formed by subduction of mafic lower continental crust have not been identified yet. Here an eclogite occurrence that formed during subduction of the mafic lower continental crust in the Dabie orogen, east‐central China is reported. At least four generations of metamorphic mineral assemblages can be discerned: (i) hypersthene + plagioclase ± garnet; (ii) omphacite + garnet + rutile + quartz; (iii) symplectite stage of garnet + diopside + hypersthene + ilmenite + plagioclase; (iv) amphibole + plagioclase + magnetite, which correspond to four metamorphic stages: (a) an early granulite facies, (b) eclogite facies, (c) retrograde metamorphism of high‐pressure granulite facies and (d) retrograde metamorphism of amphibolite facies. Mineral inclusion assemblages and cathodoluminescence images show that zircon is characterized by distinctive domains of core and a thin overgrowth rim. The zircon core domains are classified into two types: the first is igneous with clear oscillatory zonation ± apatite and quartz inclusions; and the second is metamorphic containing a granulite facies mineral assemblage of garnet, hypersthene and plagioclase (andesine). The zircon rims contain garnet, omphacite and rutile inclusions, indicating a metamorphic overgrowth at eclogite facies. The almost identical ages of the two types of core domains (magmatic = 791 ± 9 Ma and granulite facies metamorphic zircon = 794 ± 10 Ma), and the Triassic age (212 ± 10 Ma) of eclogitic facies metamorphic overgrowth zircon rim are interpreted as indicating that the protolith of the eclogite is mafic granulite that originated from underplating of mantle‐derived magma onto the base of continental crust during the Neoproterozoic (c. 800 Ma) and then subducted during the Triassic, experiencing UHP eclogite facies metamorphism at mantle depths. The new finding has two‐fold significance: (i) voluminous mafic lower continental crust can increase the average density of subducted continental lithosphere, thus promoting its deep subduction; (ii) because of the current absence of mafic lower continental crust in the Dabie orogen, delamination or recycling of subducted mafic lower continental crust can be inferred as the geochemical cause for the mantle heterogeneity and the unusually evolved crustal composition.