石臼坨凸起西南缘陡坡带东三段古地貌对沉积的控制

为解决渤海海域石臼坨凸起西南缘陡坡带东三段沉积体系展布规律及控制因素等问题,综合利用钻井、测井和地震资料,恢复石臼坨凸起西南缘的古地貌,研究古凸起、古沟谷、沉积区底型等地貌单元,解析陡坡带不同位置扇体分布规律的差异性,阐明古地貌格局对沉积的控制作用。结果表明:东三段物源区古地貌呈西部高隆、中部过渡、南部阶地、东部平缓的地貌格局,沟谷大量发育,且发育类型自西向东由深V型向宽缓的U型和W型演化。沉积区古地貌受同沉积断裂控制形成4类沉积底型,并形成洼槽与脊梁相间格局,西部和东部洼槽可容纳空间比中部的大。扇三角洲主要沿古凸起发育的沟谷进入湖盆,在可容纳空间较大的洼槽带分布,具有西部极富集、东部相对富集、中部贫砂的规律。物源区宏观古地貌对应的供给方式控制扇体的发育样式,沟谷规模和数量控制扇体的展布范围,沉积区底型控制扇三角洲富集程度。剥蚀区古沟谷发育且边界断层活动性强形成的洼槽带,是陡坡带寻找富砂沉积体的有利方向。     

黄河口凹陷西北部湖底扇的沉积演化及发育模式——以古近纪沙三下亚段为例

湖底扇是黄河口凹陷古近纪一种重要的沉积类型,扇体储集物性和含油性较好,具有勘探价值.研究黄河口凹陷沙河街组沙三下亚段岩心、测井、地震反射特征,认为A区含油砂岩体为在半深湖—深湖环境形成的2种类型湖底扇沉积.低位域时期发育远岸的深水浊积湖底扇;湖扩域和高位域时期发育由三角洲前缘砂体滑塌进入湖底堆积而成的滑塌浊积湖底扇.从空间分布看,深水浊积扇主要发育在低位域湖盆内二阶断裂的下降盘;滑塌浊积扇主要发育在研究区南部的断裂陡坡带,位于扇三角洲前方,且扇体规模较大,发育时间长.湖底扇的发育受沉积坡折和断裂坡折的控制.由于构造背景、湖平面变化及物源供应不同,湖底扇的位置、规模和形态也不尽相同.     

巴音都兰凹陷巴66扇体沉积特征及控制因素

为了确定巴音都兰凹陷巴66扇体的成因类型和特征，利用岩心、岩石薄片、测井和三维地震等资料对其沉积特征、控制因素、沉积模式等进行了系统性研究。研究表明，巴66扇体为间歇性洪流经短距离搬运后快速沉积而成的扇三角洲，扇体水动力以重力驱动为主导，平面延伸短，内部分异差，整体呈朵状，具有“小平原-大前缘”的相带特点。扇体主要特征为:岩石成分成熟度和结构成熟度均低，以杂乱块状砂砾岩为典型岩相；测井曲线具有高幅、齿化、多突变接触等形态特征；地震相包含乱岗状、前积状、席状等类型，并据此划分出平原，前缘(近、中、远端)，前三角洲或湖相等相带。综合分析认为斜坡带之所以发育扇三角洲主要受凹陷背景环境、古地貌控制:①隆起物源、盆窄(无宽缓斜坡)、湖阔等背景条件保证了物源供给以及短距离搬运的条件；②凹槽古地貌提供了砂体发育空间，坡折带改变了坡度，分割了可容纳空间并控制了相带分布，水下低凸起影响了扇体平面形态展布，最终构建了巴66扇体的沉积模式。      

沾化凹陷孤北洼陷沙二段—沙三中亚段上部沉积体系分析

为明确沾化凹陷孤北洼陷沙二段—沙三中亚段上部砂体平面展布规律,确定物源方向及沉积边界,利用岩心、粒度、测录井和地震等资料分析该区沉积体系,研究沉积相展布规律。结果表明:研究区主要发育辫状河三角洲、扇三角洲、浪控三角洲、滩坝和湖泊等沉积相;物源主要来自北部、东部和南部,西部和东北部也有较弱物源注入;辫状河三角洲主要分布于东部和北部桩南鼻状构造带;扇三角洲主要呈窄条带状沿埕东凸起展布,分布范围有限;浪控三角洲分布于南部孤北鼻状构造带;滨浅湖发育于古隆起两侧的东西次洼,半深湖—深湖集中发育在西次洼中,沉积体系具有一定继承性。同时,沙二段沉积期因湖盆整体处于湖平面下降和上升转折期,主要发育滩坝沉积相。该研究对提高研究区沉积相类型及展布规律识别的准确度、发掘深部地层及新探区具有指导意义。     

准噶尔盆地车排子地区白垩系沉积特征及演化

利用钻井、测井、录井和地震等资料,分析岩石结构构造和古生物,研究准噶尔盆地车排子地区白垩系沉积相发育特征.结果表明:研究区白垩系主要发育扇三角洲相和湖相,可以划分为扇三角洲平原﹑扇三角洲前缘和滨浅湖亚相,以及水上分流河道、漫滩沼泽、水下分流河道、水下分流河道间、席状砂、泥滩、滩坝微相.总体为滨浅湖沉积背景,西北部为隆起区,提供物源,向东、南方向逐渐演化为宽缓的斜坡,碎屑物质主要沉积于斜坡的滨浅湖区.从清水河组到连木沁组沉积范围不断往西南部扩大.受湖平面升降、气候变化、沉积物供给等因素的影响,扇三角洲砂体规模较小,滩坝砂体广泛发育,砂体紧靠生油凹陷,是油气聚集的有利场所,易于形成下生上储型油藏,是油气勘探的重要目标.     

歧口凹陷北塘次凹沙三段物源—沉积体系分析

为明确歧口凹陷北塘次凹物源体系砂体展布、确定勘探目标区带,根据布格重力异常、古地貌和地震资料等分析物源口分布及运移方向;根据轻重矿物特征分析物源波及范围;利用砂体分散体系分析物源与砂体分布,构建物源—沉积体系.结果表明:研究区沙三段发育西部及北部物源,包括西部葛沽、塘沽、军粮城,以及北部汉沽、大神堂和涧南等6个子物源,其中大神堂、涧南、塘沽与军粮城子物源供给强度大、波及范围广,是北塘次凹主要物源供给区;受物源体系影响,北部发育冲积扇—辫状河三角洲—远岸水下扇沉积体系,西部发育扇三角洲—远岸水下扇体系,多种沉积体系相互匹配,形成北塘次凹"满盆皆砂"的砂体分布格局;三角洲前缘与远岸水下扇主水道微相区砂体是油气聚集成藏优质储层,为下一步油气勘探有利目标区.     

东北大三江地区早白垩世岩相古地理研究

通过大量野外观察,结合岩芯、测井及地震剖面资料,研究东北大三江地区早白垩世穆棱组、城子河组的沉积相;并在对各个沉积相带的沉积特征和时空展布归纳和总结的基础上,编制了一套早白垩世穆棱组、城子河组岩相古地理图。结果表明:城子河组和穆棱组沉积相类型丰富,以滨浅湖、三角洲平原等浅水沉积为主,夹数层沼泽相煤和海相夹层;在古隆起的边缘有扇三角洲、辫状河相存在,向盆内过渡为滨浅湖和半深湖。城子河组沉积时期,汤原断陷周边发育扇三角洲沉积,绥滨坳陷和前进坳陷以三角洲和滨浅湖沉积为主,局部发育半深湖,并发育海相夹层和沼泽沉积;鸡西盆地和勃利盆地以三角洲和滨浅湖沉积为主,虎林盆地以滨浅湖沉积为主,局部发育半深湖,并发育海相夹层和沼泽沉积;穆棱组沉积时期,汤原断陷周边发育扇三角洲沉积,绥滨坳陷和前进坳陷地层不太发育,鸡西盆地和勃利盆地以三角洲和滨浅湖沉积为主,局部发育半深湖,并发育海相夹层和沼泽沉积,虎林盆地南部凹陷以滨浅湖沉积为主。早白垩世穆棱组、城子河组时期,张广才岭和桦南隆起是盆地主要物源供给区。     

松辽盆地外围西部上二叠统林西组岩相古地理特征

松辽盆地外围西部上二叠统林西组主要分布于西拉木伦河断裂以北、贺根山—黑河断裂以南,以及稍北的内蒙古地区。根据野外勘察、实测剖面和岩心观察资料,建立研究区上二叠统林西组沉积亚相岩性组合模式,明确晚二叠世林西组岩相古地理特征。结果表明:研究区上二叠统林西组主要发育湖泊、扇三角洲、河流3种沉积相,以及滨浅湖、半深湖、扇三角洲平原、扇三角洲前缘、辫状河、滨浅海6种沉积亚相,以滨浅湖亚相为主,滨浅海亚相分布局限,在林西县官地剖面顶部出现。松辽盆地西部上二叠统林西组,构成以西拉木伦河与贺根山—黑河断裂为主要控制区的、以南北向物源供给为主的滨浅湖—扇三角洲—河流沉积体系。该结果对松辽盆地外围西部晚古生代油气勘探具有重要意义。     

歧口地区港西凸起周缘沙二段沉积体系特征

为明确歧口地区港西凸起在沙二段沉积期沉积体系分布格局,基于地震、测井、录井、岩心及薄片等资料,结合轻重矿物分布特征,分析沉积古背景及沉积特征,总结港西凸起两翼不同的砂体发育模式,明确有利储集相带及其控制因素。结果表明:港西凸起两翼沉积特征存在明显差异,南翼歧北地区受港西凸起、孔店—羊三木凸起及燕山物源的影响,主要为宽缓湖湾沉积,从西南向北东方向依次形成粒屑滩—滩坝—砂质云坪—扇三角洲相的沉积格局;北翼港北地区受港西凸起物源的影响,发育断槽输砂及斜坡控砂的砂体分布模式,主要为扇三角洲和滩坝沉积;港西凸起两翼发育的扇三角洲水下分支河道砂体及沿岸大面积分布的滩坝砂体厚度适中、储集物性较好,且分布稳定,为油气聚集的优势储集相带。     

坡折带控制下的坳陷湖盆沉积体系——以松辽盆地西部斜坡区为例

以松辽盆地西部斜坡区为例,根据岩心 、测井和地震资料,利用井震结合方法,分析泉头组四段和青山口组的层序地层、构造演化、沉积相和岩石学特征,研究坳陷湖盆的沉积体系特征.结果表明:齐家—古龙凹陷沉积体系受坡折带影响明显,具有坡折带控砂的特征.西部斜坡区存在两阶坡折带,发育河流—三角洲—浊流—湖相沉积,三角洲和河流相广泛发育在二阶坡折带以上,二阶坡折带以下主要发育浊流和湖相.沉积体系规模主要受物源供给和底型坡度控制.水退期,三角洲在陡坡带易出现河谷下切作用,坡折带之下易产生浊流相;平面上,三角洲发育于缓坡带.三角洲沉积粒度较粗,规模较大;浊流相主要为三角洲在二阶坡折带之下的延伸,粒度较细,规模较小.受湖平面升降频繁影响,三角洲砂体与湖相泥岩交替出现,形成有利的常规勘探领域;浊流相砂体直接赋存于湖相成熟泥岩,形成有利的岩性圈闭.该结果对研究区优质储层的预测和井位部署具有指导意义.     

四川盆地珍珠冲组植物群特点及侏罗系与三叠系界线的厘定

归纳总结了四川盆地珍珠冲组植物化石7类50属128种,须家河组植物化石10类71属267种,并将珍珠冲组植物群划分为上、下两个组合.通过分析两组植物群的发育特点及演化规律,结合区域有关资料,对侏罗系与三叠系界线进行了厘定.在四川盆地北部大巴山前缘地区,依据珍珠冲组(白田坝组)的岩性特征和所含植物化石特征,将侏罗系与三叠系的界线置于含Coniopteris植物化石的珍珠冲组(白田坝组)底部石英质砾岩或石英砂岩之下的假整合面或剥蚀面上;在四川盆地东北部的云阳、奉节及长江以南万县地区,侏罗系与三叠系的界线划在云阳南溪剖面上含Coniopteris murrayana植物化石8.3 m之下的珍珠冲组黄绿色泥质粉砂岩夹粉砂质泥岩地层之底.     

Numerical study of the seasonal salinity budget of the upper ocean in the Bay of Bengal in 2014

Impact factors on the salinity budget,especially the eddy salt fluxes and smaller-scale diffusive salt fluxes for the upper 50 m of the Bay of Bengal(BoB) in 2014 are investigated using a box model based on the Regional Ocean Modeling System(ROMS) daily outputs.The model results reproduce that the precipitation and river runoffs are the dominant factors modulating the sharp salinity decrease during the summer monsoon season.The analysis shows that the salinity increase after the summer monsoon is mostly due to the meridional advective and diffusive salt fluxes.The vertical advective salt flux,which is sensitive to the different signals of the wind stress curl,plays an important role in balancing the salinity change induced by the meridional advective salt flux during both the summer and winter monsoon seasons.Distinctive spatial mesosc ale structures are presented in the eddy salt flux throughout the year,and their contributions are sizeable(over 30% in the meridional direction and about 10%-30% in the vertical direction).The meridional eddy salt flux is larger in the monsoon seasons than that in the inter-monsoon seasons,and in a positive pattern near the western boundary during the winter monsoon and autumn inter-monsoon.The vertical eddy salt flux makes an important contribution to the salinity budget,especially along the coastal area and around the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.The vertical eddy salt flux becomes large when a tropical cyclone passes the area.     

分形异常筛选法在桐柏山-大别山地区钼矿调查中的应用

应用分形法对桐柏山-大别山地区进行了钼元素地球化学异常筛选与靶区预测,以期实现该地区的找矿新突破。研究
最终在桐柏-大别地区圈定出25个有利钼异常区及5个靶区,分别是枣扒靶区、吴山靶区、墨斗关靶区、两路口靶区、烈马咀靶
区。其中,重点对两路口靶区进行了勘查工作,并且在该地区新发现了小型钨矿体。综合说明,分形法对桐柏山-大别山地区的
异常筛选工作优于传统方法,本次研究的成果对桐柏山-大别山地区寻找钼、钨矿床具有较强的指导意义。      

Changes in the network of tourist trails in the border zones of the Czech Republic after entering the Schengen area

Among the factors influencing tourist trail network development are political issues, including the presence of state borders, the possibility of crossing them and the accessibility of border zones. In the article, it was decided to look at changes in the offer of tourist trails(hiking and cycling) along the entire border of the Czech Republic after the extension of the Schengen area(within this area, crossing the border is possible anywhere, and not only at official border crossings). It should be emphasized here that the borders of the Czech Republic over most of their length run through mountainous areas and, apart from political factors, natural features should have a major impact on the development of tourist routes. In order to determine the coherence of the current network of trails on both sides of the Czech Republic state border, modern tourist maps have been analyzed, determining the number of places where it is possible to cross the state border with the help of a marked tourist trail. Based on that, two indicators were introduced to determine the degree of openness with all neighboring countries as regards the opportunity to cross on a tourist trail. Changes in the historical situation, a comparison of the accessibility of the border area before entering the Schengen area and 2019, were analyzed for two study areas using archival maps. Over a decade after the extension of the Schengen area, the number of places where tourist trails of neighboring countries approach the border has clearly increased. Crossing is more often made possible using hiking trails than cycling routes(trails of the first type cross the border every 7.91 km, while the latter every 13.3 km), but considering the speed of movement, it can be assessed that the openness for cyclists is higher than for hikers. Moreover, in many places there is still significant potential for further integration of tourist trail networks as trails created in one country often do not have a continuation on the other side of the border.     

Assessment of Habitat Suitability in the Upper Reaches of the Min River in China

Habitat richness influences and even determines biological diversity. Plant habitat suitability assessment can provide technical guidance and information support for ecological restoration. Thirteen factors in three categories of terrain, meteorology and soil were chosen to build a habitat suitability assessment index framework in the Upper Reaches of the Min River, based on the local natural environment and the actual influencing factors of vegetative growth. Combined with the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) and entropy method, which were used to calculate weights of indexes, habitat suitability was studied by using a multi-objective linear weighting model and geographic information systems(GIS) spatial analysis techniques. The assessment results are as follows: Altitude, soil stability, aspect and slope have more important effects on plant habitat suitability in the Upper Reaches of the Min River, and their weights are 0.311, 0.260, 0.198 and 0.125, respectively. Suitable and sub-suitable habitats cover 4431.80 km2 and 6171.12 km2, respectively; most of which are distributed along both sides of rivers and have higher suitability. Unsuitable habitats cover the largest area(6679.76 km2), accounting for 29.83% of the whole area; and the worst unsuitable habitats are 5107.23 km2(22.81%); they account for more than half of the studyarea. These results indicate that the plant habitat in the Upper Reaches of the Min River is poor and ecological restoration is both urgent and difficult. Therefore, based on the principle of taking measures suitable to the habitat in ecological restoration projects, ecological and engineering measures should be combined to have better effects, while increasing the strength of ecological protection.     

严格执法监督 大力推进国土资源管理依法行政

介绍了泰州市在推进国土资源管理走上法制化轨道的过程中采取的一系列措施.从健全规章制度,规范执法行为,实行责任追究制度,制约行政权力到严格考核奖惩,确保各项措施落到实处,便民服务,公开接受社会监督等,取得了明显的成效.     

Characteristics of the transition Layer in the South China Sea in 1998

CTD data on standard levels coolected during July and December in 1998 and the cubic spline interpolating method were used to study the characteristics of the transition layer temperature and salinity.The thermocline undergoes remarkable seasonal variation in the South China Sea (SCS),and especially in the region of the north shelf where the thermocline disappears in december.The thermocline is stronger and thicker in July than in December,There is no obvious seasonal variation in the halocline.Due to the upper Ekman transport caused by monsoon over the SCS,the thermocline slopes upward in July and downward in december from east to west in the northern SCS.The characteristics of the thermocline and halocline are influenced by local eddies in the SCS.The Zhujiang diluted flow influences significantly the SCS shelf‘s halocline.     

瞬变电磁法在煤矿断层导水性勘查中的应用

煤矿断层导水是引起煤矿水害问题的主要因素之一,对煤矿断层的导水性勘查与评价是煤田水文地质研究中的重要课题,也是煤矿采区布置与安全开采必须解决的问题。在煤矿开采初期查明矿区内断层构造的空间分布及其含导水性,对指导煤矿安全生产具有重要的意义。在充分收集新安煤矿矿区地质、水文及物探资料的基础上,利用瞬变电磁技术,对区内断层等构造的含导水性进行了勘查,取得了良好的效果,为煤矿的开采设计和施工提供了参考依据,有效地预防了煤矿开采过程中安全事故的发生。     

鱼虾混养池中蓝藻群落结构及其微囊藻毒素含量变化

对广东省中山市三角镇的低盐度鱼虾混养池进行连续采样分析,结果表明,混养池中的蓝藻主要有螺旋藻(Spirulina sp.),鱼腥藻(Anabaena sp.),颤藻(Oscillatoria sp.)、铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)等,其中盐泽螺旋藻的优势度为0.52~0.73。蓝藻是水体中的优势微藻种群,蓝藻细胞数量占微藻细胞数量的88%~99%,蓝藻细胞数为0.99×10~9~5.89×l0~9 cell/L。混养池微藻多样性指数(H’)为1.16~2.49,养殖水体处于中度污染状态。溶解性无机氮的质量浓度为0.13~2.30 mg/L,正磷酸盐质量浓度为0.25~2.39 mg/L,化学需氧量的质量浓度为1.94~13.79 mg/L。微囊藻毒素(MC-LR)在水中质量浓度为0.18~0.79μg/L。蓝藻细胞数量与化学需氧量之间呈显著的正相关关系,表明蓝藻的生长情况与养殖池中的有机污染程度有密切联系,低盐度的富营养化的水体能促进蓝藻的生长,成为微藻群落中的优势种群。MC-LR的质量浓度与蓝藻细胞数量之间无显著相关。