提高鲮鱼鱼糜弹性的方法

研究了影响鲮鱼鱼糜弹性的主要因素和加工工艺条件。研究时采用漂洗鱼肉、添加谷氨酰胺转氨酶以及二段加热方法等工艺来提高鲮鱼鱼糜的弹性。结果表明：将鲮鱼鱼肉漂洗2次，添加质量分数0．2％的谷氨酰胺转氨酶作为弹性增强剂，采用在40℃温度缓慢凝胶化3h后加热至90℃保持30min的二段加热方式，可明显提高鲮鱼鱼糜的弹性。     

鱼肉液体制曲的工艺条件

研究在鱼鲜酱油的酿制中 ,采用鱼肉液体制曲提高蛋白利用率并利用制曲过程去除鱼腥味。探讨了制曲温度、制曲时间、种曲添加量对鱼肉液体制曲的影响 ,分析了液体曲的蛋白酶活力和制曲过程对鱼腥物质三甲胺 (TMA)的消除情况。结果表明 ,制曲温度为 40℃ ,制曲时间为 2 4h ,种曲添加量 0 4%为最佳制曲条件 ,此时 ,液体曲的蛋白酶活力为 2 45Iu/mL ,制曲过程对三甲胺的去除率可达 74 7%。     

谷氨酰胺对肉仔鸡早期生长和组织器官发育的影响

在肉仔鸡基础日粮中添加谷氨酰胺进行 2 1d的试验 ,观察了其对肉仔鸡早期生长性能和组织器官发育的影响。试验表明 ,在肉仔鸡饲料中添加适宜的谷氨酰胺 ,有利于提高肉仔鸡的体重、日增重、饲料报酬和成活率 ,添加量为 0 .8%时效果最好 ,且谷氨酰胺添加量为 0 .8%时可明显提高 2 1日龄时法氏囊、脾脏、肝脏和胰腺的重量以及法氏囊指数。     

鱼肉液体制曲的工艺条件

研究在鱼鲜酱油的酿制中，采用鱼肉液体制曲提高蛋白利用率并利用制曲过程去除鱼腥味。探讨了制曲温度，制曲时间，种曲添加量对鱼肉液体制曲的影响，分析了液体曲的蛋白酶活力和制曲过程对鱼腥物质三甲胺（TMA）的消除情况。结果表明，制曲温度为40℃，制曲时间为24h，种曲添加量0．4％为最佳制曲条件，此时，液体曲的蛋白酶活力为245Iu/mL，制曲过程对甲胺的去除率可达74．7％。     

谷氨酰胺对肉仔鸡早期生长和组织器官发育的影响

在肉仔鸡基础日粮中添加谷氨酰胺进行21d的试验，观察了其对肉仔鸡早期生长性能和组织器官发育的影响。试验表明，在肉仔鸡饲料中添加适宜的谷氨酰胺，有利于提高肉仔鸡的体重、日增重、饲料报酬和成活率，添加量为0．8％时效果最好，且谷氨酰胺添加量为0．8％时可明显提高21日龄时法氏囊、脾脏、肝脏和胰腺的重量以及法氏囊指数。     

波纹巴非蛤肉的食品化学特性及其在鱼糜制品中的应用

对波纹巴非蛤肉进行的食品化学特性研究表明 :其贝肉的粗蛋白含量为 70 .6 % (干基 ) ;蛋白质营养价高 ,氨基酸价为 85(第 1限制氨基酸为 Trp) ,并富含 Glu(10 0 g样品中 2 .2 g;以下单位同 )、Asp(1.4 7g)等呈味氨基酸及提取物成分 ,Ca、Fe等无机质含量丰富。波纹巴非蛤肉以 30 %的比例添加到蛇鲻鱼糜中 ,可制得具有贝类风味 ,色泽、弹性良好的“花甲螺丸”     

鱼粒休闲食品生产工艺的探讨

对鱼粒休闲食品的工艺条件进行了探讨,着重研究了种添加物及对工艺过程对鱼粒成品的外观色泽、质地和风味等方面的影响,筛选出鱼粒的最佳配方（按份量计）为：鱼肉100份,淀粉15份,白糖15份,精盐1.8份,味精1份,鸟苷酸＋肌苷酸0.1份,五香粉1份,辣椒粉1份,胡椒粉0.4份,芥末粉2份,蜂蜜10份;同时筛选出最佳的烘烤条伯：采用从低温到高温梯度分级段烘干法,由65℃烘2.5h-→75℃烘1h－→85℃烘0.5h,最后130℃烘烤2min。并对鱼粒进行辐射保藏试验,结果表明：试制的鱼粒具有浓郁的香味,软硬适中,在常温下可保藏6个月以上。     

小杂鱼脱脂技术的研究

以小杂鱼或低值鱼为原料 ,采用常温溶剂萃取法进行脱脂 ,研究了不同溶剂、溶剂混合比、流速和萃取时间对鱼类脱脂的影响。结果表明 ,在常温下用等体积的异丙醇和乙酸乙酯混合溶剂 ,以流速 4～ 8mL/min连续萃取 4～ 6h ,脱脂鱼肉的脂肪平均含量w为 0 .19%,脱脂率高达96 .2 6 %。该方法的溶剂损耗量为加热溶剂萃取法的 1/3倍。     

鲟鱼内源丝氨酸蛋白酶对肌原纤维蛋白凝胶性能的影响

【目的】探究鲟鱼（Acipenser sinensis）内源蛋白酶对肌原纤维蛋白凝胶性能的影响及作用机制,为鲟鱼鱼糜加工及品质提升提供基础。【方法】在鲟鱼肌原纤维蛋白中添加不同蛋白酶抑制剂,并于55℃下进行劣化降解试验,筛选起主要作用的蛋白酶类型,探究该蛋白酶在不同加热模式、不同加热阶段对肌原纤维蛋白降解的水平和主要化学力的影响,以及在动态流变学中对储能模量的影响。【结果】内源丝氨酸蛋白酶在肌原纤维蛋白劣化降解过程中起主要作用,且在不同加热模式下,额外添加鲟鱼内源丝氨酸蛋白酶粗酶组相比对照组,在凝胶化的过程中伴随蛋白质降解,三氯乙酸（TCA）可溶性肽含量显著增加（P <0.05）;内源丝氨酸蛋白酶在凝胶形成过程中主要影响了疏水相互作用;动态流变学实验表明,内源丝氨酸蛋白酶的添加会降低凝胶形成的储能模量;扫描电镜观察表明,添加内源丝氨酸蛋白酶致使凝胶微观结构更为松散。【结论】鲟鱼内源丝氨酸蛋白酶一定程度上降低肌原纤维蛋白的凝胶性能。     

石膏的特征及用途

石膏是硫酸盐矿物,其化学分子式为CaSO4·2H2O。石膏可以脱水形成硬石膏,在自然界中他们都呈一种亚稳定状态,　　在一定条件下可互相转化。天然石膏主要价值是它在不同温度条件下加热,其煅烧产物具有不同的特征。如将天然石膏加热到 65 ~70℃时开始脱水,变成半水石膏;加热到200℃以内逐渐脱水,半水石膏部分变为无水石膏,但与水接触很快凝结变为二水石膏;加热到 200 ~300℃,主要成为无水石膏,凝结变慢,但强度增大;加热到 300~450℃时的产物为无水石膏,凝结变快,但强度较低;加热到 400~700℃之间,化学成分不变,成为一种新变种———“烧死”…     

Preliminary study on plasma membrane fluidity of Psychrophilic Yeast Rhodotorula sp.NJ298 in low temperature

The ability of cell to modulate the fluidity of plasma membrane was crucial to the survival of microorganism at low temperature. Plasma membrane proteins, fatty acids and carotenoids profiles of Antarctic psychrophilc yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 were investigated at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. The results showed that plasma membrane protein content was greater at -3 ℃ than that at 8 ℃, and a unique membrane polypeptide composition with an apparent molecular mass of 94.7 kDa was newly synthesized with SDS-PAGE analysis; GC analysis showed that the main changes of fatty acids were the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (C18∶ 1 and C18∶ 2) and shorter chain saturated fatty acid (C10∶ 0) increased along with the decrease of the culture temperature from 8 ℃ to -3 ℃; HPLC analysis indicated that astaxanthin was the major functional carotenoids of the plasma membrane, percentage of which increased from 54.6±1.5% at 8 ℃ to 81.9±2.1% at -3 ℃. However the fluidity of plasma membrane which was determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy was similar at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. Hence these changes in plasma membrane's characteristics were involved in the cellular cold-adaptation by which NJ298 could maintain normal plasma membrane fluidity at near-freezing temperature.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprehensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose     

JOURNAL OF OCEAN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA

<正>Copyright Submfnion of a roanusatpt inks:that the work described has not been published before(exoept In the form of an abstrW or as part of a published lecture,review,or thesis);that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere that its publication has been approved by ail     

Information for Authors

<正>The Journal of Ocean University of China(Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research)is a comprehensive academic quarterly sponsored by the Ocean University of China,published one volume per year.This journal is devoted to the publication of the theoretical and applied research results on oceanography and marine fisheries.The fieldcovered include the physical,chemical,biological,geo-     

Hydraulics and Hydrology in Mountain Areas

<正>The 35th IAHR World Congress was held in Chengdu,China from September 8 to September 132013.The title of the conference was:"The Wise Finds Pleasure in Water:Meandering through Water Science and Engineering".During the congress,1239 papers were presented in 139sessions for oral presentations and 7 sessions for poster presentations.After the Congress,a Committee was appointed to select some of the best papers presented at the Congress for publication,after a     

Sea ice thickness measurement in spring season in Bothnian Bay using an electromagnetic induction instrument

As an important component of the cryosphere,sea ice is very sensitive to the climate change.The study of the sea ice physics needs accurate sea ice thickness.This paper presents an electromagnetic-induction(EM) technique which can be used to measure the sea ice thickness distribution efficiently,and the successful application in Bothnian Bay.Based on the electromagnetic field theory and the electrical properties of sea ice and seawater,EM technique can detect the distance between the instrument and the ice/water interface accurately,than the sea ice thickness is obtained.Contrastive analysis of the apparent conductivity data obtained by EM and the value of drill-hole at same positions allows a construction of a transformable formula of the apparent conductivity to sea ice thickness.The verification of the sea ice thickness calculated by this formula indicates that EM technique is able to get reliable sea ice thickness with average relative error of only 12%.The statistic of all ice thickness profiles shows that the level ice distribution in Bothnian Bay was 0.4-0.6 m.     

Foreword

正Rapid changes of Arctic sea ice cover have been in the focus of the international climate research community in recent years.Quite a few of nations have completed a large number of related surveys and research projects in the Arctic Ocean.Up to now,China has performed six research cruises to the Arctic Ocean resulting in a significant volume of research output.Improved knowledge on the atmospheree-sea ice-ocean interactions in the Arctic is a     

Exposure ages and radiogenic ages of ureilite(GRV 024516) and ordinary chondrite(GRV 024517) from Antarctica

The GRV 024516 and GRV 024517 meteorite samples collected from Grove Montains,Antactica are ureilite and H5 ordinary chondrite,respectively.Based on the study of mineralogy-petrology,the cosmic-ray exposure ages and gas retention ages of these two meteorites were determinated and calculated.Their cosmic-ray exposure ages are 33.3 Ma,51.7 Ma,and gas retention ages are 1936.8 Ma and 3720 Ma,respectively.The ureilite contains diamond,graphite and amorphous C,which are mainly carrier of noble gases indicating obviously shock metamorphism effects,which induced 40Ar partial loss.The H5 chondrite indicates thermal metamorphism of parent body,its gas retention age fall the range between 3220 Ma and 4510 Ma of the least shocked H5 chondrites