羌塘盆地东部那益雄组玄武岩地球化学特征及构造意义

羌塘盆地东部那益雄组玄武岩作为裂谷演化最后阶段的喷发产物,其成岩年龄和地球化学特征为裂谷的关闭时间和二叠纪构造演化提供了重要约束.在剖面地质调查基础上,对那益雄组玄武岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年及全岩分析测试,结果显示:那益雄组玄武岩锆石U-Pb年龄为257.2±2.9 Ma,形成于晚二叠世;该玄武岩属于大陆拉斑玄武岩系列,轻微富集Ta元素而轻微亏损Nb元素,是软流圈地幔物质上涌与岩石圈地幔相互作用的产物,形成于裂谷关闭碰撞后的伸展背景.羌塘地块东部二叠纪玄武岩的地球化学数据显示,早二叠世-晚二叠世玄武岩具有由OIB型玄武岩向火山弧型玄武岩过渡的演化趋势,表明羌塘地块东部板内裂谷在早二叠世打开,中二叠世进入裂谷演化阶段,于晚二叠世关闭.      

昌都地块宁多岩群形成时代研究： 北羌塘基底存在的证据

位于青藏高原腹地的羌塘地区是否存在前寒武纪基底备受关注,宁多岩群作为北羌塘昌都地块的变质岩系之一,其形成时代的有效限定便显得至关重要。通过高精度的LA ICP MS锆石微区原位U Pb同位素测年,获得青海玉树县小苏莽一带宁多岩群黑云斜长片麻岩(副变质岩)的最新蚀源区年龄为(1 044±30) Ma,代表宁多岩群形成时代的下限;侵入宁多岩群的片麻状黑云母花岗岩(古侵入体)的形成年龄为(991±4) Ma,可代表宁多岩群形成时代的上限。将小苏莽一带宁多岩群的形成时代限定为(1 044±30)~(991±4) Ma,相当于中元古代末-新元古代初。宁多岩群黑云斜长片麻岩还出现了530 Ma的次峰值年龄,可能代表泛非运动在羌塘地区的年龄信息。     

兰坪—思茅盆地宁洱地区新生代玄武岩地球化学特征及意义

宁洱新生代玄武岩主要分布于宁洱县城与通关周围,玄武岩覆盖在下白垩统之上,主要由橄榄玄武岩及橄斑玄武岩组成,具气孔构造,斑状结构,含有较多的斜长石斑晶。宁洱新生代玄武岩为碱性玄武岩,其特征为大离子亲石元素Ba和高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Th较为富集,Ti、Al含量较高,Si含量低,轻重稀土元素分异较明显,表现出明显的Eu正异常,δEu平均值为1.34。宁洱玄武岩的地球化学特征显示其来自于陆内裂谷环境,岩浆来自于富集地幔,分离结晶作用较弱且几乎未受到地壳的混染作用。宁洱玄武岩形成于更新世时期,是兰坪—思茅盆地中轴构造活动剧烈导致新生代活动断裂相互错动,活跃岩浆迅速溢出地表的产物。区域内新生代的断裂构造具有裂谷的性质,可能处于裂谷形成的早期阶段。     

羌塘东部治多县索加一带早石炭世杂多群火山岩特征及其构造环境

羌塘东部冶多县索加一带的杂多群火山岩是由玄武岩组成的基性熔岩,属钙碱性玄武岩系列,稀土元素特征表现为轻稀土显著富集,Eu为轻微负异常,富集大离子亲石元素,高场强元素分异,反映了板内拉张环境特征。     

滇东师宗-弥勒带北段基性火山岩地球化学及其对华南大陆构造格局的制约

滇东地区的师宗-弥勒构造带是解决古特提斯东延问题的关键,综合研究表明,该带是以多条断层为骨架,包容不同性质构造岩块的构造带.明显分隔两侧不同岩石-构造组合、变质作用、岩浆活动.师宗-弥勒构造带北段的火山岩地球化学研究表明,其主要为碱性玄武岩,主元素以低TiO2、高Al2O3为特征,区别于高TiO2、低Al2O3特征的峨眉山大陆溢流玄武岩.高场强元素丰度类似于板内玄武岩平均丰度,Zr/Nb、Hf/Th值分别变化在5.6～13.5和0.9～1.3范围内,类似于板内玄武岩.球粒陨石标准化的稀土元素配分模式为LREE富集型,MORB标准化的微量元素配分型式为大隆起型,显示岩浆形成于板内裂谷构造环境.不活动元素协变关系也支持这一结论.同位素地球化学研究表明,岩石以低143Nd/144Nd、高87Sr/86Sr值为特征,类似于Rio Grande裂谷玄武岩的同位素组成,εNd(t) 值变化在+0.9～+3. 2之间,显示岩浆源于轻微亏损地幔,并受到富集地幔物质影响. (206Pb/204Pb)i、(207Pb/204Pb)i 和(208Pb/204Pb)i 分别变化在17.131～19.119, 15.386～15.670 和 37.780～39.266之间,(206Pb/204Pb)i 和(207Pb/204Pb)i 具有正相关关系. Δ206Pb/204Pb 和Δ207Pb/204Pb 分别变化在 5～24 和 21～61之间, 显示本次研究的玄武岩来源于DMM和 EMII混合组成的地幔,明显区别于具EMI特征的峨眉山玄武岩.地质、地球化学及年代学综合分析研究表明,滇东师宗-弥勒带北段的基性火山岩形成于晚古生代裂谷构造环境,指示华南大陆内部存在连通滇西特提斯的裂谷型深水海道.     

秦岭造山带南缘早古生代基性火山岩地球化学特征及其大地构造意义

秦岭造山带南缘早古生代基性火山岩元素地球化学特征,显示其形成于大陆板块内部构造环境,岩石稀土总量高,稀土分布模式为轻稀土强烈富集型,微量元素分布模式类似于大陆溢流玄武岩,综合主元素,微量元素地球化学研究认为,南秦岭造山带南部边缘的早古生代基性火山岩为板内伸展－初始裂谷环境的拉斑质大陆玄武岩,区域对比表明,南秦岭与扬子陆块之间的早古生代晚期是大陆板伸展裂陷环境,这种伸展扩张的动力学体制始于早古生代初     

祁连造山带东段中寒武世深沟组中-基性火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及构造环境

拉脊山构造带南东端磨沟地区出露一套变安山岩夹片理化变玄武岩组合,其原岩分别为亚碱性拉斑系列安山岩和玄武岩。研究表明,变安山岩锆石U-Pb年龄为503.1±6.6Ma,形成于中寒武世。玄武岩稀土元素总量为93.40×10~(-6)～135.39×10~(-6),(La/Yb)_N值为2.76～3.64,δEu为0.87～1.00,微量元素蛛网图具有不相容元素富集特征,没有明显的Nb、Ta负异常,与板内火山岩特征相似。安山岩稀土元素总量低于玄武岩,而微量元素蛛网图具有富集大离子亲石元素Cs、Rb、Ba等,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti等特征。岩石成因研究表明,玄武岩没有经历显著的地壳混染,为软流圈地幔石榴子石+尖晶石二辉橄榄岩低程度部分熔融的产物,而安山岩为地壳部分熔融的产物。构造环境判别表明,深沟组火山岩形成于大陆裂谷环境,表明祁连地块中部的拉脊山构造带南东端可能没有发育成熟的洋盆系统,随后在南祁连洋早古生代俯冲消减过程中以裂谷型岩石圈碎片的方式构造侵位于中祁连地块南缘。     

青藏高原北羌塘盆地东部二叠纪高Ti玄武岩的地球化学特征

在北羌塘盆地东部莫云地区早二叠世栖霞期尕笛考组中首次发现高Ti玄武岩.在当郎寨剖面上,火山岩主要产于尕笛考组第2和第4岩性段,第3岩性段中火山岩呈夹层产出,火山岩形成于浅海环境.岩石类型包括杏仁状玄武岩、粗玄岩、块状玄武岩、橄榄玄武岩和安山玄武岩,属碱性玄武岩系列.该火山岩岩石地球化学特征表现为高FeO*,极高TiO2,较高FeO*/MgO值,而Al2O3、MgO和Mg“值则低,LIL(Rb、Sr、Ba)和HFSE(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Th、P2O5)富集,REE总量高,显示出LREE富集的配分型式,Eu表现为弱的负异常或无异常,具板内碱性玄武岩的地球化学特征.以上特征表明,火山岩形成于陆块边缘拉张带(初始裂谷)环境.     

青藏高原北羌塘盆地东部二叠纪高Ti玄武岩的地球化学特征

在北羌塘盆地东部莫云地区早二叠世栖霞期尕笛考组中首次发现高Ti玄武岩.在当郎寨剖面上,火山岩主要产于尕笛考组第2和第4岩性段,第3岩性段中火山岩呈夹层产出,火山岩形成于浅海环境.岩石类型包括杏仁状玄武岩、粗玄岩、块状玄武岩、橄榄玄武岩和安山玄武岩,属碱性玄武岩系列.该火山岩岩石地球化学特征表现为高FeO*,极高TiO2,较高FeO*/MgO值,而Al2O3、MgO和Mg"值则低,LIL(Rb、Sr、Ba)和HFSE(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Th、P2O5)富集,REE总量高,显示出LREE富集的配分型式,Eu表现为弱的负异常或无异常,具板内碱性玄武岩的地球化学特征.以上特征表明,火山岩形成于陆块边缘拉张带(初始裂谷)环境.     

辽河群含硼岩系基性火山岩地球化学特征及形成环境

以往研究认为辽东古元古界地层中存在基性火山岩和中酸性火山岩组成的双峰式火山岩,并以此作为辽吉大陆裂谷的重要证据。本文重点讨论了辽河群含硼岩系中基性火山岩的地球化学特征,结果表明,这些基性火山岩原岩为玄武岩,属高钾—中钾玄武岩,具有拉斑玄武岩和碱性玄武岩双重特征。主量元素表现为富钠、低硅、高铁的特征。稀土元素配分曲线主要显示平坦型曲线,与大洋环境下形成的正角闪岩具有较为相似的稀土元素分布模式。辽河群含硼岩系中基性火山岩原岩的形成环境为大洋环境。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of