基于Petri网的BPEL4WS模型的分析

描述了Web服务业务流程执行语言（BPEL4WS）的Petri网模型，并提出了模型的化简规则，用于验证模型中的死锁和乏同步两种结构冲突。最后结合一个业务过程实例，进行建模和化简。     

基于BPEL的空间信息服务设计与实现

在分析空间信息服务过程组成要素的基础上,提出以工作流的方式来进行服务过程的信息转换和传输,实现用户需求与空间信息之间的交互。并在标准WS-BPEL2.0的基础上,实现一种以过程为中心的SOA空间信息服务,同时详细介绍了在基于BPEL的服务实现中所涉及的各个过程和方法。     

航海英语语义探源

在世界航海过程中，人们创造了众多语言词汇，丰富了人类语言。英语中也有许多与航海有关的词语，它们语义的产生有其特定的背景，在使用过程中被赋予新的含义，至今广泛使用。     

外语学习中的行为动机

对大学英语本科专业生的学习动机进行了研究，并试图发现这些学生在进行外语学习过程的不同阶段中的行为动机是什么。运用试验方法，通过问卷调查和结果分析，对中国学生英语学习活动的主要动机进行了探讨，并就在外语学习过程中目标、考试、社会期待，以及对所学语言和文化的兴趣之间的关系进行了分析。     

高级语言中过程概念的区别

计算机高级语言很多 ,在我国不同时期语言的代表有BASIC语言、FORTRAN语言、C及C ++语言和数据库 ,而这些语言当然都有各自的特点和应用范围 ,但均有一个共同的部分 ,有些称它为子程序 ,有些称它为函数 ,有些称它为过程。因些根据多年教学经验及实践应用针对该问题在不同语言中的区别加以阐述。     

基于SOA的GIS应用设计与实现

随着网络技术的快速发展,SOA作为构建企业级分布式软件系统的思想和方法学,已经得到了越来越广泛的应用.本文主要探讨了如何基于SOA技术实现传统的GIS应用系统.首先,我们介绍了SOA解决的GIS系统中模块复用的两大问题:封装和组合,以及现阶段还存在的问题,如海量数据和QoS等,接着简单介绍了当前SOA在GIS中的应用情景.最后,我们通过一个小型校园GIS服务应用实例PKUMAP,详细阐述了如何利用SOA的核心技术,如SCA,BPEL来构建GIS应用系统.     

基于Web网页与PDF文档自动构建更新语言模型

提出了利用HTMLParser和PDFBox工具包来编程实现对Web网页文本内容自动提取和PDF文档格式的转换并这些数据进行处理来适合HTK语言建模工具的要求。最后通过实验证明了采用该方法可以较好地实现语言模型的自动更新从而适应识别对象不断变化,同时减少了识别过程中的集外词并提高了语言模型的性能。     

航海英语语义探源

在世界航海过程中 ,人们创造了众多语言词汇 ,丰富了人类语言。英语中也有许多与航海有关的词语 ,它们语义的产生有其特定的背景 ,在使用过程中被赋予新的含义 ,至今广泛使用。     

凿贝才女虫发育阶段的形态观察

对寄生在九孔鲍(Haliotis diversicolor aquatilis Reeve)贝壳上的凿贝才女虫(Polydora ciliata)进行了观察，将其发育过程分为卵、胚胎、幼虫和成虫4个阶段，并对这4个阶段的形态结构进行了描述和讨论。由于凿贝才女虫寄生，九孔鲍贝壳内侧形成弯曲的管道和隆起，其外套膜被破坏，严重影响了九孔鲍生长，甚至导致其死亡。     

M2T多源知识图谱融合的空间场景描述文本自动生成框架

面向自然语言的地理空间场景描述一直是地理信息科学的重要研究方向，传统方法更注重空间关系的遍历性描述，难以融合人类空间认知，与人类自然语言有较大的差距。地理空间场景自然语言描述的本质是地理空间二维向量转换词空间一维向量的过程。本文提出M2T空间场景自然语言表达框架，通过空间场景理解、语言合成和注意力感知3个知识图谱，在多源知识图谱的融合机制下，生成自然语言空间场景描述文本。其中空间场景描述知识图谱解决遍历空间关系剪枝难题，同时通过建立空间关系图谱建立空间场景之间关联，支持空间场景连续表达；自然语言风格知识图谱建立空间表达与语言风格的关联，实现了贴切于空间自然语言表达的多样化语言风格；空间关注度知识图谱根据空间场景主体和客体交互状态，建立注意力矩阵捕捉自然语言空间表达的细微之处。以北京故宫为例设计的原型系统，实验表明系统生成结果与人类游记接近，且内容覆盖更完整，风格更多样，验证了M2T框架的有效性，并展现了空间场景自然语言描述应用的潜在价值。     

Trends in significant wave height and surface wind speed in the China Seas between 1988 and 2011

Wind and waves are key components of the climate system as they drive air-sea interactions and influence weather systems and atmospheric circulation. In marine environments, understanding surface wind and wave fields and their evolution over time is important for conducting safe and efficient human activities, such as navigation and engineering. This study considers long-term trends in the sea surface wind speed(WS) and significant wave height(SWH) in the China Seas over the period 1988–2011 using the Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform(CCMP) ocean surface wind product and a 24-year hindcast wave dataset obtained from the WAVEWATCH-III(WW3) wave model forced with CCMP winds. The long-term trends in WS and SWH in the China Seas are analyzed over the past 24 years to provide a reference point from which to assess future climate change and offshore wind and wave energy resource development in the region. Results demonstrate that over the period 1988–2011 in the China Seas: 1) WS and SWH showed a significant increasing trend of 3.38 cm s~(-1)yr~(-1) and 1.52 cm yr~(-1), respectively; 2) there were notable regional differences in the long-term trends of WS and SWH; 3) areas with strong increasing trends were located mainly in the middle of the Tsushima Strait, the northern and southern areas of the Taiwan Strait, and in nearshore regions of the northern South China Sea; and 4) the long-term trend in WS was closely associated with El Ni?o and a significant increase in the occurrence of gale force winds in the region.     

NEW METHOD TO OBTAIN THE POWER SPECTRA OF HIDDEN VARIABLES AND ITS APPLICATION TO OCEAN DATA

A novel method is proposed to obtain the power spectra of hidden variables in a chaotic time series. By embedding the data in phase space , and recording the conditional probability densityof points that the trajectory encounters as it evolves in the reconstructed phase space, it is possible torecover the power spectra of hidden variables in chaotic time series through a spectral analysis over theconditional probability density time series. The method is robust in the application to Lorenz system, 4-di-mension Rossler system and rigid body motion by linear feedback system (LFRBM). Applying the method the time series of sea surface temperature (SST) of the South China Sea, we obtained the power spectraof the wind speed (WS) from SST data. Furthermore, the results showged that there exists an importantnonlinear interaction between the SST and the WS.     

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Quantification of the impact of environmental factors on chlorophyll in the open ocean

Many previous studies of the impact of oceanic environmental factors on chlorophyll(CHL)in a specific region focused on sea surface temperature(SST),mixed-layer depth(MLD),or wind stress(WS) alone.In this study,relationship between CHL and all those environmental factors(SST,MLD,and WS) in the open ocean was quantified for five regions within the subtropical gyres and the variation trend of 13-year(2003-2015) was analyzed using satellite observations and Argo measurements.The correlation analysis results show that MLD was correlated positively with CHL,SST was correlated negatively with CHL,and the correlation between CHL and WS was either positive or negative.Based on the significance of the correlations,models representing the relationships were established using the multiple linear regression and analyzed,showing that the environmental factors were the major determinants of CHL change.The regression coefficients show that both SST and MLD have remarkable effect on CHL.Our derived models could be used to diagnose the past changes,understand present variability,and predict the future state of CHL changes based on environmental factors,and help us understand the dynamics of CHL variation in the open ocean.     

复杂网络中多话题信息传播仿真研究

传统复杂网络话题传播研究,重点关注的是单个话题在网络中的传播,较少考虑多话题之间的相互影响因素。论文分析舆论传播过程中多个话题之间的竞争关系对话题传播的影响机制,建立基于复杂网络的多话题信息传播模型。通过对模型仿真实验及其结果分析表明,当引入个体信息环境影响因素后,一个话题的影响力大于舆论话题环境中其他话题的平均影响力,才会有较大概率影响到更多个体,否则只能在小范围内传播;个体对于话题记忆能力的变化在不同网络中会产生不同影响,在随机网络和BA网络中,人们对于话题的记忆越深,其传播的影响范围越大,而在规则网络和小世界网络中,较小的记忆长度能够让话题传播影响力更大;同时,在具有社群结构的网络中,度大的节点并非会一定会更多的参与某一话题的传播,因为度大的节点有更大概率获得更多的话题。     

Impact of redox-stratification on the diversity and distribution of bacterial communities in sandy reef sediments in a microcosm

Relationships between microbial communities and geochemical environments are important in marine microbial ecology and biogeochemistry. Although biogeochemical redox stratification has been well documented in marine sediments, its impact on microbial communities remains largely unknown. In this study, we applied denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and clone library construction to investigate the diversity and stratification of bacterial communities in redox-stratified sandy reef sediments in a microcosm. A total of 88 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU) were identified from 16S rRNA clone libraries constructed from sandy reef sediments in a laboratory microcosm. They were members of nine phyla and three candidate divisions, including Proteobacteria (Alpha-, Beta-, Gamma-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, Spirochaetes, and the candidate divisions WS3, SO31 and AO19. The vast majority of these phylotypes are related to clone sequences from other marine sediments, but OTUs of Epsilonproteobacteria and WS3 are reported for the first time from permeable marine sediments. Several other OTUs are potential new bacterial phylotypes because of their low similarity with reference sequences. Results from the 16S rRNA, gene clone sequence analyses suggested that bacterial communities exhibit clear stratification across large redox gradients in these sediments, with the highest diversity found in the anoxic layer (15–25 mm) and the least diversity in the suboxic layer (3–5 mm). Analysis of the nosZ, and amoA gene libraries also indicated the stratification of denitrifiers and nitrifiers, with their highest diversity being in the anoxic and oxic sediment layers, respectively. These results indicated that redox-stratification can affect the distribution of bacterial communities in sandy reef sediments.     

Decadal variability of chlorophyll a in the South China Sea: a possible mechanism

Four climatologies on a monthly scale (January, April, May and November) of chlorophyll a within the South China Sea (SCS) were calculated using a Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) (1979-1983) and the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) (1998-2002). We analyzed decadal variability of chlorophyll a by comparing the products of the two observation periods. The relationships of variability in chlorophyll a with sea surface wind speed (SSW), sea surface temperature (SST), wind stress (WS), and mixed layer depth (MLD) were determined. The results indicate that there is obvious chlorophyll a decadal variability in the SCS. The decadal chlorophyll a presents distinct seasonal variability in characteristics, which may be as a result of various different dynamic processes. The negative chlorophyll a concentration anomaly in January was associated with the warming of SST and a shallower MLD. Generally, there were higher chlorophyll a concentrations in spring during the SeaWiFS period compared with the CZCS period. However, the chlorophyll a concentration exhibits some regional differences during this season, leading to an explanation being difficult. The deepened MLD may have contributed to the positive chlorophyll a concentration anomalies from the northwestern Luzon Island to the northeastern region of Vietnam during April and May. The increases of chlorophyll a concentration in northwestern Borneo during May may be because the stronger SSW and higher WS produce a deeper mixed layer and convective mixing, leading to high levels of nutrient concentrations. The higher chlorophyll a off southeastern Vietnam may be associated with the advective transport of the colder water extending from the Karimata Strait to southeastern Vietnam.     

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