U–Pb SHRIMP data constraints on calc-alkaline granitoids with 1.3–1.6 Ga Nd TDM model ages from the central domain of the Borborema province,NE Brazil

The Tabira, Itapetim and Timbaúba granitoids are intruded into metasedimentary sequences and Cariris Velhos (Tonian) orthogneisses from the Central Domain of the Borborema Province, NE Brazil. They have U–Pb SHRIMP ages of 593 ± 7 Ma; 615 ± 9 Ma and 616 ± 5 Ma respectively. The studied granitoids have zircon cores inherited from the protholith, with a large number of analyses showing ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages ranging from 950 to 1200 Ma. Oscillatory zoning typical of magmatic zircon is common, although it is faint in some inherited cores.The studied granitoids are calc-alkaline and show Nd T_DM model ages ranging from 1.30 to 1.56 Ga and ?Nd (600 Ma) ranging from ?2.40 to ?5.34. These values are similar to those recorded in the country rocks. The lowest values of ?Nd (600 Ma) were recorded in enclaves of dioritic composition. Nd and U–Pb SHRIMP data suggest a significant participation of the metasedimentary rocks in the protholith of these granitoids. The Mesoproterozoic Nd T_DM model ages recorded in the studied granitoids are interpreted as the result of a hybrid source involving melting of metagraywackes, metamafic rocks of Tonian ages and/or biotite – bearing orthogneisses (Cariris Velhos Orthogneisses). The resulted melting was modified by mingling with juvenile Brasiliano melts, diorite in composition.The Timbaúba granitoids intrusions are coeval with high-T metamorphism and flat-lying foliation forming event in an intracontinental setting, during the Brasiliano convergence and contractional deformation. The Itapetim Pluton was emplaced in the convergence - lateral escape setting and the Tabira granitoids were intruded after the flat-lying foliation event, representing sin transcurrent intrusions.Our data show that within the Central Domain of the Borborema Province, granitoids with similar petrographic and geochemical compositions can have distinct ages and be intruded in distinct tectonic regimes.     

Detrital zircon U–Pb ages and whole-rock geochemistry of the Neoproterozoic Paulistana and Santa Filomena complexes,Borborema Province,northeastern Brazil: implications for source area composition,provenance, and tectonic setting

The Paulistana and Santa Filomena Complexes are situated in the southern part of the Borborema Province (northeastern Brazil), in the Riacho do Pontal Orogen, and represent meta-volcano-sedimentary sequences. We present compositional variations in the metasedimentary rocks and new U–Pb detrital zircon data. Major and trace elements indicate that the metasedimentary rocks from the Paulistana and Santa Filomena Complexes are composed mostly of immature to mature sediments derived from felsic-intermediate sources with moderate to slightly high chemical weathering. The geochemical signatures of the sediment protoliths for both complexes are characteristic of continental magmatic arc settings with minor contribution from recycled sediment sources. The source area for the Paulistana Complex rocks follow the compositional trend between calc-alkaline granites and granodiorites, whereas the Santa Filomena Complex rocks have a more restricted composition trending to more granodioritic sources. For the Paulistana Complex, two main source ages were identified: (1) Tonian (ca. 950 Ma – sample RPE-58) and Tonian–Stenian (ca. 1.0 Ga – sample RPE-103). These data coupled with geochemical information suggest that the Cariris Velhos arc system was the main source area for the Paulistana Complex. Regarding the Santa Filomena metasedimentary rocks, potential source-areas include: (1) Neoarchaean rocks (~2.6 Ga) represented by the adjacent basement rocks of the Riacho do Pontal Orogen; (2) Rhyacian–Orosirian rocks (2.2–2.0 Ga) of the Riacho do Pontal Orogen and the Pernambuco–Alagoas terrain, which include an augen-gneiss with arc-related geochemical signature; (3) Statherian granites (1.7–1.6 Ga); and (4) Cariris Velhos crust (1000–920 Ma). The metasedimentary rocks of the Paulistana Complex were deposited in a rift stage (ca. 900 Ma), which is related to the break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent. The metasedimentary rocks of the Santa Filomena Complex most probably were deposited in another rift stage (ca. 750–700 Ma) and could be correlatives of the rift formation of the Canindé Domain (Sergipano Orogen).     

Late Mesozoic magmatism in the Jiaodong Peninsula,East China:Implications for crust-mantle interactions and lithospheric thinning of the eastern North China Craton

A section from the Linglong gold deposit on the northwestern Jiaodong Peninsula,East China,containing Late Mesozoic magmatic rocks from mafic and intermediate dikes and felsic intrusions,was chosen to investigate the lithospheric evolution of the eastern North China Craton(NCC).Zircon U-Pb data showed that low-Mg adakitic monzogranites and granodiorite intrusions were emplaced during the Late Jurassic(～145 Ma) and late Early Cretaceous(112-107 Ma),respectively;high-Mg adakitic diorite and mafic dikes were also emplaced during the Early Cretaceous at～139 Ma and ～118 Ma,and 125-145 Ma and 115-120 Ma,respectively.The geochemical data,including whole-rock major and trace element compositions and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes,imply that the mafic dikes originated from the partial melting of a lithospheric mantle metasomatised through hydrous fluids from a subducted oceanic slab.Low-Mg adakitic monzogranites and granodiorite intrusions originated from the partial melting of the thickened lower crust of the NCC,while high-Mg adakitic diorite dikes originated from the mixing of mafic and felsic melts.Late Mesozoic magmatism showed that lithosphere-derived melts showed a similar source depth and that crust-derived felsic melts originated from the continuously thickened lower crust of the Jiaodong Peninsula from the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous.We infer that the lower crust of the eastern NCC was thickened through compression and subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific plate beneath the NCC during the Middle Jurassic.Slab rollback of the plate from ～160 Ma resulted in lithospheric thinning and accompanied Late Mesozoic magmatism.     

Chronological and genetic relationships between intrusive rocks of the Berdyaush pluton,South Urals,in light of new U-Pb and Sm-Nd isotopic data

Geological observations in combination with previously published and new isotopic data allowed us to reconstruct the history of geological events that eventually gave rise to the formation of the Berdyaush pluton situated on the western slope of the South Urals: (1) emplacement of gabbro into Lower Riphean sedimentary rocks (1410–1390 Ma); an enriched mantle source of gabbro arising in the Archean or Paleoproterozoic; (2) formation of granitic melt in the lower crust; Archean TTG association subsequently enriched in K and correlative elements as a result of interaction with enriched mantle-derived magmas and related fluids was a magma source; mixing of mantle and crustal magmas in the course of their synchronous ascent with formation of hybrid intrusive rocks; injections of mafic and hybrid melts into incompletely solidified granite; fragmentation of such injections with the formation of melanocratic nodules; emplacement of basic dikes into the cooled granite—all these events took place 1410–1360 Ma ago; (3) discrete episodes of partial melting of enriched mantle source with waning intensity; formation of minor volumes of melt, which solidified under auto- and paraautochthonous conditions as local domains highly enriched in incompatible elements (1360–1270 Ma); (4) partial melting of those domains resulting in the formation of minor nepheline syenite intrusions (915–800 Ma), containing relict zircon grains dated at >1270 Ma; (5) injections of mantle-derived alkaline melt contaminated with crustal granitic material as microsyenite and syenite porphyry dikes (700–500 Ma ?). Thus, the Berdyaush pluton is a projection of a local domain of mantle and crustal magma generation, which periodically resumed its activity over almost a billion years.     

The Afeição augen-gneiss Suite and the record of the Cariris Velhos Orogeny (1000–960 Ma) within the Riacho do Pontal fold belt,NE Brazil

Early Tonian (∼1000–920 Ma) rocks occur within the Transversal Zone of the Borborema Province in Northeast Brazil comprising the 700 km-long sigmoidal Cariris Velhos belt. The Afeição augen-gneiss Suite crops out in the internal zone of the Riacho do Pontal fold belt, about 100 km southwestward of the closest Cariris Velhos occurrence within the Transversal Zone, and has been proposed to represent a continuation of this belt within the Southern subprovince of the Borborema Province. Several plutons included within this unit intrude or are thrust upon metavolcanosedimentary sequences of three different units (Santa Filomena, Paulistana and Morro Branco complexes). The Afeição Suite is composed mostly of calc-alkaline, high-K, peraluminous, high-silica ferroan and magnesian granites. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns are moderate to highly fractionated, with a pronounced negative Eu anomaly. Incompatible element spidergrams show a negative Nb–Ta anomaly, akin to convergence setting (Cordilleran-type) granites. U–Pb zircon data constrain the age of crystallization between 1000 and 960 Ma, thus confirming chrono-correlation with the Cariris Velhos belt. Values of εNd(t) between −1.0 and +3.1 and T_DM of 1.2–1.5 Ga, similar to other Cariris Velhos occurrences, suggest variable mixing of Tonian juvenile sources with older crustal sources, the latter involving Archean/Paleoproterozoic basement. Although there are currently no reliable geochronological data for the supracrustal sequences of the internal zone, cross-cutting relationships indicate that the Santa Filomena and Morro Branco complexes are older or of similar age to the Afeição Suite, and thus could be related to the Cariris Velhos Orogeny. Based on petrographic, lithogeochemical, geochronological and isotope data, and according to previous models proposed for the Cariris Velhos belt, we interpret the Afeição Suite as the southwestern edge of a continental margin magmatic arc accreted to this portion of West Gondwana during the Early Tonian. Late-Brasiliano dextral displacement through the western branch of the Pernambuco shear zone separated these Cariris Velhos occurrences from its equivalents within the Transversal Zone of the Borborema Province (Recanto-type augen-gneiss of the Alto Pajeú Terrane).     

Timing and geochemistry of potassic magmatism in the eastern part of the Svecofennian domain,NW Ladoga Lake Region,Russian Karelia

The Puutsaari intrusion is a potassium-rich magmatic complex in the eastern part of the Svecofennian domain close to the Archaean border. The intrusion is generally undeformed in contrast to 1880–1875 Ma-old country rock tonalitic migmatites and diatectites. The main rock types are: (1) mafic rocks of a gabbro–norite–diorite–quartz monzodiorite series; (2) quartz diorite–tonalite–granodiorite; and (3) coarse-grained microcline granite. The three rock-types intruded coevally forming a peculiar three-component mingling system. The mafic rocks, enriched in K, P, Ba, Sr and LREE, have marked shoshonitic affinities (K₂O=1.97–5.40, K₂O/Na₂O=0.6–2.37). On a regional scale they demonstrate transitional geochemistry between less enriched syn-orogenic 1880 Ma-old gabbro–tonalite complexes and strongly enriched 1800 Ma post-collisional shoshonitic intrusions. The microcline granite as well as the tonalite–granodiorite rocks are geochemically similar to crustal anatectic granitoids of the NW Ladoga Lake area. The three rock groups do not form a single trend on Harker-type diagrams and are unlikely to be related by fractional crystallisation or mixing. Zircons from the Puutsaari microcline granite and from the mafic rock series have been dated by ion-microprobe (NORDSIM) at 1868.2±5.9 and 1869±7.7 Ma, respectively. Most zircons recovered from a granite sample had zoned or homogeneous cores and unzoned fractured rims. No statistically significant variation of zircon core and rim ages from the granite was established in the course of this study. Zircons from the mafic rock are unzoned. It is suggested that the mafic rocks at Puutsaari were derived from an enriched mantle shortly after the main Svecofennian collisional event and the roughly 1.88 Ga regional metamorphic culmination. The emplacement of the mafic melt caused anatectic melting of various crustal protoliths and produced coeval granitic and tonalitic compositions.     

黑龙江258高地金矿区侵入岩锆石U-Pb年代学及地球化学特征

258高地金矿床地处黑龙江省完达山成矿带东部,矿化与岩浆侵入活动密切相关。文章利用锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年方法,对258高地金矿区的二长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩及闪长玢岩进行了年代学研究,获得258金矿区花岗闪长岩的成岩年龄为(118.3±1.1)Ma;3件二长花岗岩样品的成岩年龄分别为(130.5±0.8)Ma、(122.1±0.7)Ma、(118.0±0.9)Ma;2件闪长玢岩的成岩年龄分别为(119.5±1.3)Ma、(107.4±2.2)Ma,表明本区中酸性岩体侵位时代介于131~107 Ma,与西太平洋构造域的早白垩世演化有关。定年结果同时表明矿区存在3期岩浆活动,其中122~118 Ma的二长花岗岩与花岗闪长岩、闪长玢岩的年龄在误差范围内一致,且与金矿成矿关系密切。岩石地球化学显示区内的中酸性侵入岩均为高钾钙碱性过铝质岩石,花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩具有重熔型岩浆岩的特征,可能是加厚地壳物质部分熔融的产物;闪长玢岩脉具有典型壳幔源岛弧岩浆岩的特点。综合研究认为258高地金矿床形成于与板块俯冲有关的活动大陆边缘环境。     

辽南盖州卧龙泉岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及岩石地球化学特征

卧龙泉岩体分布于辽宁南部盖州市卧龙泉镇,岩性主要为似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩,岩石锆石²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄加权平均值为1888.4±5.3 Ma,形成时代为古元古代.卧龙泉似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩地球化学特征显示,Na₂O/K₂O均值为0.70,属高钾钙碱性系列;里特曼指数σ平均值为2.18,属钙碱系列;铝饱和指数A/CNK平均值为1.16,属过铝型;岩石中稀土元素总量平均值为299.04×10^-6,稀土元素配分模式右倾,属具中负铕异常的轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损型,富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,具有活动陆缘钙碱性岩系特征,属于同碰撞科迪勒拉型（I型）花岗岩,应与古元古代造山运动造成下地壳加厚熔融有关.     

Bimodal magmatism of the Tucumã area,Carajás province: U-Pb geochronology,classification and processes

Geological mapping of the Tucumã area has enabled the identification of dike swarms intruded into an Archean basement. The disposition of these dikes is consistent with the well-defined NW-SE trending regional faults, and they can reach up to 20 km in length. They were divided into three main groups: (i) felsic dikes (70% of the dikes), composed exclusively of porphyritic rhyolite with euhedral phenocrysts of quartz and feldspars immersed in an aphyric felsite matrix; (ii) mafic dikes, with restricted occurrence, composed of basaltic andesite and subordinate basalt, with a mineralogical assembly consisting dominantly of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene and olivine; and (iii) intermediate rocks, represented by andesite and dacite. Dacites are found in outcrops associated with felsic dikes, representing different degrees of hybridization or mixture of mafic and felsic magmas. This is evidenced by a large number of mafic enclaves in the felsic dikes and the frequent presence of embayment textures. SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating of felsic dikes yielded an age of 1880.9 ± 3.3 Ma. The felsic dikes are peraluminous to slightly metaluminous and akin to A2, ferroan and reduced granites. The intermediate and mafic dikes are metaluminous and belong to the tholeiitic series. Geochemical modeling showed that mafic rocks evolved by pyroxene and plagioclase crystallization, while K-feldspar and biotite are the fractionate phases in felsic magma. A simple binary mixture model was used to determine the origin of intermediate rocks. It indicated that mixing 60% of rhyolite and 40% basaltic andesite melts could have generated the dacitic composition, while the andesite liquid could be produced by mixing of 60% and 40% basaltic andesite and rhyolite melts, respectively. The mixing of basaltic and andesitic magmas probably occurred during ascent and storage in the crust, where andesite dikes are likely produced by a more homogeneous mixture at high depths in the continental crust (mixing), while dacite dikes can be generated in the upper crust at a lower temperature, providing a less efficient mixing process (mingling). The affinities observed between the felsic to intermediate rocks of the Rio Maria and São Felix do Xingu areas and the bimodal magmatism of the Tucumã area reinforce the hypothesis that in the Paleoproterozoic the Carajás province was affected by processes involving thermal perturbations in the upper mantle, mafic underplating, and associated crustal extension or transtension. The 1.88 Ga fissure-controlled A-type magmatism of the Tucumã area was emplaced ∼1.0 to ∼0.65 Ga after stabilization of the Archean crust. Its origin is not related to subduction processes but to the disruption of the supercontinent at the end of the Paleoproterozoic.     

青海西部祁漫塔格山卡尔却卡铜多金属矿床似斑状黑云二长花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄

祁漫塔格卡尔却卡铜多金属矿体主要产于花岗闪长岩、似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩体与寒武纪—奥陶纪滩间山群接触部位的矽卡岩带和二长花岗岩中。本次对矿区Ⅶ号带矽卡岩与矿体紧邻的似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩体进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,获得年龄为410.1Ma±2.6Ma。结合前人获得的花岗闪长岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄（237 Ma±2Ma）和矿石矿物辉钼矿Re-Os模式年龄（239Ma）,认为岩体成岩和成矿时代都发生在印支期,卡而却卡铜多金属矿成矿作用不仅与印支期中酸性侵入岩有关,也与加里东晚期酸性侵入岩有关。祁漫塔格地区矿床形成时代主要集中于加里东中晚期和印支晚期,尽管加里东期岩体在地表出露规模远没有印支期岩体规模宏大,但是加里东晚期岩体对成矿作用的贡献也应该引起足够的重视。     

岩浆混合作用与火成岩多样性的耦合关系:以东昆仑造山带白日其利长英质岩体为例

壳-幔岩浆相互作用如何影响长英质火成岩的岩石学多样性是当前岩石学研究的焦点问题之一.以岩石类型丰富的东昆仑白日其利长英质岩体和暗色微粒包体为研究对象,开展系统的锆石U-Pb年代学、矿物学、全岩元素地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素研究,探讨和解析这一重要科学问题.LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明,暗色微粒包体（247.8±2.0 Ma）与二长花岗岩（247.5±1.4 Ma）、花岗闪长岩（248.8±2.1 Ma）和石英闪长岩（248.8±1.5 Ma）均侵位结晶于早三叠世.岩相学和矿物学研究表明,白日其利长英质岩石与包体的成因机制与壳-幔岩浆的机械或化学混合作用密切相关.元素地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成研究揭示,幔源镁铁质岩浆端元起源于受俯冲板片流体交代的富集地幔熔融,而壳源长英质岩浆端元则起源于东昆仑古老的变质杂砂岩基底.岩石成因分析揭示,幔源镁铁质岩浆侵入长英质晶粥岩浆房,促使长英质晶粥发生活化,随后壳-幔岩浆端元以不同比例和不同方式发生机械和化学混合等相互作用,从而形成镁铁质岩墙、包体、石英闪长岩和花岗闪长岩等多种岩石类型.晶粥状态下壳-幔岩浆相互作用是控制东昆仑长英质火成岩多样性和大陆地壳生长演化的重要方式.      

Petrogenesis of A-type Granitoids from the Alto Moxoto and Alto Pajeu Terranes of the Borborema Province, ne Brazil: Constraints from Geochemistry and Isotopic Composition

A-type granitoids (512 Ma) either intruded into Paleoproterozoic gneiss of the Alto Moxoto Terrane (Prata Complex and Serra da Engabelada Pluton) or into Early Neoproterozoic metavolcanic metasedimentary sequence of the Alto Pajeu Terrane (Serrote Santo Antonio Pluton), constitute a small proportion of Brasiliano (= Pan-African) granitoids in the Central Tectonic Domain of the Borborema Province, northeastern Brazil. The Prata Complex consists of syenogranites, monzogranites, mafic enclaves of diorites and norites. The felsic and mafic members are not genetically related through fractionation. Mingling and mixing were extensive processes within the Prata Complex. The granites evolution appears to have involved fractionation of alkali feldspar, biotite, apatite and sphene without significant wall-rock assimilation. The Serra da Engabelada and Serrote Santo Antonio plutons consist of biotite syenogranites, with rare mafic enclaves. The studied granitoids are dominantly metaluminous, characterized by Fe-rich biotite and Fe-hornblende. High total alkalis, Y, Nb and REE and low CaO, MgO and Sr abundances and high FeO/(FeO+MgO) ratios characterize these granitoids. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns show enriched LREE, moderate to strong negative Eu anomalies and more or less flat heavy REE.The studied granitoids and diabase from dykes and enclaves show negative eNd _(512Ma) values (-14 to -10), high incompatible elements such as LILE, HFSE and REE, suggesting important contribution of Paleoproterozoic crust. The origin of the granites is thought to have involved partial melting of granodioritic or tonalitic lower crust. Such isotopic signature of the diabase from the dykes also reflects a Paleoproterozoic enriched lithospheric mantle in the area. The intrusion of the studied granitoids contemporary with sub-volcanic bimodal magmatism and deposition of many Cambrian "pull-apart" basins in the north and central tectonic Domain of the Borborema Province, suggest intrusion during post-tectonic relaxation of the Brasiliano orogeny following the assembly of West Gondwana.     

Geochronology and geochemistry of the Hegenshan ophiolitic complex: Implications for late-stage tectonic evolution of the Inner Mongolia-Daxinganling Orogenic Belt, China

The Hegenshan ophiolite in the Inner Mongolian-Daxinganling Orogenic Belt (IMDOB), northern China, consists of several discontinuous blocks composed dominantly of serpentinized ultramafic rocks with subordinate cumulate gabbros, mafic lavas and dikes, intruded by younger granodiorite dikes. The ultramafic rocks are highly depleted, serpentinized harzburgites with minor dunite, characterized by relative enrichment in large ion lithophile elements (LILE, e.g., Ba and Rb) and light rare earth elements (LREE). They are interpreted to be oceanic mantle that has undergone extensive melt extraction and variable degrees of metasomatism. The cumulate rocks consist mainly of gabbro and troctolite with LREE-depleted chondrite-normalized REE patterns showing significant positive Eu anomalies. They are enriched in LILE, depleted in Nb, and have high positive ε_Nd(t) (+8 to +11), suggesting derivation from a subduction-modified N-MORB-like source. The gabbros and mafic dikes have essentially the same age (295 ± 15 and 298 ± 9 Ma, respectively). The mafic dikes have flat to LREE-depleted, chondrite-normalized REE patterns, are depleted in Nb, enriched in LILE and have N-MORB-type Nd isotopic signatures (ε_Nd(t) = +8.1 to +10). The mafic lavas, erupted at 293 ± 1 Ma, can be divided into two groups; one composed of strongly deformed metabasalts similar in chemical and Nd–Sr isotopic compositions to the mafic dikes, and the other composed of undeformed and unmetamorphosed basalts with oceanic island basalt (OIB)-like trace element signatures and Nd isotopic compositions. The granodiorite dikes, which were intruded at 244 ± 4 Ma, have LREE-enriched, chondrite-normalized REE patterns with no Eu anomalies. Their abnormally high ε_Nd(t) values (+6.3 to +6.8) and low I_Sr (0.70412 to 0.70450) suggest formation from melts derived from thickened oceanic crust during or shortly after closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean. The structure, lithology and geochemistry of the Hegenshan ophiolite suggest that it is a Cordilleran-type body formed in a supra-subduction zone (SSZ) environment and amalgamated by collision of several fragments of Paleo-Asian lithosphere. Final emplacement and amalgamation occurred in the latest Permian or earliest Triassic.     

Magma mixing revealed from in situ zircon U–Pb–Hf isotope analysis of the Muhuguan granitoid pluton, eastern Qinling Orogen, China: implications for late Mesozoic tectonic evolution

In this paper, we present zircon U–Pb age and Hf isotope data to document the significance of magma mixing in the formation of Late Jurassic granitoid intrusions in the eastern Qinling Orogen, China. The Muhuguan granitoid pluton from this orogen consists of monzogranite and lesser biotite granite and granodiorite, all containing abundant hornblende-rich cumulates, dioritic xenoliths, and mafic magmatic enclaves (MMEs). The monzogranite and granodiorite are intruded by a number of lamprophyre dykes. Both a cumulate and a dioritic xenolith samples have concordant zircon U–Pb ages of ca. 161 ± 1 Ma, but possess contrasting Hf isotopic compositions. The cumulate has more radiogenic zircon Hf isotopes with negative ε _Hf(t) values (?7.9 to ?2.5) and T _DM1 ages of 0.9–1.1 Ga, indicating its derivation likely from basaltic rocks of the Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic Kuanping Group in the area. The dioritic xenolith has much lower zircon ε _Hf(t) values of ?19.5 to ?8.8 and T _DM2 ages of 2.4–1.7 Ga, consistent with a juvenile Paleoproterozoic crust source presumably represented by the metabasic rocks of the Qinling Group in the area. Individual samples of the monzogranite, MME, and a lamprophyre dyke have U–Pb ages of 150 ± 1, 152 ± 1, and 152 ± 1 Ma, respectively, demonstrating coeval mafic and felsic magmatism in the Late Jurassic. The lamprophyre dyke has homogeneous, highly negative zircon ε _Hf(t) values (?29.8 to ?24.8) and Archean T _DM2 ages (3.0–2.7 Ga), and its genesis is interpreted as partial melting of an ancient enriched subcontinental mantle source. Zircons from the fine-grained MME show a large range of ε _Hf(t) between ?29.1 and ?9.8, overlapping values of the monzogranite and lamprophyre dyke samples. Zircon U–Pb age and Hf isotopes of the MMEs are consistent with their formation by mixing of crustal- and enriched mantle-derived magmas. The main group of zircons from the monzogranite has ε _Hf(t) values (?17.9 to ?9.3) and T _DM2 ages (2.3–1.8 Ga) that are compatible with the dioritic xenoliths, indicating that the former was produced by partial melting of Paleoproterozoic crustal source with involvement of mantle-derived magmas. Mafic magmatism revealed from the Muhuguan pluton indicates that the eastern Qinling Orogen was dominated by lithospheric extension during the Late Jurassic. Compilation of existing geological and geochronological data suggests that this extensional event started in Late Jurassic (ca. 160 Ma) and persisted into the Early Cretaceous until ca. 110 Ma. The Jura-Cretaceous extension may have resulted from the late Mesozoic westward subduction of the Pacific plate beneath the East Asian continental margin.     

Protolith and metamorphic ages of the Haiyangsuo Complex, eastern China: a non-UHP exotic tectonic slab in the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure terrane

Summary The Haiyangsuo Complex in the NE Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) terrane has discontinuous, coastal exposures of Late Archean gneiss with amphibolitized granulite, amphibolite, Paleoproterozoic metagabbroic intrusives, and Cretaceous granitic dikes over an area of about 15 km². The U–Pb SHRIMP dating of zircons indicates that theprotolith age of a garnet-biotite gneiss is >2500 Ma, whereas the granulite-facie metamorphism occurred at around 1800 Ma. A gabbroic intrusion was dated at ∼1730 Ma, and the formation of amphibolite-facies assemblages in both metagabbro and granulite occurred at ∼340–460 Ma. Petrologic and geochronological data indicate that these various rocks show no evidence of Triassic eclogite-facies metamorphism and Neoproterozoic protolith ages that are characteristics of Sulu-Dabie HP-UHP rocks, except Neoproterozoic inherited ages from post-collisional Jurassic granitic dikes. Haiyangsuo retrograde granulites with amphibolite-facies assemblages within the gneiss preserve relict garnet formed during granulite-facies metamorphism at ∼1.85 Ga. The Paleoproterozoic metamorphic events are almost coeval with gabbroic intrusions. The granulite-bearing gneiss unit and gabbro-dominated unit of the Haiyangsuo Complex were intruded by thin granitic dikes at about 160 Ma, which is coeval with post-collisional granitic intrusions in the Sulu terrane. We suggest that the Haiyangsuo Complex may represent a fragment of the Jiao-Liao-Ji Paleoproterozoic terrane developed at the eastern margin of the Sino-Korean basement, which was juxtaposed with the Sulu terrane prior to Jurassic granitic activity and regional deformation.     

周口店岩体矿物学、年代学、地球化学特征及其岩浆起源与演化

周口店岩体由三次侵入的中酸性岩石组成, 本次测得石英闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为131.6±2.1 Ma, 闪长玢岩锆石U-Pb年龄为128.1±1.4 Ma.周口店岩体各种类型岩石属高钾钙碱性系列、偏铝质, Mg#较高, 重稀土元素和Ta、Nb、P以及Ti明显亏损, 轻稀土元素和Ba、K以及Sr相对富集, Eu没有异常, Yb元素含量小于2×10-6, (La/Yb)_N和Sr/Y比值较高.斜长石复杂环带能谱线扫描表明, 花岗闪长岩中的斜长石核部牌号高, 完整的幔部由内向外由反环带和正环带组成, 微粒包体中的斜长石核部牌号低, 幔部以尘状环带开始, 然后演变为正环带, 这揭示存在多期基性岩浆的注入作用, 结合暗色微粒包体的形态、大小、数量、反向脉、矿物含量统计、矿物成分、地球化学和各类环带包体、岩墙状包体群等特征, 说明暗色微粒包体是在花岗闪长岩浆冷凝过程的不同阶段, 多期幔源基性岩浆注入并与酸性岩浆在围绕包体周缘的局部范围内发生不均一机械混合作用的结果.周口店中酸性岩石体现埃达克质岩的地球化学特征, 岩浆成分主要受源区控制, 形成于加厚下地壳环境.由石英闪长岩-花岗闪长岩至中酸性岩脉, 岩石(Er/Lu)_N和Nb/Ta比值升高, 说明源区残留相矿物组合由角闪石+石榴石向石榴石+金红石变化, 岩浆源区不断变深.      

Paleoproterozoic Granitoids on Liaodong Peninsula,North China Craton

Paleoproterozoic granitoids are an important constituent of the Jiao–Liao–Ji Belt(JLJB). The spatial-temporal distribution and types of Paleoproterozoic granitoids are closely related to the evolution of the JLJB. In this paper, we review the field occurrence, petrography, geochronology, and geochemistry of Paleoproterozoic granitoids on Liaodong Peninsula, northeast China. The Paleoproterozoic granitoids can be divided into pre-tectonic(～2.15 Ga; peak age=2.18 Ga) and post-tectonic(～1.85 Ga) granitoids. The pre-tectonic granitoids are magnetite and hornblende–biotite monzogranites and granodiorites. Pre-tectonic monzogranites are widespread in the JLJB and have A_2-type affinities. In contrast, pretectonic granodiorites are only present in the Simenzi area and have adakitic affinities. The post-tectonic granitoids consist of porphyritic monzogranite, syenite, diorite, granodiorite, quartz monzonite, monzogranite, and granitic pegmatite, which are adakitic rocks and I-, S-, and A_2-type granitoids. The assemblage of pre-tectonic A_2-type granitoids and adakitic rocks indicates the initial tectonic setting of the JLJB was a continental back-arc basin. The assemblage of post-tectonic adakitic rocks and I-, S-, and A_2-type granitoids indicates a post-collisional setting. The 2.20–2.15 Ga A_2-type granitoids and adakitic rocks were associated with the initial stage of back-arc extension, and the peak of back-arc extension is inferred from the subsequent(2.15–2.10 Ga) mafic intrusive activity. The ～1.90 Ga adakitic rocks mark the beginning of the postcollisional stage, which was followed by the intrusion of low-temperature S-and I-type granitoids. High-to low-pressure granitoids(S-type) were generated during the peak of post-collisional lithospheric delamination and asthenospheric upwelling. The emplacement of later granitic pegmatites occurred during the waning of the orogeny.     

Geology and petrology of the archean high-K and high-Mg Panozero massif,Central Karelia

The high-K and high-Mg Panozero central-type intrusion is located on the shore of Lake Segozero, Central Karelia, and has an age of 2737 ± 10 Ma. Detailed mapping and petrological study showed that it was formed in three magmatic cycles that were separated by lamprophyre dikes. The first cycle is composed mainly of mafic rocks (layered complex: pyroxenites-honblendites-monzogabbro) and monzonites 1; the second cycle includes monzonites 2, and the third cycle comprises monzonites 3 and quartz monzonites. The massif is cut by numerous lamprophyre dikes and breccia zones. As compared to calc-alkaline series, the studied rocks are enriched in K, Ba, Sr, P, LREE, have high mg# (mg# = 0.5–0.65), and elevated contents of Cr and Ni. The parent composition of the layered complex was determined to be monzogabbro. Model calculations showed that the compositional variations of the Panozero Complex are consistent with the fractional crystallization of monzogabbro. The melts were fractionated in an intermediate chamber and during the flowing and crystallization of the magma. The parent melt of the intrusion was formed by the partial melting of mantle enriched in some LILE, LREE, and volatiles (CO₂ and H₂O). The volatile enrichment of the melt manifests itself in the mineral composition of the rocks, the presence of primary gas inclusions in apatite, and diverse structural features. The comparison of the rocks of the Panozero Massif with metasomatized mantle xenoliths in the variation diagrams for incompatible elements showed that the mantle source of the Panozero Complex was metasomatized by fluid consisting of H₂O and CO₂ of different origin.     

华南桂东南地区加里东期Ⅰ型花岗岩类的岩石成因及构造意义

龙新岩体和夏郢岩体位于扬子地块与华夏地块拼合带的西南端,岩体中的Ⅰ型花岗岩成因研究对揭示桂东南地区早古生代的地球动力学背景及其构造演化具有重要的地质意义.对龙新岩体的寄主岩和其暗色微粒包体,以及夏郢岩体岩石进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、Lu-Hf同位素和全岩地球化学研究.锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,龙新岩体的寄主岩（花岗闪长岩）的年龄为440±2 Ma;龙新岩体的暗色包体（闪长岩）的年龄为441±1 Ma,寄主岩与暗色包体为同期岩浆作用的产物.夏郢岩体花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩年龄分别为447±3 Ma和436±3 Ma,说明夏郢岩体至少发生了2期岩浆侵入事件.Hf同位素研究表明,龙新岩体寄主岩和暗色微粒包体的锆石ε_Hf（t）值分别为-3.32~-5.83和-17.89~-1.82,二阶段模式年龄（T_DM2）分别为1.62~1.76 Ga和1.57~2.54 Ga;夏郢岩体早期花岗岩闪长岩和晚期二长花岗岩的锆石ε_Hf（t）值分别为-15.43~3.03和-4.79~6.82,T_DM2分别为1.59~1.99 Ga和0.97~1.70 Ga,指示物源主要来自古-中元古代的地壳物质.地球化学特征表明龙新岩体寄主岩为准铝质高钾钙碱性Ⅰ型花岗岩,寄主岩和暗色微粒包体均富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素,亏损重稀土元素及高场强元素;夏郢岩体早期的花岗闪长岩为弱过铝质高钾钙碱性Ⅰ型花岗岩,晚期的二长花岗岩则为强过铝质高钾钙碱性Ⅰ型花岗岩,主微量元素特征均与龙新岩体寄主岩相似.根据研究区花岗岩和镁铁质包体的岩相学、年代学、地球化学及Hf同位素组成特征,表明龙新岩体的暗色包体（闪长岩）为岩浆混合成因,而龙新岩体寄主岩（花岗闪长岩）和夏郢岩体（早期花岗岩闪长岩和晚期二长花岗岩）具有一致的岩石源区和岩石成因,但在后期的成岩过程中存在岩浆混合和结晶分异程度的差异.综合以往对华南地区构造背景的研究,认为龙新和夏郢岩体是在扬子地块和华夏地块陆内造山期后,岩石圈伸展减薄,热的幔源岩浆上涌底侵,中-下地壳受到地幔热影响发生部分熔融,形成的酸性岩浆在源区和基性岩浆经历了不均一且不强烈的壳-幔混合作用形成的.      

The geology,petrology, geochronology and source region character of the layered gabbronoritic Oranjekom Complex in the Kibaran Namaqua mobile belt,South Africa

The Oranjekom Complex, a small mafic to anorthositic layered intrusion situated on the eastern margin of the Namaqua Mobile Belt, forms part of a number of such intrusions that were intruded early in the evolution of the belt. These have subsequently been deformed and isochemically metamorphosed to amphibole-bearing rocks. Petrographic and geochemical evidence indicates that the magmas were alumina-rich and that plagioclase was the primary liquidus phase, but in situ differentiation trends are shown mainly by the mafic phases. This implies that plagioclase crystals, although present in the magma, remained partially in suspension, whereas the mafic minerals accumulated. This is supported by both major and trace element character of the rocks. The RbSr and SmNd isotopic systems indicate that the Oranjekom Complex was intruded and metamorphosed at ca. 1100 Ma. This was followed by further metamorphism at ca. 944 Ma. The isotopic character indicates a depleted mantle source, that gives an age slightly older but within error of the estimated time of intrusion. Further data is required to precisely constrain the age of intrusion of these important markers in the evolution of the Namaqua Orogen. The isotope data indicate that there was limited crustal interaction indicating a thin (possibly juvenile) crust at that time.