唐山及大同－阳高地震大地形变与重力前兆综合研究

本大概还了近年来利用大地形变及重力复测资料研究唐山及大同－阳高地震的丰富成果，对这２次地震震前大地形变及重力前兆综合研究认为：震中区震前呈现闭锁状态；断层蠕滑及深部物质的运移，是震前的显著标志；地震成因的组合模式可以较好地解释唐山及大同一阳高地震的机制；跟踪监测形变场、重力场及断层活动时空演化特性，是利用大地形变及重力测量手段进行地震预测的基本出发点。     

塔里木盆地区域构造特征

本文通过对塔里木盆地航磁资料的综合解释,探讨了该区深部基底构造及区域构造特征。指出在盆地深部存在一个较古老的结晶地块,它对盆地的形成及发展起着明显的控制作用。通过对重、磁及地震测量资料的分析,探讨了该区古生界、中生界及新生界等构造层发育的一般概况;并将盆地内划分为中央隆起带、西南拗陷带、塔东拗陷区、塔北隆起区、库车山前拗陷及塔东南断阶构造带等单元;指出了该区断裂发育及华力西期基性岩的分布情况。最后对西南拗陷带及塔东拗陷区的油气远景作了初步评价。     

一种人工地震信号检测及处理系统

本文介绍用ＤｓＬ－３型地震记录仪、Ｒ４０型盒式磁带记录仪及ＰＣ－１５００计算机组成的人工地震或工程振动的测量及处理系统，文章主要介绍系统功能，硬件结构及处理方法．同时还给出了软件流程及应用实例．     

中国大陆地震构造及地壳动力学学术讨论会在京召开

中国地震学会地震地质专业委员会于1981年12月5—14日,在北京召开了中国大陆地震构造及地壳动力学学术讨论会。会议代表主要来自国家地震局及所属的省局、研究所、分析预报中心及专业队,并有地质部、建工部、中国科学院及有关大专院校,共计39个单位136人。 会议的主要任务是交流与讨论近几年来在大陆地震构造、地壳动力学方面的研究成果,并讨论1982年地震地质专业委员会的学术活动计划。 通过大会及小组会的学术交流,检阅了我国在大陆地震构造及地壳动力学研究的最新成果。在大陆地     

基于双线性插值的三维横向各向同性介质初至波射线追踪

给出了基于旅行时双线性插值(LTI)的三维横向各向同性(VTI)介质中的地震初至波旅行时计算及射线追踪方法,通过三维均匀及水平层状VTI介质模型的试算,证实了该方法的准确性及适应性.该方法可用于三维VTI介质中的深度偏移及层析成像.     

引潮力的全球位移场及应力场

本文将地球看作由若干层均匀弹性球壳及一个液核所组成。文中用弹性力学方法得出了在日月引潮力作用下全球位移场及应力场的解析解。由它们将易于分析各种参数变化所产生的效应,这有助于地球模型的构制。 作为例子,文中对1981年IGS及IUGG公布并建议采用的“初步参考地球模型”（简称PREM模型）计算了引潮力引起的全球位移场及应力场,给出了模型地球的内部位移及应力的分布曲线。同时,对PREM模型计算了勒夫数及潮汐因子。计算结果与观测值相当吻合。     

脑转移瘤的MRI研究进展

脑转移瘤是颅内肿瘤的一种,多指原发于身体其他部位的肿瘤细胞通过某种途径转移到颅内,并在颅内形成新的病灶。早期诊断及鉴别脑转移至关重要,以便及时治疗,延长患者生命及提高其生存质量。MRI具备无辐射、多方位、多序列及软组织分辨率高等优点,尤其是功能成像的发展及新技术的应用使其在脑转移瘤的诊断、鉴别诊断、监测和评估预后中发挥了重要作用。本文就MR功能成像及新技术在小转移灶的检测、脑转移的鉴别诊断及疗效监测中的应用予以综述。      

用折射波Sn走时反演渭河断陷及邻近地区的莫霍面速度

根据陕西及邻近省区地震台网的地震记录,利用莫霍面折射波Sn的走时资 料,重建了渭河断陷及邻近地区莫霍间断面的速度图像,并对方法的稳定性及结果的 可靠性进行了探讨。     

高铁地震震源子波时间函数及验证

基于纵横波产生机理并结合高铁列车及铁轨结构,本文给出了高铁列车产生地震纵波及横波震源(点源及等效源)子波的时间函数;通过实际高铁地震数据及合成高铁地震数据分析,验证了高铁地震震源子波时间函数的合理性;在高铁列车匀速、加速及减速运行情况下,利用高铁地震点源子波合成记录分析了高铁地震震源子波的频谱特征,为实际高铁地震数据处理解释奠定了良好的基础.     

膝胫股关节软骨损伤与关节轴线角相关性研究?

目的:探讨膝胫股关节软骨损伤与膝关节股骨角、胫骨角、股骨胫骨角及关节间隙角的相关性。方法:回顾性分析2017年1月至2017年6月于承德医学院附属医院南院区进行膝关节MRI检查的患者587例,通过纳入标准及排除标准随机选取病例组及对照组各100例。分别测量两组人群的股骨角、胫骨角、股骨胫骨角及关节间隙角,并利用SPSS19.0对相关角度数据进行统计分析,统计方法包括秩和检验、Spearman相关性检验及ROC曲线。结果:病例组股骨角、胫骨角、股骨胫骨角及关节间隙角分别为83.22（81.85~84.40）°、95.60（94.10~96.87）°、179.00（177.50~180.25）°及1.92（1.43~2.43）°,对照组股骨角、胫骨角、股骨胫骨角及关节间隙角分别为82.50（81.70~83.60）°、94.25（93.20~95.52）°、177.20（175.90~178.17）°及0.58（0.50~0.95）°。两组胫骨角、股骨胫骨角及关节间隙角差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,股骨角差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;软骨损伤程度与关节间隙角呈显著正相关（r_s=0.852,P<0.001）,与胫骨角及股骨胫骨角无显著相关性。胫骨角的最佳临界值、敏感性及特异性分别为95.15°、56%、72%;股骨胫骨角的最佳临界值、敏感性及特异性分别为179.05°、49%、92%;关节间隙角的最佳临界值、敏感性及特异性分别为1.255°、84%、96%。结论:胫骨角、股骨胫骨角及关节间隙角的增大会影响膝胫股关节软骨,导致其损伤;且随关节间隙角的增大,膝胫股关节软骨损伤程度加重。      

地震应急现场网络传输方案的选择

地震现场的通讯环境极为复杂,公共的网络接入模式在地震时往往很难保证现场与后方指挥中心之间的实时文件传输和视频通信。本文根据地震带来的破坏程度的不同,针对地震现场的具体通信情况,以及地震应急工作中现场网络通信的需求,提出多项确保地震现场局域网络和后方指挥中心之间通信畅通的解决方案。     

对应聚类分析与变量选择

针对多维数据的统计分析问题,用对应聚类分析方法识别和剔除不必要的或有害的变量,以达到变量选择的目的.用两个应用实例说明方法的实施过程和应用效果.结果表明,用这种变量选择方法可以降低分析成本,改善统计推断的结果.     

Cargo spillage at an iron ore unloading terminal

Dust deposition in the sea at an iron ore unloading terminal in the Firth of Clyde, Scotland, was measured by means of sediment collectors placed 10 m above the sea bed on the outer face of the unloading jetty. A ‘background’ sedimentation of up to 64 g m^?2 day^?1 of non-ferrous material was obtained with no ships in port. During unloading dust quantities up to 18 021 g m^?2 day^?1 were obtained, but the quantities depended on the type of ore unloaded, and much smaller quantities of sediment were obtained with ores less prone to fine particle formation. Any ecological effects would involve sea bed benthos, although rates of transportation of the sedimented dust are probably rapid in the immediate vicinity of the ore terminal.     

Baseline levels of benzo(a)pyrene in southern California mussels

Marine mussels accumulate the carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene from contaminated environments. Baseline studies in California indicate that levels of the carcinogen in mussels are at or near zero, except in areas of human activity. This finding runs counter to previous suggestions that benzo(a)pyrene is widely distributed in marine organisms.     

Calculation of oil concentrations under chemically dispersed slicks

Equations are proposed which describe the diffusion of a plume of oil from chemically dispersed oil slicks into the oceanic water column and which yield estimates of oil concentration as a function of the volume of oil dispersed, time-varying plume area, depth, time, and as a function of a single adjustable parameter, vertical diffusivity. A ‘diffusion floor’ at any desired depth may be included. Experimental data were fitted to the equations to yield an estimate of this diffusivity. It is concluded that oil concentrations can be estimated with a mean error of a factor of three, this high value being attributable to the inherently variable nature of the oceanic diffusion processes. Implications for assessing the toxic effects of dispersed slicks are discussed. It may be possible to calculate acute median lethal water depths and volumes for given organisms subjected to given dispersed oil slicks.     

Heavy metal release from mine tailings into sea water—A laboratory study

In a laboratory experiment to simulate mine tailings disposal into a coastal inlet of British Columbia, initial rapid increases in dissolved iron, copper and lead were observed in the first three hours with subsequent slow decreases to background values within one month. Manganese and nickel increased slowly during the experiment while cadmium and zinc did not increase.     

DDT,DDE, and PCB residues in fish,crustaceans and sediments from the eastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey

Residues of DDE, DDT and PCBs were determined in four different commercial bony fishes: grey mullet, red mullet, striped mullet and gold bandgoat fish, as well as in shrimps, limpets and sediments obtained from the eastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey. The PCB levels in living organisms and sediments were found to be very low, and in most cases below the detection limits. The DDE and DDT values were relatively high compared to PCBs and there was a linear correlation between the organochlorine residue concentrations and the extractable organic material of the analysed samples.     

Impact flows and crater scaling on the moon

The axisymmetric distribution of stress, internal energy and particle velocity resulting from the impact of an iron meteoroid with a gabbroic anorthosite lunar crust has been calculated for the regime in which shock-induced melting and vaporization takes place. Comparison of impact flow fields, with phase changes in silicates taken into account, with earlier results demonstrate that in the phase change case when the 15-km/s projectile has penetrated some two projectile radii into the moon, the peak stress in the flow is ～0.66 Mbar at a depth of 66 km, and the stress has decayed to ～66 kbar at a depth of 47 km. Rapid attenuation occurs because of the high rarefaction velocity of the high-pressure phases associated with a 35% (zero-pressure) density increase. This feature of the phase-change flow tends to strongly concentrate the maximum shock pressures along the meteoroid trajectory (axis) and makes the conical zone along which high internal energy deposition occurs, both shallow and narrow. Examination of the gravitational energies required to excavate larger craters on the moon indicates the importance of gravity forces acting during the excavation of craters having radii in the range greater than ～2 – ～140 km. It is observed that the “hydrodynamic” energy vs. crater radius relation approaches those for various “gravitational” energy vs. radius relations at the radii values corresponding to the larger mare basins. Cratering energy values in the range of (1.0 – 9.4) · 10³² erg are inferred on this basis for the Imbrium crater. Using these values and the criteria that all rocks exposed to ～100 kbar or greater shock pressures are included in the ejecta (some of which falls back) implies that the maximum depth of sampling expected to be represented within the Apollo collection lies in the range 148–328 km.