柱层累托石材料对有机废水的处理及效果评价

就使用柱层累托石材料对有机废水处理的实验研究进行讨论。采用累托石材料，在用量为15kg/t时，加入用量为4kg/t的还原剂FE，废水中COD去除率达70%；如果再用累托石进行二次吸附，其COD去除率达92%；处理水COD值降为96mg/L，达到GB8978-1996一级排放标准，同时实验了累托石的再生利用效果。     

羟基锆交联累脱石的制备研究

以钠化累托石为原料进行改性制备羟基锆交联累托石，并探讨以羟基锆交联累托石制备吸附有机废水的最佳条件。试验得到的最佳条件为：交联剂浓度为0．20mol／L，85℃下回流12h，累托石悬浮液浓度为60，投料比为4mmol／g时，在65℃下交联反应2．5h。在此条件下制备的羟基锆交联累托石的比表面积为9．250m^2／g，对COD的吸附容量可达119mg／L。     

羟基磷灰石吸附剂去除铬黄工业废水中铅离子的研究

羟基磷灰石吸附剂对铬黄废水中Pb^2 吸附的间歇实验结果表明：当每吨废水中吸附剂用量为200～400g时，常温搅拌60min后，在弱酸性或中性废水中，铅离子质量浓度由2.74mg/L降至0.5mg/L以下，完全符合GB8978-1996工业废水排放标准1.0mg/L。     

累托石/聚丙烯酸(钠)-丙稀酰胺吸水保水复合材料的制备及性能

采用焙烧-磁选法、酸洗提纯法、煅烧法均能有效减少湖北钟祥累托石粘土中的黄铁矿.实验用累托石粘土中黄铁矿含量为4.37%, 硫含量为2.32%.采用焙烧磁选法, 温度300℃、时间2.0h、二次磁选后, 累托石粘土中硫含量降为0.52%;酸洗法, 酸液浓度60%、时间1.0h、温度60℃时, 硫含量为0.57%;煅烧法, 当温度550℃、时间为0.5h时, 硫含量为0.78%.研究发现所得粘土矿物对聚合复合法制备累托石/聚丙稀酰胺-丙烯酸(钠) 吸水保水复合材料的阻聚作用不明显, 且不影响后续聚合反应最高硫含量约为0.78%.在65~70℃反应条件下, 含煅烧累托石粘土20%、丙烯酰胺15%、引发剂0.25%、交联剂0.08%, 丙烯酸中和度为80%的吸水保水复合材料的吸去离子水倍率为870, 吸自来水倍率为250, 吸生理盐水倍率为68.累托石粘土添加量在0%~30%之间时, 吸水保水复合材料的吸液倍率比不含累托石的吸水树脂高.吸水保水复合材料吸液倍率从870g/g降到84g/g时, 凝胶强度从49g/cm2上升到235g/cm2.      

羟基氧化铁改性硅藻土对六价铬的吸附性能

利用羟基氧化铁对硅藻土进行改性制备复合吸附剂,然后用一次平衡法研究了复合吸附剂对水体中铬酸根的吸附性能。实验结果表明:pH值为1.0,废水中Cr(VI)质量浓度不大于100 mg/L,吸附剂用量为0.5 g,吸附平衡时间为30min左右时,对六价铬的去除率达85%。动力学研究结果表明,Cr(Ⅵ)在复合吸附剂上的吸附动力学可以利用拟二级动力学方程较好的描述。吸附平衡研究结果表明,Cr(Ⅵ)在复合吸附剂上的吸附既可以利用Langmuir模型又可以利用Freundlich模型加以描述,这可能是由于复合吸附剂对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附既有单层吸附又有多层吸附。     

有机累托石的制备及在水性聚氨酯涂料中的防沉降作用

用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作为柱化剂制备的有机累托石,以聚醚二元醇、甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸为基本原料,采用原位聚合法制备了有机累托石/水性聚氨酯乳液。考察了乳液中有机累托石加入的质量分数对水性聚氨酯涂料防沉降性能和触变性能的影响,并对有机累托石和乳胶膜进行了结构表征。结果表明,当乳液中有机累托石加入的质量分数为3%时,水性聚氨酯涂料的防沉降性能与触变性能得到显著提高。FTIR和TG-DSC分析显示柱化剂进入了累托石层间。XRD分析表明累托石有机化前后的d001由2.438 nm增至3.562 nm。     

炉渣处理含磷废水的实验研究

以炉渣作为吸附剂，用静态吸附实验方法研究了炉渣对模拟含磷废水脱磷的一般规律，结果表明，炉渣是一种有效的吸附剂，对废水中的磷有较强的吸附去除性能。影响炉渣除磷的主要因素有吸附时间、炉渣用量、pH值和原水含磷浓度。在含磷浓度2～13mg／L、炉渣用量5g／L、中性、吸附时间为2h的实验条件下，磷的去除率可高达99％以上。     

有机累托石的制备及在水性聚氨醋涂料中的防沉降作用

用十六烷基三甲基澳化按作为柱化剂制备的有机累托石,以聚醚二元醇、甲苯-2,4-二异氛酸醋,2,2-二经甲基丙酸为基本原料,采用原位聚合法制备了有机累托石/水性聚氨醋乳液.考察了乳液中有机累托石加入的质量分数对水性聚氨醋涂料防沉降性能和触变性能的影响,并对有机累托石和乳胶膜进行了结构表征.结果表明,当乳液中有机累托石加入的质量分数为3%时,水性聚氨醋涂料的防沉降性能与触变性能得到显著提高.FTIR和TGDSC分析显示柱化剂进入了累托石层间.XRD分析表明累托石有机化前后的d001由2.438 nm增至3.562 nm.     

粉煤灰/膨润土颗粒的制备与pb2+吸附实验

以天然钙基膨润土和燃料废弃物粉煤灰为原料,工业淀粉为致孔剂,采用挤出-滚圆技术,制备了粉煤灰/膨润土复合颗粒吸附剂,并用于含Pb~(2+)溶液的吸附。研究了吸附时间、pH、投样量和溶液初始浓度对吸附性能的影响。结果表明,采用挤出-滚圆法制得的复合颗粒吸附剂大小均匀,表面没有裂纹,具有良好的机械强度。吸附实验中,在投样量10.0 g/L,溶液pH为6,吸附时间120 min,溶液初始浓度100 mg/L时,复合颗粒吸附剂对Pb~(2+)的去除率达到97.40%,吸附量为9.74mg/g。热力学实验表明吸附剂对Pb~(2+)的吸附更符合Langmuir吸附等温模型。     

聚酰胺树脂富集分离—原子吸收法测定地质样品中钯

拟定了以聚酰胺树脂为吸附剂在静态和动态操作条件下，对微量钯的选择性吸附分离方法。实验表明，树脂在0.001-2.0mol/L的HCl介质中，对钯的吸附性能很好，饱和吸附容量为19.22-12.88mg/g，平均吸附率为98.40%，吸附到树脂中的钯可用中性30g/L硫脲溶液（静态)和50g/L 硫脲溶液（动态）解脱，平均解脱率为96.95%，富集倍数可达100倍。结合原子吸收光度法，可用于矿石中微量钯的富集分离和测定，标准加入回收试验，回收率为96.0%-103.0%，标样分离结果与推荐值相符。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)