明矾石合成4A沸石的试验研究

以明矾石矿为原料,成功地合成了物理化学性能较好的４Ａ沸石。通过对４Ａ沸石合成的基本原理、工艺条件和主要工作参数的研究,提供了合成４Ａ沸石的新途径,丰富了明矾石矿综合利用的新内容。     

国内外明矾石矿产资源综合利用概况

明矾石是一种有价值的多元素矿产资源,从中可回收４０多种化工产品。综合利用明矾石是当前明矾石工业研究的一项重要课题。介绍了国内外明矾石综合利用的概况,在陶瓷、水泥、填料和聚合铝的生产领域,明矾石产品正在得到广泛应用。提出了用明矾石制取钾肥和作玻璃工业代用原料的综合利用发展趋势。     

明矾石及其综合利用

<正> 明矾石是一种含钾、铝硫酸盐矿物。我国明矾石矿产资源丰富,多分布在工业较为发达的东部地区,因此,综合利用明矾石,提高产品的经济效益,是当前明矾石工业研究的重要课题。本文仅根据我国东部地区部分明矾石矿的资料,就明矾石的性质和综合利用的方向作一些论述,供明矾石开发研究工作中参考。     

明矾石矿床中钒、镓萃取实验和综合利用的建议

通过对浙江平阳矾山明矾石矿山矿石利用率低、环境污染十分严重的调查和深入研究该明矾石矿床野外地质、采矿工艺及分析岩石、矿石中有用元素含量的基础上,提出了矿床综合利用的建议。同时,对达到回收品位的钒（Ｖ）、镓（Ｇａ）稀有金属进行了萃取实验。实验采用天然的明矾石矿石、矾化围岩和提炼明矾后的废料－矾浆、矾碴和炉灰作为试料,配制含一定浓度的ＨＣｌ、ＨＢｒ、ＨＣｌＯ４、ＨＦ、Ｃ６Ｈ６Ｏ８和Ｃ６Ｈ５ＣＨ３等不同     

《明矾石利用物理化学原理》评介

我国明矾石矿资源丰富,是我国历史上利用较早的非金属化工矿产资源之一,已有3000多年开发应用史,但明矾石综合利用研究与开发仅有几十年历史。古代应用明矾石矿石炼制出明矾,主要应用于医药、净水和染织等行业。在宋代,明矾曾被官方列为专卖的盐、柴、酒、香料、矾五品之一。近     

浙江省明矾石矿分布规律及找矿方向

一、前言浙江省明矾石矿资源丰富。随着明矾石综合利用工作的深入开展,尤其是从明矾石中提取钾肥的工业性生产日益重要,明矾石矿的用途和需求量一定会进一步扩大与增长,这就要求我们需要对现有的地质资料加以整理和总结,以便查明其分布规律,明确其找矿方向。本文是根据有关单位的地质资料和我们的工作成果写成的。     

再论明矾石矿的过剩铝氧问题

本文再次强调,将明矾石矿石中的过剩铝氧直接当作有害组分是不合理的。就明矾石综合利用而言,真正的有害组分来自脉石矿物中的活性二氧化硅,并非过剩铝氧。     

紫金山金铜矿明矾石的矿物学特征

紫金山金铜矿中火山机构的不同部位具有不同特征的明矾石。本文在野外地质调查工作的基础上,通过岩相学、矿相学、扫描电镜、能谱分析、电子探针、粉晶衍射、热差分析等手段,对紫金山金铜矿中的脉石矿物明矾石的矿物学特征进行了系统研究。明矾石分为岩浆热液、岩浆蒸汽、蒸汽加热三种成因类型。岩浆热液型明矾石呈鳞片状分布明矾石化花岗岩中或呈柱、粒状分布于矿体中;岩浆蒸汽型明矾石多呈脉状分布于矿体上部,晶体呈页片状;蒸汽加热型明矾石呈粉末状分布在潜水面附近。明矾石有多种颜色,与铜矿石矿物共生的明矾石多呈玫瑰色,而蚀变花岗岩中或潜水面附近粉末状的明矾石多呈粉红色、肉红色或灰白色。电子探针显示明矾石化学成分相对理论值具有富Al,贫K、SO3,富Na、Ca、Ba、Ti等微量元素,且火山口附近明矾石含钠较高,而远离火山口的北西矿带及深部含钠较低。粉晶衍射显示北西矿带中明矾石的晶胞参数从火山口由近到远,从浅部到深部,晶胞参数增大。热差分析显示火山口处明矾石的吸热谷较深。这些特征显示火山口附近明矾石形成温度较高,远离火山口的西北矿带及深部明矾石形成温度较低,其形成与潜火山活动有关。     

雅鲁藏布缝合带硅岩的地球化学成因标志及其地质意义

通过西藏雅鲁藏布缝合带所产硅岩的化学组分中具有成因标志的不同元素组合比值（ＭｎＯ/ＴｉＯ_２、Ａｌ/（Ａｌ＋Ｆｅ＋Ｍｎ）及Ｆｅ/Ｔｉ-Ａｌ/（Ａｌ＋Ｆｅ＋Ｍｎ）的相关图解、Ａｌ-Ｆｅ-Ｍｎ的三角图和硅岩原子量进行对比研究，从一个侧面反映硅岩的成因及其雅鲁藏布缝合带形成和演化关系。     

矾浆的综合利用研究——一种浮选-酸浸联合工艺

<正> 任何明矾石生产工艺(包括酸浸法、氨浸法、水浸法、还原热解法)在生产明矾、硫酸铝等产品的同时,都会产生大量的高铝矾浆。由于矾浆中同时含有大量的硅、铁等杂质,使其长期以来得不到利用。随着对明矾石综合利用研究的深入,一些新的含铝、钾、硫的产品不断出现,如工业钾盐、氧化铝系列原料、各种铝盐等。这些新产品的出现,为综合利用矾浆开辟了市场。尽管如此,由于矾浆除铁技术尚未过关,矾浆的工业利用至今在国内外尚无成熟的实例。因此,探索和研究降低矾浆中以铁为主的杂质含量的工艺方法,提供技术可     

Geochemistry, mineralogy and genesis of pyrophyllite deposits in the Pötürge Region (Malatya, Eastern Turkey)

In the Pötürge (Malatya, Turkey) area pyrophyllite occurrences are common in the shear zones, mostly in the form of lenses along faults. Mineralogical investigations (XRD, FTIR and SEM) revealed that pyrophyllite, kaolinite (dickite) and quartz are present in the form of major phases and muscovite (sericite), kyanite, chlorite, and alunite are only present in the form of minor phases. This study revealed that the existence of the kyanite phase points out to high pressure and temperature conditions which the rocks were underwent. On the other hand, the minerals such as pyrophyllite, kaolinite, and alunite are products of a low degree metamorphism (retrograde). The mineral paragenesis in the pyrophyllite deposits suggests that the formation of minerals took place in two ways: (1) the transformation of kyanite into pyrophyllite and quartz through retrograde metamorphism by a high degree temperature, (2) then pyrophyllite and probably muscovite were transformed into kaolinite and alunite through reactions with relatively low temperature hydrothermal fluids. The geochemical data indicate that during the retrograde metamorphism the elements K, Rb, Sr, Ba, S, and Fe were mobile, the elements Si, Al, P moderately mobile to immobile and the HPS elements (Zr, Ti, and Nb) were immobile. It was shown that the formation of pyrophyllite, kaolinite and alunite was associated with depletion in alkalis, Mg, Fe and enrichment of elements including Sr, Ba, and S. Mineralogical and geochemical data suggest that parent rocks (pre-metamorphism) of the Pötürge pyrophyllite were probably kaolinite, Al-rich clays or bauxites.     

安徽庐枞盆地矾山酸性蚀变岩帽形成时代及其地质意义

酸性蚀变岩帽是岩浆热液流体和围岩在近地表相互作用的产物,是斑岩-浅成低温热液成矿系统的重要指标。发育在长江中下游成矿带庐枞盆地内的矾山酸性蚀变岩帽产出面积较大( 20km~2)。前人对该酸性蚀变岩帽中的明矾石矿床的地质和地化特征进行了相关研究,但详细的年代学研究工作尚未开展。为精确厘定矾山酸性蚀变岩帽的形成时代,本文开展了明矾石~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar法和金红石原位U-Pb法定年。矾山酸性蚀变岩帽中明矾石共有三种类型:ⅠA型明矾石主要呈交代蚀变发生在热液蚀变早阶段,与石英、粒状黄铁矿或赤铁矿、少量金红石共生;ⅠB型明矾石形成于热液蚀变晚阶段,主要呈叶片状集合体充填在开放空间中,与石英、星点状赤铁矿、粒状金红石集合体共生,少量金红石和赤铁矿沿明矾石解理裂隙分布;Ⅱ型明矾石是表生明矾石,主要呈细粒集合体沿裂隙分布,与赤铁矿、高岭石、地开石共生。三类明矾石形成于不同环境下:ⅠA和ⅠB型明矾石形成于岩浆热液环境下,是大矾山明矾石矿区的主要产物;Ⅱ型细粒明矾石分布在矾山酸性蚀变岩帽的非明矾石矿区,是表生环境下的产物。ⅠA型明矾石的~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar定年的坪年龄为131±6Ma,代表了矾山酸性蚀变岩帽的形成时代。与Ⅱ型明矾石密切共生的金红石U-Pb定年结果为32. 7±4Ma,在该期间,整个盆地内无岩浆活动发生,该年龄反映了矾山酸性蚀变岩帽经历表生氧化作用的时间。明矾石和金红石定年结果分别对应岩浆热液和表生明矾石的形成时代。在利用明矾石进行找矿工作时需先明确明矾石成因,矾山酸性蚀变岩帽中深成明矾石是下一阶段的找矿研究的基础。     

Diagenetic alunite in clastic sequences, Kuwait, Arabian Gulf

Diagenetic alunite occurs with calcrete, gypcrete and silcrete deposits in a Mio-Pleistocene clastic sequence at several locations in southern Kuwait, Arabian Gulf. Based on their physical properties and textural characteristics the alunite deposits were divided into (1) chalky quartzitic alunite, (2) chalky quartz-free alunite, (3) hard pink alunitic sandstone. The chalky alunite is composed mainly of hydronium-alunite (H₃O)Al₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆, while the hard pink alunite is composed solely of well developed potassium alunite KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆. These minerals resulted from the action of sulphuric acid on clays and K-feldspars in the muddy sandstone and mudstone host sediments. The sulphuric acid is most probably produced by the oxidation of hydrogen sulphide that might have seeped in from the oil fields of this area. Four diagenetic stages are suggested for the genesis of the studied alunites: gypsification, sulphuratization, silicification and alunitization. In oil field areas, the occurrences of alunite would serve as an indicator for the presence at depth of hydrocarbons.     

福建南部大矾山蚀变岩帽的明矾石特征及其找矿指示

含明矾石蚀变岩帽是斑岩-浅成低温热液成矿系统顶部的标志性蚀变,但关于其找矿指向性矿物——明矾石的特征系统地研究不够,特别是如何通过明矾石矿物学特征有效判断蚀变岩帽下伏的成矿潜力,是目前的难题。中国东南沿海地区已探明了以紫金山金-铜矿床、大矾山蚀变岩帽为代表的多个大型斑岩-浅成低温矿床和含明矾石蚀变岩帽,是探讨该问题的理想对象。文章以大矾山蚀变岩帽（面积约8 km²）为研究对象,利用短波红外光谱、电子探针、X射线衍射等技术分析手段,开展明矾石的矿物组合、类型和波谱等方面研究。结果表明,大矾山蚀变岩帽主要蚀变矿物为石英、明矾石、叶腊石、地开石、高岭石、白云母及少量蒙脱石,具有蚀变分带特征,中间主要为石英-明矾石-地开石和地开石-叶腊石蚀变带,南部主要为白云母化-蒙脱石蚀变带,北部为高岭石-白云母蚀变带。研究区的明矾石全为钾质明矾石,按晶形可分为粒状、叶片状和纤维状3种类型,明矾石颗粒普遍发育环带,暗示其形成过程中流体具脉冲式特征。明矾石的短波红外特征吸收峰在1477.69~1479.98 nm之间,具有从东南向西北逐渐变大的趋势,反映出热源可能位于西北部。结合区域地质背景,笔者认为大矾山蚀变岩帽是典型的酸性蚀变岩帽,该区的西北部靠近热源中心,其深部沿断裂带具有寻找浅成低温热液铜（金）矿床的潜力。     

REE characteristics of the Fanshan alunite deposit in Zhejiang Province, China

1 Introduction Alunite [KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6] is a very important non-ferrous metal resource, so many countries throughout the world have made great investments in research on the mechanism of its formation, its geological characteristics and applications. O…     

Equilibrium data and process design for adsorption of disperse dyes onto Alunite

Adsorption of disperse dyes from aqueous solutions onto calcined alunite has been investigated to assess the possibility of using alunite for removing disperse dyes from aqueous solutions. The effects of particle size, adsorbent mass, initial pH and temperature of the dye solution on the adsorption capacities have been evaluated. Acidic pH was favorable for the adsorption of all dyes: Disperse Blue 56 (DB56), Disperse Red 74 (DR74) and Disperse Yellow 119 (DY119). The experimental data were correlated reasonably well by the Langmuir isotherm and the isotherm parameters (K_L and a_L) have been calculated. The adsorption capacities were found to be 498, 525 and 500 mg of dye per g of calcined alunite for DB56, DR74 and DY119, respectively. The single-stage batch adsorber design of the adsorption of disperse dyes onto alunite has been studied based on the Langmuir isotherm equation.     

浙江省明矾石矿床地质特征及其成因类型

浙江非金属矿产资源丰富,其中明矾石等5种矿产的储量居全国首位,对明矾石资源的开发利用也居全国前列;但对其的控矿因素、成矿机理、成因类型的研究相对滞后。通过综合分析浙江省境内典型矿床的地质特征、成矿条件与环境,将其分成:火山喷发沉积-热液交代型、火山热液交代型两种类型。     

Hydrothermal Alteration of the Saplica Volcanic Rocks,Sebinkarahisar, Turkey

A widespread, intense hydrothermal alteration zone has developed in the Cretaceous Saplica volcanics as a result of the intrusion of Late Cretaceous-Paleocene granitoids. The propylitic, phyllitic (sericitic), and argillic alteration along with hematite, silica polymorphs, and two types of tourmaline mineralization developed under a wide range of Eh and pH conditions.

Alunite, kaolinite, and silica are abundant in the argillic alteration, whereas sericite dominates in the phyllic alteration. Most of the major alunite deposits are located along the periphery of the Saplica volcanic rocks and in addition contain alunite, kaolinite + quartz ± opal ± cristobalite. Illite and pyrite, barite, and gypsum also occur in small amounts.

Major and trace elements are concentrated in, or were leached from, the volcanic rocks, depending upon the alteration types. In general, Al + K and Mg + Ca + Fe were enriched in the alunitic + sericitic and propylitic alteration types, respectively. On the other hand, Ca, Mg, and Fe were leached during argillic alteration, and Fe was concentrated in hematite formation. Strong leaching of Na was determined for alteration types. Silica generally decreased in argillitic (kaolinitic and alunitic) alteration zones. Most trace elements were mobile during hydrothermal alteration. Y, Sc, Mo, Cr, Co, Ni, and Zn tend to be mobile in acid aqueous systems, and thus are nearly absent in these alunitic alteration zones. In the surrounding kaolinitic envelope, these elements are present at background (average) or slightly higher concentrations. Rb and Sr contents are high in the alunitic and kaolinitic zones. Barium is highest near the alunite zone because of the relative insolubility of barite in acidic solutions. Pb and Cu contents increase in the propylitic zone. Such hydrothermal alteration zones can be used effectively in the exploration and evaluation of mineral resources of the eastern Black Sea region.     

Examination of the jarosite–alunite precipitate addition in the raw meal for the production of Portland and sulfoaluminate-based cement clinkers

The aim of the present research work was to investigate the possibility of adding a jarosite–alunite chemical precipitate, a waste product of a new hydrometallurgical process developed to treat economically low grade nickel oxides ores, in the raw meal for the production of Portland cement clinker. The precipitate was also tested in the production of non-expansive, sulfoaluminate-based cement clinker, as a substitute for gypsum because of its high sulfate content. For the Portland clinker, two samples of raw meals prepared, one with ordinary raw materials (reference sample) and another with 1% jarosite–alunite precipitate. Both raw meals were sintered at 1450 °C. For the sulfoaluminate-based clinker, one raw meal contained 20% gypsum (reference sample) whereas the other contained 11% of the precipitate. Both raw meals were sintered at 1300 °C. The results of chemical and mineralogical analyses as well as the microscopic examination showed that the use of the jarosite–alunite precipitate did not affect the mineralogical characteristics of the so produced Portland cement clinker. In the case of sulfoaluminate-based cement clinker, there was confirmed the formation of the sulfoaluminate phase (C₄A₃S¯), the most typical phase of this cement type.     

重庆洪官渡铝土矿床镓元素地球化学特征及其成矿环境探讨

重庆洪官渡铝土矿床伴生Ga含量普遍超过了工业综合利用指标。Ga与Cr、TiO2呈强正相关,与V呈中等程度的正相关,与Al2O3、Fe2O3不相关。根据Sr/Ba、u/Th、Ga/Al等地球化学指标值特征,判断该铝土矿床的含矿岩系属海陆交互沉积,但以陆相沉积为主;同时,洪官渡铝土矿床是在以淡水作用为主的弱酸性氧化环境的中形成。