基于磁流体力学模拟的太阳高能粒子物理模式研究进展

太阳高能粒子(SEP)事件是一类重要的空间天气灾害性事件,其数值预报研究在空间天气预报研究中占有很重要的地位。SEP事件主要包括3种类型:与太阳耀斑爆发相关联的脉冲型事件,与日冕物质抛射驱动的激波相关联的缓变型事件,以及同时具有缓变型和脉冲型事件特征的混合型事件。其中,缓变型SEP事件持续时间较长并且高能粒子强度较大,对这类事件的模拟是当前研究的难点。目前针对缓变型SEP事件的模拟工作业已发展了多个理论和数值模型。每个模型都对SEP加速和传播的复杂过程作了基本的假设,这些模型的模拟结果能够部分重现观测到的SEP事件特征。而若要提高预报SEP事件的能力,则需要将描述三维日冕物质抛射驱动的激波模型与描述高能粒子在行星际空间中的加速和传输的模型耦合起来,建立基于接近真实的SEP加速和传播的三维太阳风背景模拟及以激波参数为输入的SEP模型。主要回顾了缓变型SEP事件中粒子的加速和传输方面的研究进展,以及可用于获取CME激波传播参数的磁流体力学太阳风模型研究现状;综述了缓变型SEP事件的激波一粒子模型(shock-and-particle model);最后对未来工作进行了讨论和展望。     

掩星驿站

本月适合观测的掩星事件总计有17次之多,其中月掩星事件仅有一次,小行星掩星事件多达16次。在这16次小行星掩星事件中,掩食时间超过2秒钟的有8次之多,其中有5次均超过5秒钟,最长的一次长达39秒,可惜的是,这次长达39秒的掩星事件的掩食带只经过我国黑龙江最北部地区。     

1988年2月20日事件的初步分析(英文)

通常太阳活动水平紧密相关于日面活动区的结构及其演化特征。活动区愈复杂,活动水平愈强,太阳耀斑事件的频率愈高。当然也有一些例外,一是太阳耀斑事件与黑子活动区有时并不那么密切,甚至无关,如无黑子耀斑等;二是太阳光学事件与射电微波事件之间,也没有完全的一一对应关系,有时甚至相反,如有射电事件而没有光学事件等。88年2月20日事件正是属于后一种情况,也就是显著的微波事件对立于一般水平的光学事件。利用光学资料与射电资料,发现2695与2700MHz上的每日缓变流量与4951活动区的黑子数N和改正面积A呈好的相关。特别是与改正面积同步变化(见图3),由此可见,在二波段上的缓交流量变化可归之于仅仅是4951活动区演化的贡献,而日面上其它活动区则相对稳定,从而对此事件的4951活动区进行了初步分析,提出:对日面西边缘新生发展迅速的活动区,具有极性反转、分布紧密又呈异常排列的黑子群,它们的缓变分量迅猛增长,流量谱呈A1型等特征,可作为某些耀斑事件的预测因子。     

太阳耀斑粒子事件能谱的日面经度的统计特征

本文对1967.5-1979.8发生的能量E为20-80MeV的140个质子事件和E>450MeV的39个GLE(Ground Level Effect or Ground Level Event地面观测到的效应或事件)(1942-1986)事件以及87个(1980.3-1986.2)γ射线和22个(1980.3-1981.12)X射线事件的能谱指数随日面经度(中经距)的变化进行了统计,发现质子事件和GLE事件存在西经20°-90°W之间为容易发生的“偏爱区域”,而γ射线和X射线推得的电子事件,似乎不存着这样的区域。     

第22太阳周首次大质子事件的预测

本文通过对过去质子事件的分析,发现首次大质子事件都发生在每个太阳活动周开始后1.9年,从而得到第22太阳周首次大质子事件可能发生时段的预测。     

掩星驿站

本月适合观测的掩星事件总计有六次,其中月掩星事件两次,小行星掩星事件四次,这几次均适合爱好者进行观测。在这四次小行星掩星事件中,掩食时间均超过1秒钟,其中有两次均超过5秒钟,最长的一次长达10秒,为近年来所罕见。     

太阳射电米波毫秒快速尖峰辐射事件的统计分析

统计分析了云南天文台声光频谱仪在２２周峰年期间记录到的米波尖锋事件与光学活动及相关事件的关系。从它们的观测特征：短寿命,窄频带,频率快速漂移,及尖峰事件与磁结构复杂的大黑子活动区密切相关等,认为这些事件的辐射机制可能是电子回旋脉泽不稳定直接放大电磁波所致。     

太阳射电米波毫秒快速尖峰辐射事件的统计分析

统计分析了云南天文台声光频谱仪在２２周峰年期间记录到的米波尖锋事件与光学活动及相关事件的关系。从它们的观测特征：短寿命,窄频带,频带快速漂移,及尖峰事件与磁结构复杂的大黑子活动区密切相关等,认为这些事件的辐射机制可能是电子回旋脉泽不稳定直接放大电磁波所致。     

掩星情报站

初冬时节的北方天气已逐渐转凉了,虽然天气渐渐冷了,但月掩星和小行星掩星事件却有增无减,11月份我们可以观测到5次月掩星和18次小行星掩星事件,这个月小行星掩星事件数量之多为近年来所少见,这些小行星掩星事件为我们提供了难得的观测机会。     

鹿林彗星的断尾事件研究

鹿林彗星在2009年2月4日(UT)发生了一次断尾事件,通过对2月4日前后的观测数据进行分析,发现在2月3日鹿林彗星就已发生过一次断尾事件.对2月3日发生的断尾事件进行研究可得出断尾移动的速度为68 km·s-1,断尾事件发生的时间为2009年2月3日(15.24土5.16)时.结合断尾事件发生前后鹿林彗星的轨道特征和STEREO-A飞船所测量到的太阳风数据,鹿林彗星2月3日发生的断尾事件可能是由于日冕物质抛射和彗星相互作用导致的磁重联引起的.     

Acceleration of Numerical Integration of the Equations of Motion of Asteroids

Solar System Research - Finding and studying possible collisions of asteroids approaching the Earth requires a significant amount of computation. This paper describes the R0 program created to...     

A survey of orbits of co-orbitals of Mars

Many asteroids with a semimajor axis close to that of Mars have been discovered in the last several years. Potentially some of these could be in 1:1 resonance with Mars, much as are the classic Trojan asteroids with Jupiter, and its lesser-known horseshoe companions with Earth. In the 1990s, two Trojan companions of Mars, 5261 Eureka and 1998 VF₃₁, were discovered, librating about the L₅ Lagrange point, 60° behind Mars in its orbit. Although several other potential Mars Trojans have been identified, our orbital calculations show only one other known asteroid, 1999 UJ₇, to be a Trojan, associated with the L₄ Lagrange point, 60° ahead of Mars in its orbit. We further find that asteroid 36017 (1999 ND₄₃) is a horseshoe librator, alternating with periods of Trojan motion. This asteroid makes repeated close approaches to Earth and has a chaotic orbit whose behavior can be confidently predicted for less than 3000 years. We identify two objects, 2001 HW₁₅ and 2000 TG₂, within the resonant region capable of undergoing what we designate “circulation transition”, in which objects can pass between circulation outside the orbit of Mars and circulation inside it, or vice versa. The eccentricity of the orbit of Mars appears to play an important role in circulation transition and in horseshoe motion. Based on the orbits and on spectroscopic data, the Trojan asteroids of Mars may be primordial bodies, while some co-orbital bodies may be in a temporary state of motion.     

Observations of the intensity of the penumbra of sunspots

Observations of the penumbral intensity of sunspots in 13 wavelength regions are presented. In 4 wavelength regions 54 sunspots are measured. In the other wavelength regions the number of sunspots considered ranges from 3–19.The penumbral intensity alters with position within the spot. This intensity variation is found to be comparable with the change in intensity from one spot to another. The penumbral intensity is found to be independent of spot size in the sample considered.The penumbra model of Kjeldseth Moe and Maltby (1969) with = 0.055 is supported by the measurements.     

Equation of state and anisotropy of pressure of magnetars

Magnetars are the neutron stars with the highest magnetic fields up to 10¹⁵–10¹⁶ G. It has been proposed that they are also responsible for a variety of extra-galactic phenomena, ranging from giant flares in nearby galaxies to fast radio bursts. Utilizing a relativistic mean field model and a variable magnetic field configuration, we investigate the effects of strong magnetic fields on the equation of state and anisotropy of pressure of magnetars. It is found that the mass and radius of low-mass magnetars are weakly enhanced under the action of the strong magnetic field, and the anisotropy of pressure can be ignored. Unlike other previous investigations, the magnetic field is unable to violate the mass limit of the neutron stars.     

Graphical representation of periodic motion of the line of nodes of the Moon

In the text-books of astronomy, sections generally related to the Moon deal with the orbital elements of the Earth-Moon system such asa, e, i, , and the time of perigee passage. While the MEAN of the first of the three elements do not vary, mean longitude of the ascending node-mean longitude of the lunar perigee and the time of perigee passage undergoes secular as well as periodic changes due predominantly to the action of the Sun's gravitational attraction. While to a certain degree, explanations related to the calculation of the lunar orbit parameters are given, not a single graphical representation of these short- or long-periodic changes are presented. We allow the number of data related to these periodic changes must cover a large span of time; and if regression of the line of nodes or advances of the line of apses are to be graphically seen, data covering 18.61 and 8.85 yr, respectively, are needed. In this work we particularly aim at the graphical representation of the periodic changes of the line of nodes.