包头地震台形变干扰分析

整理包头地震台伸缩仪、水管倾斜仪和水平摆倾斜仪观测资料,依据干扰类型分析发现,风扰、雷电降雨、温度与气压、标定与地震,仪器故障与停电是影响3台仪器观测的主要因素,干扰特征主要表现为缺记断记、数据突跳、尖脉冲、高频干扰、台阶、毛刺,大幅度变化、曲线加粗和趋势性变化等。不同类型观测仪器对干扰的响应不同,识别并剔除干扰,有利于地震观测数据应用,对地震异常判定具有参考价值。     

水平摆与垂直摆倾斜仪观测资料干扰特征对比

对青海省格尔木、门源和乐都地震台水平摆与垂直摆倾斜仪观测资料进行对比分析,论述温度、气压、人为活动（工作人员进入观测山洞）以及大风等干扰因素对观测资料的不同影响,发现垂直摆倾斜仪受温度、大风和人为活动等因素的干扰程度总体低于水平摆倾斜仪,对观测环境的要求相对较低。     

宁波地震台地倾斜模拟与数字观测对比分析

通过对宁波台地倾斜数字VS垂直摆与模拟JB水平摆倾斜仪2002年一年时间的并行观测和研究,认为在观测资料的连续性、稳定性、可靠性和观测精度上,VS垂直摆倾斜仪明显优于JB水平摆倾斜仪;在数据传输上,数字化仪器实现了远距离快速传输,有利于及时捕捉地震的短临信息,有利于资料共享。     

库尔勒台DSQ水管倾斜仪和SQ-70石英倾斜仪观测资料对比分析

从DSQ水管倾斜仪、SQ-70石英水平摆倾斜仪的原理出发,结合实际观测,对库尔勒地震台两套倾斜仪器所记录的资料进行对比分析。通过地倾斜的趋势分析及合成矢量分析,表明两套仪器的观测结果是基本一致的,能够较好地反映监测区域大地倾斜的变化特征。两套倾斜仪潮汐分析结果与监测场的局部构造环境是一致的,但水管倾斜仪的观测精度明显高于水平摆倾斜仪。     

库尔勒台水平摆与垂直摆倾斜仪效能对比研究

基于水平摆和垂直摆两种摆式倾斜仪不同的工作原理,对比分析库尔勒台的这两种倾斜仪的观测精度、年变幅、年零漂、稳定性、映震能力,研究观测环境和天气过程等不同影响因素对观测造成的干扰差异性,综合评价水平摆和垂直摆仪器的各项参数和优劣性,同时提取了可识别的前兆异常特征,为数据处理、资料分析、震情跟踪提供科学的依据。     

海拉尔地震台SSQ-2I水平摆与VP垂直摆观测数据对比分析

基于SSQ-2I型数字石英水平摆与VP型垂直摆倾斜仪2种摆式倾斜仪不同的工作原理,对2018—2020年海拉尔地震台2套仪器的观测数据连续率与完整率、倾斜量年飘零与年变幅、数据观测精度、噪声水平、映震能力等进行对比分析,以对2套仪器的效能进行综合评价。结果表明,SSQ-2I水平摆仪器效能优于VP垂直摆。     

海拉尔地震台SSQ-2I水平摆与VP垂直摆观测数据对比分析

基于SSQ-2I型数字石英水平摆与VP型垂直摆倾斜仪2种摆式倾斜仪不同的工作原理,对2018—2020年海拉尔地震台2套仪器的观测数据连续率与完整率、倾斜量年飘零与年变幅、数据观测精度、噪声水平、映震能力等进行对比分析,以对2套仪器的效能进行综合评价.结果表明,SSQ-2I水平摆仪器效能优于VP垂直摆.     

泰安地震台垂直摆和水平摆抗干扰能力对比

利用泰安地震台垂直摆和水平摆倾斜仪记录的干扰事件,从自然环境和人为干扰2方面,比较2套仪器对同一干扰因素的敏感程度,分析存在差异的原因,对垂直摆和水平摆倾斜仪的抗干扰能力进行研究,结果表明,在相同的观测环境中,泰安地震台水平摆抗干扰能力较强。     

北武当观测站水平摆和水管仪观测资料对比分析

文章从日动态、年动态、各类干扰形态、异常特征、潮汐因子和同震响应等方面对山西离石台北武当水平摆倾斜和水管仪倾斜观测资料进行对比分析。结果表明,水平摆抗干扰能力优于水管仪;两套仪器观测数据日变和年变形态较清晰、一致性较好;水平摆倾斜仪潮汐因子略大于水管倾斜仪;两套仪器观测数据同震响应形态与幅度基本相同,但在时间上水管仪滞后于水平摆。     

VS型垂直摆倾斜仪标定计算程序

VS型垂直摆倾斜仪是新投入使用的一种地倾斜观测仪器，为提高其标定准确性，应用VB语言编程，进行自动取值计算，可方便快捷、准确地计算格值，提高地震观测资料的可靠性。     

江西省地震局虚拟专用网(VPN)建设

叙述了在FreeBSD环境下构建基于PPTP的VPN网关的过程和技术，分析了基本概念、实现方式以及在江西省地震信息网的实际应用等。     

Methods of Investigation of the Metabolism of Anaerobic Microorganisms

At present the development together with an intensification of anaerobic processes calls for methods of observation and control. It is very important to know intermediate metabolites of anaerobic microorganisms and the activity of methanogenic ones. Presented analytical methods are GLC analyses of lower fatty acids, alcohols, aldehydes and ketones and components of biogas. The chromatography using steam as a mobile phase is also mentioned. The method of determining the fluorescent coenzyme F₄₂₀ was tested and modified. This coenzyme is specific for methanogenic microorganisms and is closely linked with their activity. The determination of the total activity of the hydrogenase system of anaerobic microorganisms by means of the rate of the consumption and evolution of molecular hydrogen was also presented. The applicability and effectivenes of these methods were verified on natural samples. All the methods mentioned above give satisfactory results with available equipment, materials and techniques.     

Evaluation of Negative Economic-Environmental Externalities of Overextraction of Groundwater

In recent decades, increased extraction of groundwater for human and agriculture consumption has led to a substantial drop in groundwater level in large areas of across the world. Declining groundwater levels is a serious problem in itself and has multiple economic, social, cultural, political, security-related, and environmental externalities. The negative economic-environmental externalities of overextraction of groundwater in the Orzouiyeh plain in the Kerman Province, Iran, were evaluated using methods such as replacement cost, production function, market prices, shadow price, and the value of the input marginal product. After evaluating externalities, the Positive Mathematical Programming method was used to evaluate different water policies to reduce the consumption of groundwater. The total economic losses due to the externalities were calculated to equal 2.8 U.S. million dollars. The damages caused by environmental externalities were calculated to equal 436.1 U.S. million dollars. The results related to the positive planning model show that the best policy among different options, such as deficit irrigation policy or combined policies, involves implementation of pressurized irrigation systems.     

山西大同数字遥测地震台网记录的震相特征

从地球及地壳的分层结构出发，使用较成熟的理论，从地震波传播的基本原理入手，结合多年的震相观察分析工作实践，选取了山西大同数字遥测地震台网近年来的一些典型震相进行了分析，得出本台网记录到震中距小于100km的地方震震相有Pg，P11，Sg，S11震中距在100km～500km的近震震相有Pn，Pg，P11，Sn，Sg,S11对比分析了在本台网内及周边地区发生的爆破与天然地震在震相上的差异性，并对其特征作了较详细的描述。     

兰州地震研究所发展的三段历史回顾

对兰州地震研究所的三段历史作回顾,分别为国家地震局、中国地震局兰州地震研究所的体制沿革变迁,中国科学院地球物理研究所;中国科学院兰州地球物理研究所观象台早期创建;兰州地震研究所硕士点早期阶段。     

Estimate of the effect of changes of atmospheric pressure on the results of levelling

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Correction of twilight measurements of influence of night sky

Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica -