一种关键帧的自动提取方法

本文首先介绍了2种主要透镜畸变及摄像机标定方法;然后结合摄像机内部参数和视频帧率推导出关键帧航向重叠度计算公式;在此基础上实现了指定航向重叠度关键帧从文件源或实时源中的自动提取,文件源中采用定位关键帧自动提取算法,实时源中采用定时自动提取算法;最后利用得到的标定参数完成关键帧影像矫正。实验结果表明本文采用的算法能够高效、准确地得到矫正好的指定航向重叠度关键帧。     

基于重叠区域相关系数的视频影像关键帧提取算法

提出了3种基于影像重叠区相关系数的视频影像关键帧快速提取算法。该算法首先采用多项式快速、准确地拟合出视频影像相关系数的变化趋势,然后利用相邻关键帧影像重叠区的高相关特性实现关键帧帧位的快速、准确提取,并通过实例与基于重叠度计算关键帧算法的时效性进行对比。结果表明,该算法单次计算相关系数的时间相对于单次重叠度计算时间缩短了近4倍,准确度达到88%,且针对不同拍摄手段下的视频影像,提取的关键帧影像精度较高。同时,还对基于视频提取的关键帧影像进行全景图拼接,结果显示未出现明显场景缺失,且可靠性高,适用性强。     

基于改进SIFT算法的视频图像序列自动拼接

本文提出了一种自适应帧采样和限定特征提取区域的拼接方法,根据帧间重叠率和帧间隔建立线性模型,并把各帧图像对准到其前后的关键帧上。在特征点提取方面,提出了一种改进的SIFT算法进行特征点提取,并采用随机采用一致性(RANSAC)方法来更新匹配点,在图像融合中采用线性加权渐入渐出的自然融合算法。实验结果表明:该方法对一般场景能稳定的抽取到关键帧,并进行拼接,取得了较好的拼接效果。     

顾及有效区域的Voronoi图的正射影像拼接

无人机影像的重叠度通常较大(60%~80%),对纠正后的正射影像进行拼接处理时,往往会产生很大的数据冗余。同时,影像越靠近边缘处变形越大,影响拼接精度。提出了一种顾及有效区域的Voronoi图的拼接线自动选取方法,基于整体构建拼接线网络,并根据影像有效区域优化拼接线,保证拼接的精度和效率。实验表明,该方法切实可行。     

交通监控视频图像语义分割及其拼接方法

视频拼接是图像拼接的外延,在场景监控、目标识别等应用中发挥着重要作用。传统视频拼接算法多要求视频间具有较大重叠区域且特征点匹配过程中只顾及图像几何特征,当处理交通监控视频时,会因不同摄像头之间重叠区域极小或主光轴之间夹角较大而导致无法拼接或图像变形较大。为此,本文提出一种交通监控视频图像语义分割及其拼接方法。首先,利用边缘角度二阶差分直方图算法自动识别多视频交汇区域的正射影像,并将其作为拼接背景图像;然后,基于全卷积神经网络对正射影像和视频图像进行语义分割,提取图像中的交通专题语义;最后,以交通专题语义作为约束进行特征点匹配,将各个交通监控视频匹配至背景正射影像,实现监控区域视频拼接。采用山东省某市实际视频数据进行试验验证,结果表明对于重叠区域较小的监控视频,本文方法可获得较好地拼接图像,同时可有效提高特征点匹配的准确度。     

结合SIFT特征点和泊松融合的无人机遥感影像拼接技术

针对无人机遥感影像拼接技术的研究,本文提出了一种结合尺度不变的SIFT特征点和重叠过渡泊松融合的无人机遥感影像无缝拼接方法。该方法首先采用SIFT算法对影像进行特征点提取,根据特征描述符间的欧氏距离对特征点进行粗匹配;然后使用随机采样一致性（RANSAC）算法剔除误匹配点对,为防止计算出的单适应矩阵线性结构不稳定,引入LM算法对单适应矩阵进行优化;最后采用重叠过渡泊松融合算法对影像进行拼接融合,以实现影像的无缝拼接。试验结果表明,该方法在无人机遥感影像拼接方面具有优势,能够获得良好的拼接影像。     

改进SIFT小型无人机视频序列图像自动拼接方法

针对小型无人机视频序列图像视点离散、视角变化有一定运动规律的特点,本文结合Harris特征点和SIFT特征向量的优势,研究实现图像的自动配准;并采用光度对准的方法和加权平均的方法消除光度差异,较好地实现了视频序列图像的无缝拼接。实验证明该方法在图像拼接的准确性、效率等方面较经典的SIFT算法有较大提高。     

自动检测拼接线的无人机视频影像快速拼接方法

为了实现无人机视频影像的快速、优质拼接,结合灰色关联度与影像直方图匹配等技术,建立一种自动检测拼接线的无人机视频影像拼接方法。该方法拼接速度快,影像色彩变化平滑,并且无明显接缝痕迹,在简单、实用、可靠性方面优势明显;并通过实验验证,在硬件普通配置的笔记本电脑上也完全能够满足无人机视频影像实时拼接的需求。     

一种无人机视频影像快速配准方法

针对应急测绘中对无人机视频数据快速获取及处理的需求,提出了一种无人机视频影像快速配准方法。首先采用时间索引和线性/球面插值方法实现视频帧与无人机定位定姿信息的时间同步,根据数字微分纠正算法实现视频帧的地理编码,实现视频帧间的粗略配准,然后控制仿射变换模型中的缩放因子不变对纠正后视频帧的坐标进行调整,完成视频帧间的精配准:试验结果表明该方法能够得到航带内视频帧较好的配准效果。     

投影相似变换的无人机影像拼接

针对当前无人机遥感影像存在的成像范围小、视差角度大的缺点,该文提出一种改进的投影-相似变换方法来进行无人机遥感图像的拼接:通过对初始获得的单应矩阵进行改进,平滑推导重叠区域的投影变换到非重叠区域形成相似变换;该变换同时考虑拼接过程中图像重叠区域的配准精度和非重叠区域的视场一致。实验结果表明,该方法的拼接性能优于传统拼接方法。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

地理数据库的关系模型及其实现

本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

基于WebGL的三维智慧管网系统的设计与实现

随着城市面貌日新月异,地下管网的建设也在持续推进,作为城市的地下“神经网络”,全天24 h保障城市的正常运转和发展。本文以实现城市管网管理系统的高可用、无插件、智能化为目标,采用“地上地下一体”“二三维一体”的设计理念,研究基于WebGL的三维智慧管网系统的关键技术,实现了管线设施管理的信息数字化、空间化与图形化。