AGB后星OH17.7—2.0附近一个新的弱OH脉泽源

使用澳大利亚Ｐａｒｋｅｓ６４ｍ射电望远镜,在五个不同的位置上观测了ＯＨ１７．７－２．０附近的弱ＯＨ脉泽源,发现了一个新的弱ＯＨ脉泽源,其峰值速度为５２．５ｋｍ／ｓ。利用二维Ｇａｕｓｓｉａｎ拟合技术,得到了这个源的最佳拟合位置。     

OH17．7－20的拱星OH脉泽辐射的观测

本文作者用澳大利亚Ｐａｒｋｅｓ６４ｍ射电望远镜观测了ＯＨ１７．７－２．０的拱星ＯＨ脉泽辐射。在观测中共测得了三个峰，其中一个峰是我们新发现的弱源，两个峰是过去发现的强源。用二维Ｇａｕｓｓｉａｎ拟合我们发现强源位置与一个ＩＲＡＳ点源位置相一致，弱源位置在这个ＩＲＡＳ点源位置的西南方。强源的两个峰的速度位置和峰值流量密度都是比较稳定的。     

OH17.7—2.0的拱星OH脉泽辐射的观测

本文作者用澳大利亚Ｐａｒｋｅｓ ６４ｍ射电望远镜观测了ＯＨ１７．７－２．０的拱星ＯＨ脉泽辐射，在观测中共测得了三个峰，其中一个峰是我们新发现的弱源，两个峰是过去发强源，用二维Ｇａｕｓｓｉａｎ拟合我们发现强源位置与一个ＩＲＡＳ点源位置相一致，弱源位置在这个ＩＲＡＳ点源位置的西南方，强源的两个峰的速度位置和峰值流量密度都是比较稳定的。     

W3（OH）区域H2O脉泽的快速时变

通过对Ｗ３（ＯＨ）区域２２ＧＨzＨ２Ｏ脉泽源的短时间跟踪观测,探测到速度为－５２ ．８Ｋｍ／ｓ子谱的流量密度呈线性下降趋势,变化时村约为１９天。同时也观测到了整个脉泽源的谱线宽度与该子谱的强度之间的相关变化。这些现象可能是由脉泽云之间的相互碰撞导致脉泽抽运率的变化所引起的。     

ON2中部区域OH1667MHz脉泽的新观测

利用法国巴黎默东天文台的南锡射电望远镜对ＯＮ２ 中部区域ＯＨ１６６７ ＭＨｚ 脉泽首次进行观测．观测结果表明中部区域的ＯＨ１６６７ ＭＨｚ 脉泽的辐射频谱为典型的双峰结构．这说明ＯＮ２ 中部区域的ＯＨ１６６７ ＭＨｚ 脉泽是位于绕中央星运动的薄盘上．结合模型对中部区域的ＯＨ１６６７ ＭＨｚ 脉泽谱线频谱图进行分析和研究     

在Orion－KL中的OH脉泽的外流模型：多重分离的旋转膨胀环

我们从对Ｏｒｉｏｎ－ＫＬ星云中ＯＨ１６６５ＭＨｚ脉泽的单基线干涉观测的分析中,提出一种新的外流模型,即多重分离的旋转膨胀环．这种模型与观测结果是一致的．通过对２４ｋｍ单基线观测得到的１９个ＯＨ１６６５ＭＨｚ脉泽斑点的相对位置图进行分析、统计、拟合和计算,得到这１９个ＯＨ１６６５ＭＨｚ脉泽斑点分别分布在三个旋转膨胀环上．这三个旋转膨胀环的视距分别为３＂．８１,５＂．８７,６＂．０;对应的环半径分别为１７４２,２７２０,２７６６ＡＵ;径向膨胀速度分别为７．０７,１６．４,２６．４ｋｍｓ－１;旋转运动的切向线速度分别为１．５５,１．２３,１．２１ｋｍｓ－１．     

W3(OH)区域H2O脉泽的快速时变

通过对 Ｗ３（ＯＨ）区域 ２２ ＧＨz Ｈ_(２)Ｏ脉泽源的短时间跟踪观测,探测到速度为-５２．８ ｋｍ／ｓ子谱的流量密度呈线性下降趋势,变化时标约为 １９天．同时也观测到了整个脉 泽源的谱线宽度与该子谱的强度之间的相关变化．这些现象可能是由脉泽云之间的相 互碰撞导致脉泽抽运率的变化所引起的。     

具有碳化硅拱星壳层的OH／IR星

利用ＩＲＡＳ低分辨率光谱（ＬＲＳ）观测资料,从近２０００个具有１６１２ＭＨｚＯＨ发射的ＩＲＡＳ源中,发现９个具有碳化硅特征拱星壳层的ＯＨ／ＩＲ星的候选者．进一步的研究表明其中的６个确实或极有可能既是显示１１．３μｍ碳化硅发射特征的碳星,也是表现１６１２ＭＨｚＯＨ脉泽发射的ＯＨ／ＩＲ星     

SiO脉泽星的近红外测光与分析

本文给出３５个不同类型含ＳｉＯ（ｖ＝１,Ｊ＝１－０）脉泽发射的ＡＧＢ星的近红外观测结果（其中包括６个Ⅰ型ＯＨ星,１３个Ⅱ型ＯＨ星,９个仅有ＳｉＯ脉泽的星以及７个无ＯＨ脉泽但有ＳｉＯ和Ｈ２Ｏ脉泽的星）．得出了它们的ＪＨＫ星等和流量．同时经认证找出了它们对应的ＩＲＡＳ观测数据．通过对它们的近红外、中远红外以及ＯＨ射电资料的同时分析,得出了不同类型ＳｉＯ脉泽星的色指数、谱斜率以及在近红外波段上拟合的等效黑体温度Ｔｅｑ．由红外及ＯＨ射电资料导出了其中心星的质量损失率Ｍ,并在此基础上结合已知的ＳｉＯ脉泽源资料,找出了不同类型ＳｉＯ脉泽星各量之间的关系．计算结果表明,ＳｉＯ脉泽具有普遍性,在各类脉泽星中都可出现．ＳｉＯ脉泽的光度与质量损失率弱相关,并且从（Ｍｉｒａ）ＳｉＯ到（ＯＨ／ＩＲ）ＳｉＯ逐渐增加．ＳｉＯ脉泽的流量与近红外“色”以及等效黑体温度Ｔｅｑ的关系较为密切．ＳｉＯ脉泽积分流量的上限与ＩＲＡＳ在１２μｍ和２５μｍ上流量分别都相关．本文对ＳｉＯ脉泽在ＡＧＢ演化中的地位和特殊性进行了简单讨论．     

Mira星包层中的OH脉泽模型

采用拱星包层物质轴对称分布的模型,计算了Ｍｉｒａ星拱星包层的物质分布和速度场分布,并通过解统计平衡方程得到了ＯＨ１８ｃｍ的四条谱线的反转区．模型假定辐射压来自中心星和尘埃本身的辐射．计算中考虑了中心星的辐射、ＯＨ分子与电子的碰撞、尘埃本身的辐射和微波背景辐射等抽运机制,计算结果基本上反映了观测到的ＯＨ脉泽的径向分布和角向分布等性质．     

Simultaneous observations of the OH maser at 1665 and 1667 MHZ in ON2

Using Nancay radio telescope in Paris-Meudon Observatory the OH masers fromON2 have been observed. The observations were made at both frequencies of1665 and 1667 MHz, and both left and right circular polarizations, and onthe central position, respectively. The observational results indicate that the physical conditions in the central part are very different. Using a new model, i.e. the distinct multiple rotating and expanding disc-ring of OH maser,the peaks of spectra have been explained. The position parameters of the OHmaser spots corresponding to the peaks in the spectral profiles have beenobtained. Our fitting and computational results indicate that the differentpeaks are superposed by the maser spot radiation at different point indifferent disc-ring with different radii. Because the mentioned differencesare caused by the physical conditions of the OH maser formingregions, using the differences, we can study the physical characters of the OH maser forming regions of ON2.     

A new VLBI observation of an OH maser in a post-asymptotic giant branch star using the European VLBI Network

OH 17.7 − 2.0 is a post-asymptotic giant branch star that is of great interest. The 1612-MHz OH emission from OH 17.7 − 2.0 is characterized by a double-peaked spectrum. Such a line profile has been assumed to represent maser emission from an expanding circumstellar shell. A new VLBI observation of the OH maser in OH 17.7 − 2.0 has been made using the European VLBI Network, and a relative position map of the eight OH maser spots has been obtained. Using the relative position map, it is found that the eight OH maser spots are distributed on an expanding circumstellar shell. The parameters of the expanding circumstellar shell have been obtained.     

Investigation of the OH and H2O maser emission from the semiregular variable HU puppis

We present the results of our monitoring of the semiregular variable HU Pup in the 1612, 1665, and 1667-MHz OH lines and the 22.235-GHz H₂O line. The maser emission in the 1612-MHz satellite line has been detected from this source for the first time. Strong variability of the emission has been observed in all three OH lines, including the radial-velocity drift of the two most intense features. Zeeman splitting components have been found. The longitudinal magnetic field strength has been estimated to be 1.0, 1.6 and 2.7, 3.2 mG in the 1665 and 1667-MHz lines, respectively. Our OH and H₂O observations have revealed fairly stable structures in the masing region and have allowed us to estimate the variability period of the maser emission (～1.5 yr). A possible model of the maser source in HU Pup is discussed.     

Maser maps and magnetic field of OH 300.969+1.147

The southern maser site OH 300.969+1.147 has been studied using the Long Baseline Array of the Australia Telescope National Facility. The 1665- and 1667-MHz hydroxyl ground-state transitions were observed simultaneously. A series of maps with 0.1-arcsec spatial resolution, at velocity spacing  0.09 km s⁻¹  , and in both senses of circular polarization reveals 59 small diameter maser spots. The spots are scattered over 2 arcsec, coincident with a strong ultracompact H  ii region, at a distance of 4.3 kpc. 17 Zeeman pairs of oppositely polarized spots were found, all yielding magnetic field estimates towards us (negative), ranging from −1.1 to −4.7 mG, with a median value of −3.5 mG. Excited state masers of OH at 6035 and 6030 MHz at this site also display Zeeman pairs revealing a magnetic field of −5.0 mG. Weak methanol maser emission is intermingled with the OH masers, but there is no detectable closely related water maser. The consistent magnetic field direction found within this site is a striking feature of several other maser sites associated with strong H  ii regions studied in comparable detail. We interpret the site as a mature region nearing the end of the brief evolutionary stage that can support maser emission.     

Detection of the Far-IR Pumping Lines for OH Masers

Circumstellar hydroxyl (OH) masers are believed to be radiatively pumped (Elitzur et al. 1976). However, the proposed pumping mechanism has not been directly observed before now, because the far-IR spectral lines which correspond to the pumping cycle transitions are unobservable from the ground. We present ISO¹ observations of the strong OH maser source IRC +10420. Our spectra clearly show the 34.6-μm doublet in absorption, and the ensuing rotational cascade lines at 98.7, 163 and 79 μm in emission. These spectra provide the first direct confirmation of the radiative pumping cycle for OH masers. This revised version was published online in September 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Full polarization structure of the OH main-line maser envelopes of W Hydrae

Simultaneous MERLIN observations of the OH 1665- and 1667-MHz maser lines in the circumstellar envelope of the semiregular star W Hya have been taken in all Stokes parameters. The 1665-MHz emission comes from two elongated clusters located 80 au from the star. The 1667-MHz emission arises in an incomplete shell of radius 130 au, with the blueshifted features located in the northern part of the envelope and the redshifted components clustered south of the centre. The circularly polarized maser components exhibit spatial separation along the north–south direction. The linearly polarized components were found from the near side of the envelope. Their polarization position angles indicate that the projected axis of the magnetic field at PA ≃ −20° is consistent with spatial segregation of circular polarization. The intensity of the magnetic field, estimated from a tentative measurement of Zeeman splitting, is about 0.6 mG at the location of the 1667-MHz emission, with the field pointing away from the observer. A small change of position angles of linear polarization observed in both maser lines is interpreted as a weak Faraday effect in the maser regions with an electron density of about 2 cm⁻³. The overall polarization structure of the envelope suggests an ellipsoidal or weak bipolar geometry. In such a configuration, the circumstellar magnetic field may exert a non-negligible influence on mass loss. The velocity field in the circumstellar envelope recovered from observations of SiO, H₂O, OH and CO lines at five radial distances reveals a logarithmic velocity gradient of 0.25 and 0.21 in the 1665- and 1667-MHz maser regions respectively. The acceleration within tens of stellar radii cannot be explained by the classical model of radiation pressure on dust.     

Investigation of OH and H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O masers in the star-forming region G 188.946+0.886

We present the results of our observations of the maser radio emission source G188.946+0.886 in hydroxyl (OH) molecular lines with the radio telescope of the Nançay Observatory (France) and in the H₂O line at λ = 1.35 cm with the RT-22 radio telescope at the Pushchino Observatory (Russia). An emission feature in the 1720-MHz satellite line of the OH ground state has been detected for the first time. The radial velocity of the feature, V _LSR = 3.6 km s^?1, has a “blue” shift relative to the range of emission velocities in the main 1665- and 1667-MHz OH lines, which is 8–11 km s^?1. This suggests a probable connection of the observed feature in the 1720-MHz line with the “blue” wing of the bipolar outflow observed in this region in the CO line. We have estimated the magnetic field strength for three features (0.90 and 0.8 mG for 1665 MHz and 0.25 mG for 1720 MHz) from the Zeeman splitting in the 1665- and 1720-MHz lines. No emission and (or) absorption has been detected in the other 1612-MHz satellite OH line. Three cycles of H₂O maser activity have been revealed. The variability is quasi-periodic in pattern. There is a general tendency for the maser activity to decrease. Some clusters of H2O maser spots can form organized structures, for example, chains and other forms.     

ON2西部区域OH1612 MHz脉泽的新观测

利用法国巴黎天文台的南锡射电望远镜对ON2西部区域OH16 12MHz脉泽首次进行观测 ,观测结果表明 ,西部区域的OH16 12MHz脉泽的辐射频谱为典型的单峰结构。结合模型对西部区域的OH16 12MHz脉泽谱线频谱图进行分析和研究。利用薄盘模型 ,得到相应于ON2西部区域的OH16 12MHz脉泽单峰脉泽斑的位置在r =112 .5AU ,Y =7.6AU ,其Keplerian运动速度为Ur=10 .6km s ,Vt =- 9.4km s .     

A search for 4750- and 4765-MHz OH masers in southern star-forming regions

We have used the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) to make a sensitive  (5 σ ≃100 mJy)  search for maser emission from the 4765-MHz ²Π_1/2   F =1→0  transition of OH. 55 star formation regions were searched and maser emission with a peak flux density in excess of 100 mJy was detected toward 14 sites, with 10 of these being new discoveries. In addition we observed the 4750-MHz ²Π_1/2   F =1→1  transition towards a sample of star formation regions known to contain 1720-MHz OH masers, detecting marginal maser emission from G348.550−0.979. If confirmed this would be only the second maser discovered from this transition.
The occurrence of 4765-MHz OH maser emission accompanying 1720-MHz OH masers in a small number of well-studied star formation regions has led to a general perception in the literature that the two transitions favour similar physical conditions. Our search has found that the presence of the excited-state 6035-MHz OH transition is a much better predictor of 4765-MHz OH maser emission from the same region than 1720-MHz OH maser emission is. Combining our results with those of previous high-resolution observations of other OH transitions we have examined the published theoretical models of OH masers and find that none of them predicts any conditions in which the 1665-, 6035- and 4765-MHz transitions are inverted simultaneously.