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地理国情普查中容易混分地表覆盖类型定量统计与分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
地理国情普查是新形势下测绘地理信息领域一项新的重大工作,开展地理国情普查可以全面获取地理国情信息,为开展常态化地理国情监测奠定基础。地表覆盖分类数据是地理国情普查的重要组成部分和成果之一。本文针对目前地理国情普查工作实际数据采集过程中存在的混分问题,广泛收集了地表覆盖分类方面的典型样例和问题,从一级类内部混淆和跨一级类混淆两个方面统计和分析了容易混分的类型,探讨了容易混淆地表覆盖类型形成的原因和规律,并给出了提高分类精度的建议。本文研究结果可直接服务于地理国情普查工作的开展,为提高地表覆盖分类精度提供科学参考。 相似文献
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李妍妍 《测绘与空间地理信息》2021,44(3):198-200
以指数法为基础对东北地区某采矿大县的景观格局进行了研究.数据来源为地区2018年地理国情普查数据成果,通过对其地表覆盖数据进行合理的再分类得到研究区的土地利用状况.最后,通过计算研究区的斑块类型尺度水平的度量指标和景观尺度水平的度量指标分析出该区域的景观格局现状. 相似文献
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多尺度地理加权回归的地表温度降尺度研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
由于星载热红外传感器研发技术的局限性,单一传感器尚不能提供兼具高频次、高空间分辨率地表温度数据。协同其他遥感辅助数据,对低空间分辨率、高时间频次地表温度产品开展降尺度研究成为了解决这一难题的有效途径。然而由于现有地表温度降尺度方法未充分考虑不同地表状态参数对地表温度空间分异格局的尺度影响差异,降尺度后的地表温度数据在异质性景观区域存在精度较差和空间纹理不清晰的问题。鉴于此,本文以北京和张掖地区的8期MODIS地表温度产品为例,通过引入多尺度地理加权回归MGWR(Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression)来分析归一化植被指数NDVI、数字高程模型DEM、坡度和经纬度对地表温度空间格局影响的尺度差异,提出一种针对MODIS地表温度产品的空间降尺度算法,并与TsHARP算法、多元线性回归算法、地理加权回归算法和随机森林回归算法进行定量对比。结果表明,基于MGWR模型的地表温度降尺度转换函数能够良好地揭示多种地表状态参数与地表温度间的不同作用关系,其中NDVI和坡度对地表温度分布具有全局影响,DEM和经纬度对地表温度呈现出了局域性作用。与4种代表性方法相比,基于MGWR算法降尺度后的100 m分辨率地表温度数据具有更好的空间纹理,在城镇和沙漠等温度异质性明显地区保障了清晰的景观纹理;另外,对于所选研究区的8期MODIS地表温度产品而言,利用MGWR算法降尺度后的地表温度均拥有更好的精度,在0—1 K误差级别下的面积占比均大于57%,均方根误差RMSE(Root-Mean-Square Error)均小于2.85 K,决定系数R2(coefficient of determination)均大于0.88。 相似文献
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全球地表覆盖高分辨率遥感制图 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
全球地表覆盖分布及变化是气候变化研究、生态环境评估、地理国情监测、宏观调控分析等不可或缺的重要基础信息。国际上现有全球五套地表覆盖数据产品的空间分辨率为1km或300m,数据精度、分类体系、时空分辨率等均存在不足。为了满足全球变化研究与地球模式模拟的需求,应该研制具有较高时空分辨率、更符合全球变化需要、精度较好的全球地表覆盖数据产品。本文简要介绍了全球地表覆盖遥感制图的情况和数据产品的不足,讨论了对新一代地表覆盖数据产品的需求,介绍了我国研制全球30m地表覆盖数据产品的863重点项目。 相似文献
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采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的
污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体
污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。 相似文献
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Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
C. Bhuiyan R.P. Singh F.N. Kogan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006,8(4):289-302
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw. 相似文献
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Piyoosh Rautela Ramesh Chandra Lakhera 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2000,2(3-4)
The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies. 相似文献
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ZHAN F. Benjamin 《地球空间信息科学学报》2011,(1)
Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200... 相似文献
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GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议. 相似文献
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“4D”技术及其应用 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
介绍“4D”(即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图)系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):66-87
Abstract Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised. 相似文献
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Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services
Kohei OGAWA Edward VERBREE Sisi ZLATANOVA Naohiko KOHTAKE Yoshiaki OHKAMI 《地球空间信息科学学报》2011,14(2):109-118
Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders. 相似文献
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地理数据库的关系模型及其实现 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4~9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。 相似文献