Impact of the El Nino on the Variability of the Antarctic Sea Ice Extent

1　IntroductionManymeteorologistsandoceanographerspaidmuchattentiontothestudyofthemechanismofENSOformanyyears,suchasBjerknes(1 966) ,Wyrtki(1 975) ,McCreary(1 983 ) ,Philander(1 984) ,ZhangandChao(1 993 )andMcCPhaden(1 998)havemadegreatdevelopmentinthestudyofENSO .Especiallyinthe 1 990’s,withtheincreasingofthedatainthedeepocean ,thesomeonearguedthattheENSOepisodehadcloserelation shipwiththeeasterntransportationoftheanomalousseasurfacetemperatureinthewestPacific(LiandMu 1 999;Huang 2…     

Densification and grain coarsening of melting snow

1　IntroductionSnowdensificationiscriticalforcalculationsinengineering glaciology,snowavalancheforecasting ,springflooding,andotherpracticalaspects.Itisalsoimportantforinterpretingicecoredataincludingthosetakenfromratherwarmsiteswheresurfacelay ersexperiencemelting ,sinceitwouldaffectthechangeofannuallayerthicknesswithtime.Whileextensivestudies(e.g .AndersonandBenson 1 963 ;Bader1 960 ,1 962 ;Koji ma 1 95 4,1 95 5 ,1 95 6,1 95 7,1 95 8,1 95 9,1 964;Keeler 1 967;Gow 1 975 ;MaenoandE binuma 1…     

SEAWEED CULTIVATION: TRADITIONAL WAY AND ITS REFORMATION

INTRODUCTIONSeaweedcultivationisthemosteffectivewayforobtaininglargeamountofseaweedproducts.Thoughseaweedcultivationhasahistoryofonlyafewdecades,itsdevelopmentisfast (Fei,1 996) .Thetotalproductionofcultivatedseaweedatpresentisabout 62 50× 1 0 3tonsfreshweight,ofwhichLaminariaaccountsfor 3 1 0 0× 1 0 3tons,Undaria 2 2 0 0x 1 0 3tons,Porphyra 750× 1 0 3tons,Gracilariasp .1 0 0× 1 0 3tons,EucheumaandKappaphycus 1 0 0× 1 0 3tons,otherkindofseaweeds 1 0 0× 1 0 3tons.Theestimatedtotal…     

关于《混沌与SS混沌不等价》的注记

研究了符号动力系统的子转移,得到了:1)对于σ:Σs→Σs(σ:++ΣZ→ΣZ),则(ⅰ)至少存在Cs2(无穷多)个不同的混沌但非SS混沌且有零拓扑熵的极小子转移;(ⅱ)至少存在Cs2(无穷多)个不同的有零拓扑熵且为SS混沌的极小子转移;(ⅲ)至少存在Cs2(无穷多)个不同的有零拓扑熵且非混沌的极小子转移。2)设s≥2是任一整数,K1(s)={0,1,,s?1}。令a1,a1∈K1(s),a1≠a1,An=A1A2An?1Bn?1,An=A1A2An?1Bn?1,其中Bn?1为由{{}}Kn?1=P1P2Pn?1Pi∈Ai,Ai,1≤i≤n中所有不同成员的任意排列而得到的Kn?1-词,n=3,4,…,A2=A1A1A1A1A1,A2=A1A1A1A1A1,A1=a1,A1=a1;设a=A1A2,X=ω(a,σ),则:①σX:X→X是混沌的但非SS混沌的极小子转移;②σX:X→X的拓扑熵为零,推广了已有的结果和例子。     

2008年《浙江国土资源》总目录

让节约集约用地成为共同行动1-1积极构建保障科学发展的新机制2-1按战略部署推进工作3-1“红线”意义的彰显4-1心祭5-1粮价油价小汽车6-1勿忘粮食和耕地的“约定”7-1日本资源战略的启示8-1认识和实践的一次飞跃9-1解放思想转变观念10-1省厅开展深入学习实践科学发展观活动11-1     

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???????????????1???1??(10 ^-5 ms ^-2 ??)??????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????????????????1???1??????????????????????????????÷??????????衣 ????????????????????????????????????÷??????1???1???????????????????????????     

Measurement of Labile Cu, Pb and Their Complexation Capacity in Yueqing Bay in Zhejiang Province, China

1　INTRODUCTIONRecently ,thepollutionoftracemetalinseawaterhasbecomeincreasinglyevident.Researchershavefo cusedattentiontotracemetalpresentinvariousexistenceforms ,especiallyorganiccomplexingphases.Theexistencestatesandtransportmechanismofbaytracemetalswerethesubjectofstudybysomere searchers(Gu ,1 991 ;Florence ,1 998;Guo ,1 998;Wells,1 991 ,1 998a ,b ;Wellsetal.,1 998) .Whetherinfreshwaterorseawater,colloidsareclearlydominantfactorsaffectingtheexistencestatesandtransportmechanismoftrac…     

Effect of Fouling Organisms on Food Uptake and Nutrient Release of Scallop （Chlamys nobilis, Reeve） Cultured in Daya Bay

Biofouling is an important factor that affects the bivalve farming industry. Fouling organisms may reduce growth and survival rate of the cultured species. Fouler are often filter feeders, so they are potential competitors for food resource with the cultured species. The present study was conducted to measure the impact of fouling on food uptake and nutrient release in April and June, 2006 in Daya Bay near Guangzhou, China. Results showed that fouling organisms had significant effect on food uptake and nutrient release. The chlorophyll a uptake rate of fouled scallops was 7.53Lh-1±1.416Lh-1 and 11.94Lh-1±2.497Lh-1 in April and June, respectively, significantly higher than those of cleaned scallops, i.e., 4.23 Lh-1 ±2.744Lh-1 and 2.57Lh-1± 1.832 Lh-1 respectively.The consumption of total particulate matter by fouled scallops in April and June was 5.52Lh-1±0.818Lh-1 and 3.07Lh-1±0.971 Lh-1,respectively; the corresponding results for cleaned scallops are 2.49Lh-1 ±0.614Lh-1 and 2.37± 1.214Lh-1, respectively. Fouling increased ammonia release significantly. The ammonia release rate of fouled scallops was 33.81Lh-1±7.699Lh-1 and 76.39Lh-1 ±9.251Lh-1 in April and June, while cleaned scallops released 2.46Lh-1± 0.5 1 1Lh-1 and 7.23Lh-1± 1.026Lh-1 ammonia, respectively. Phosphate release of fouled scallops was 22.72Lh-1 ± 9.978 Lh-1 in June and cleaned scallops released phosphate 6.01Lh-1 ±0.876 Lh-1 in April. Therefore, fouling contributed much to food reduction and concentration increase of ammonia and phosphate in water.     

Effects of Body Weight and Water Temperature on Maximum Food Consumption of JuvenileSebastodes fuscescens (Houttuyn)

1　INTRODUCTIONTherateoffoodconsumptionoffishfedadlibitumisregardedasthemaximumrateoffoodconsumption(Cmax) (Woottonetal.,1 980 ) .SeveralfactorsthatinfluenceCmaxincludingbodyweight (Liuetal.,1 998) ,watertemperature (Liuetal.,1 998) ,dis solvedoxygen (Vivekanandan ,1 977) ,salinity (ZanuyandCarrillo ,1 985 ) ,andphotoperiod (Grossetal.,1 965 ) ,werereported .Bodysizeandwatertemperaturewereregardedastwoofthemostimportantfactors,andhadreceivedmostattention (Elliott,1 979;Woottonetal.,1 …     

Determination of the Current System on Isopycnal Surface Between Mindanao and New Guinea from GDEM

1 .INTRODUCTIONThewesternequatorialPacific ,particularlythesouthernmostPhilippineSea ,wascalled“watermasscrossroads”byFineetal.(1 994 )duetotheconfluencethereofseveralwatermassesfromhigherlatitudesofbothhemispheres (Wyrtki,1 96 1 ;Fineetal.,1 994 ) .Fineetal.(1 994 )de picted (Fig .1 )majorcurrentsintheIndonesianregion .AfterencounteringthewesternboundaryalongthePhilippinecoast,theNorthEquatorialCur rent (NEC)bifurcatesintothenorthwardflowingKuroshioandthesouthwardflowingMindanao…     

基于多源数据的县域主导功能类型划分及其空间结构模式识别

研究县域主导功能类型并分析空间结构模式对区域全面、协调、可持续发展的引导和规划调控具有重要意义。本文以广东省为例,利用K-means聚类分析对其124个县域单位主导功能区类型进行划分;基于腾讯位置大数据,利用位序—规模法则构建空间结构指数,并结合遥感数据对不同主导功能县域的空间结构模式进行识别和分析。研究表明：① 利用统计、遥感、社交媒体以及夜间灯光等多源数据和K-means聚类方法进行县域主导功能区分类,分类结果能客观反映区域特征,广东省县域主导功能可分为生态主导型、农业主导型、工业主导型、中心服务型和均衡发展型5类;② 基于腾讯位置大数据的位序—规模法则方法能够突破城市尺度,结合遥感数据定量分析,可用于中观县域尺度的空间结构模式识别研究;③ 农业主导型和生态主导型县域空间结构指数均值都大于1,呈单中心空间结构特征趋势;工业主导型县域空间结构指数均值小于1,呈多中心空间结构特征趋势;均衡发展型县域空间结构指数均值接近1,不同地区均衡发展型县域所呈现的空间结构特征存在差异;④ 不同主导功能县域之间的空间结构模式差异明显,生态主导型县域多呈单中心极核式,农业主导型县域多呈单中心极核+散点式,均衡发展型县域多种模式并存特征明显,而工业主导型县域呈多中心网络分布模式。     

基于2015年尼泊尔MW7.8地震震后形变探测青藏高原南缘的岩石圈流变结构

基于有限元方法,采用2015年尼泊尔MW7.8地震震后5 a的GPS观测资料约束青藏高原南缘的岩石圈流变结构,利用通过主前缘逆冲断裂带(MFT)间的距离来约束边界位置的垂直边界结构和印度弹性俯冲板片结构探测印度板块和青藏高原板块的边界结构。结果表明,2种结构均能产生与观测数据一致的南-西南水平运动模式,并能较好地解释远场地面位移,但垂直边界结构模型得到的垂直形变偏大,而俯冲板片结构模型能很好地解释中尼边境及以北地区的隆升现象。青藏高原下地壳稳态和瞬态粘滞系数的最优结果分别为1×1018 Pa·s和1×1017 Pa·s。     

重庆两江新区空间结构演变驱动机制分析与过程模拟

两江新区作为中国第一个内陆开放区,在短时间内经历了高强度开发,其社会经济空间结构演变对于国家新区的发展和规划具有重要意义。两江新区的城市建设用地扩张基本分布在中心城区外围,部分沿交通线向外扩张,并可通过元胞自动机模型对未来建设用地演变趋势进行模拟。本研究基于两江新区的人口数据、建设用地空间分布、道路数据等基本要素分析区域空间结构演变过程,定性与定量相结合研究两江新区空间结构演变的特征与机制并进行多模型模拟。研究结果表明：① 从人口、用地、交通等基本要素的时空变化可以看出,两江新区自2010年6月成立至2015年,区域城镇中心体系和空间结构都发生了明显的变化;② 政策环境、基础设施、要素成本和集聚效应是企业入驻两江新区的4个主要驱动因素;③ 两江新区建设用地扩张空间累积阻力值呈同心圆和轴带发展形态,建设用地空间演变基本向空间累积阻力值低的方向和地区扩张;④ 元胞自动机模型模拟的结果精度在80%以上,能够展示过去5年两江新区空间结构的演变过程和未来该区域空间结构的状况。本研究的结果能够为内陆开放区的优化建设提供科学参考,有助于提高重庆市两江新区开发建设的效益。     

Study on deep structure in Ailaoshan region based on aeromagnetic interpretations

Linear and circular interpretation structure maps of different relative depths are obtained by processing 1:200000 aeromagnetic data to the pole in Ailaoshan region, interpreting upward extension of 4 heights, extracting a vertical second derivative line of 0 value and a series of calculations. Concealed boundary of deep magnetic rocks can be delineated according to the maps. On the basis of the conclusions above, a set of economical and practical methods to graph the deep structure are summarized. In addition, the relationship between deep structure and mineralization positions is discussed.     

基于软件接收机的BDS/MEMS IMU深组合导航性能分析

针对BDS/MEMS IMU深组合导航全物理实验难度较大的问题,提出一种基于软件接收机的BDS/MEMS深组合导航系统仿真分析方法。给出BDS软件接收机结构,介绍深组合导航系统结构设计及滤波算法,最后基于仿真数据进行验证。结果表明,在高动态条件下,就BDS/MEMS IMU导航系统而言,其深组合的导航精度较紧组合有较大提高,位置误差小于1 m,速度误差小于0.01 m/s。     

模糊信息分配法及其在水质评价中的应用

将模糊信息分配方法应用到水质评价中。该方法是从原始数据信息中直接构造系统模型 ,尽可能保留原始数据结构的完整性。它与模糊一、二级近似推论构成一套完整的评价方法。用该方法对西安市地面水水质进行评价 ,结果表明评价结果能较准确地反映水质的实际情况 ,具有一定的应用价值。同时提出一种新的水质分级方法     

Study on deep structure in Ailaoshan region based on aeromagnetic interpretations

Linear and circular interpretation structure maps of different relative depths are obtained by processing 1：200000 aeromagnetic data to the pole in Ailaoshan region, interpreting upward extension of 4 heights, extracting a vertical second derivative line of 0 value and a series of calculations. Concealed boundary of deep magnetic rocks can be delineated according to the maps. On the basis of the conclusions above, a set of economical and practical methods to graph the deep structure are summarized. In addition, the relationship between deep structure and mineralization positions is discussed.     

姬塬地区长81油层组砂体结构特征及对油藏的控制作用

作为姬塬地区主力开发层系的长8₁油层组,其砂体的交错叠置关系严重影响该地区油藏分布规律的认识。为了研究长8₁油层组砂体结构特征及其对油藏分布的控制作用,立足于长8₁油层组的砂体形成机理,综合沉积、测井等资料划分砂体结构类型,刻画砂体的横向交错和纵向叠置关系,进而厘清砂体结构对油藏分布的控制作用。研究结果表明:姬塬地区的砂体结构可划分为4种类型,分别为叠合箱型、齿化钟型、孤立箱型和孤立指状型,其中叠合箱型砂体含油性好,是油藏主要储集体;齿化钟型和孤立箱型砂体顶底含油性差,中部含油性好且均匀;孤立指状型砂体物性和含油性均较差。该地区的砂体结构与有利区分布具有显著关系,叠合箱型砂体发育地区多为Ⅰ类有利区。研究成果可为姬塬地区长8油藏的精细勘探开发提供依据和方向。      

Mountain Land Use Planning of Metropolitan Suburbs： the Case of the Jinyun Mountain and Its Surrounding area, Chongqing, China

Open space of metropolitan suburbs in mountain region, has been increasingly becoming the coupling mosaic structure of industrial actions and landscape behaviors. However, the local governments, when making land use planning, often aim at economic development, and rarely refer to the coordination of compatibilities and conflicts between industrial actions and landscape behaviors in the mosaic structure. In this study land use in the Jinyun Mountain and its surrounding area, Chongqing is adjusted by gray multi-objective programming approach and local-level decision-making process to cope with conflicts between objectives for human welfare and objectives for landscape conservation. The results indicate that： 1） the compatibilities and conflicts among different behavior characters and different landscape types result in the compatibilities of landscape to human behavior; 2） a land use planning in the study area is produced based on the sustainable land use and social-eco development, which pays more attention to the resources and environment constraints and economic objectives, and follows the distribution law of rare resources; 3） in the study area, cultivated land of 1,207.27 ha can meet the demands for food and byproducts by the residents there, orchard land and forestland of 632.55 ha, 2,276.61 ha, respectively can provide enough spaee for the local people to improve their living structure and meet their demands for reereational activities, and urban residential land, rural residential land, mining land and transportation land of 1107.60 ha, 120.27 ha, 162.48 ha, 100.91 ha, respeetively can satisfy the resident＇s eeonomie development and infrastructures; 4） the equilibrium among industrial actions, landscape accessibility and ecological conservation can be obtained by analyzing the possible impaets of human activities on landscape eeologieal proeess in open spaee of metropolitan suburbs in mountain areas.     

中国网络信息流的空间结构模式分析

信息流在社会空间结构研究,尤其是在城市空间结构研究中占据越来越重要的地位,本文以CERNET的数据为基础,分析了信息流的等级结构和流动模式,揭示了我国互联网网络结构的空间特征,并对其未来的发展变化提出了初步的设想以及对未来研究方向和方法的一些建议。