AN EXPERIMENT IN ADJUSTMENTS, USING SUPER-WIDE ANGLE PHOTOGRAPHY TAKEN FOR TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING

The paper describes an experiment using three different methods for the production of control for topographic mapping from super-wide angle photography. The result showed that aerial triangulation by independent models observed on a Wild A9 would show economic advantages in cartographic effort required, control requirements, and accuracy attained in contouring. The experiment also indicated that great benefit in heighting accuracy is derived from the addition of tie strips flown at right angles to the main photographic cover at a suitable interval and that heights supplied by airborne profile recorder are not sufficiently accurate to be economically advantageous where close interval contours are a requirement.     

利用线阵像机实现弹丸运动参数测量

现代靶场中主要采用狭缝摄影技术测量弹丸出膛后的速度、攻角和转速等运动参数,近些年来,采用数字线阵像机代替传统的胶片式相机是目前狭缝摄影的研究方向。对此,本文设计了一种单台线阵像机配合双像器实现等效双像机正交交会测量弹丸的系统,并根据弹丸目标的外形特点,构建了利用圆柱数学模型的弹丸运动参数最优化模型,通过优化算法进行模型求解获得弹丸方位、速度参数,进而求取攻角;设计了一种新的标记线方法,可简单精确地计算弹丸转速。通过仿真实验,验证了本文提出的参数估计方法的精确性。     

偏流角对星载三线阵相机摄影的影响

本文通过介绍偏流角的产生原因以及星载三线阵CCD相机的成像特点,结合具体算例分析了偏流角以及剩余偏流角对星载三线阵相机摄影的影响,提出为了保证三线阵影像的有效立体重叠,必须对偏流角进行修正。     

Historic Landscape Reconstruction and Visualisation, West Oxfordshire, England

As part of the Wychwood Project in West Oxfordshire, England, aerial photography and historic maps are being used to reconstruct landscape change in the former medieval Royal Hunting Forest of Wychwood. An important objective of the project is to stimulate local interest in Wychwood and promote understanding of its evolution, thereby encouraging the support of stakeholders in the design of future landscapes. The parish of Leafield was selected to develop and test a method for reconstructing and visualising past and present landscapes to present to the public for evaluation and comparison. Leafield contains fine examples of both early and late enclosure landscapes and underwent large-scale disafforestation following the Enclosure Act of 1856. Ordnance Survey (O.S.) 1:10000 Landform Panorama contour data were used to create a digital elevation model (DEM) of the parish using ArcView 3D Analyst, enabling the user to create perspective views of the landscape from any height and viewing angle. Contemporary aerial photography was scanned and geo-rectified to create an overlay for 'draping' onto the DEM. Historical maps provided the reference for modifying the aerial photography using the PaintShop Pro graphics package. This paper presents and reviews the results and compares the method with other techniques, including VRML.     

Pictometry倾斜摄影技术及其在3维城市建模中的应用

倾斜摄影技术是国际测绘领域近些年发展起来的一项高新技术.它颠覆了以往正射影像只能从垂直角度拍摄的局限,通过在同一飞行平台上搭载多台传感器,同时从一个垂直、四个倾斜等五个不同的角度采集影像,将用户引入了符合人眼视觉的真实直观世界.倾斜影像技术的引进和应用,使得目前高昂的3维城市建模成本将得以大大降低.由于倾斜影像为用户提...     

多基线-数字近景摄影测量

根据交会精度与影像匹配自动化的需要,与当今航空数码相机沿航线方向视场角偏小的事实,阐述了大重叠、多基线摄影测量的必要性及其现实意义;重点介绍了利用非量测相机进行多基线的正直、交向摄影方法与数据处理的特点,特别是“多基线交向摄影”,通过多次、多相机对三峡工程地下电站尾水边坡进行拍摄试验,获得了传统非量测相机难以比拟的、非常满意的结果。     

基于深度学习的异源立体影像对匹配方法

相对于同源影像立体匹配,基于无人机倾斜摄影与近景摄影获取的异源影像在空间特征、视场角及分辨率等方面均存在较大的差异,给影像匹配带来困难。本文利用基于单应性变换的卷积神经网络提取特征点,在匹配阶段采用交叉注意力机制的图神经网络进行特征点匹配。该方法较好地克服了异源影像间因存在较大视差和扭曲变换而导致的匹配效果较差的问题,并以河北省廊坊市大城县的马家祠堂为试验数据,对比传统SURF （加速稳定性征）算法与深度学习算法的匹配效果。结果表明,基于深度学习算法对存在大视角差异的异源影像的匹配率更高。     

无人机倾斜摄影技术下的三维精细模型建构

利用无人机倾斜摄影技术可以提升复杂桁架结构的三维建模精度,本文加大倾斜摄影拍摄密度,增加对特定区域的多角度重叠数据量,以及引入深度卷积神经网络对倾斜摄影图像数据进行预处理,排除摄影图像中移动因素对建模过程的干扰,从而实现建模精度的提升(26倍).证实无人机倾斜摄影测量方法对强干扰条件下的复杂桁架结构高精细度建模有工程实...     

三线阵测绘卫星的偏流角改正问题

简要介绍了三线阵测绘卫星的基本工作原理,分析了偏流角产生的原因及其对三线阵相机立体摄影覆盖的影响,提出了采用对卫星进行偏航姿态控制以改正偏流角的策略,给出了对卫星姿态控制系统偏流角改正的控制精度要求,并对偏流角改正的有效性进行了评估.     

三线阵测绘卫星的偏流角改正问题

简要介绍了三线阵测绘卫星的基本工作原理,分析了偏流角产生的原因及其对三线阵相机立体摄影覆盖的影响,提出了采用对卫星进行偏航姿态控制以改正偏流角的策略,给出了对卫星姿态控制系统偏流角改正的控制精度要求,并对偏流角改正的有效性进行了评估。     

空地技术结合地形图测图方法研究

车载移动测量系统可以快速、高精度地对测区进行三维激光扫描,但是因地物遮挡、视角限制,使得点云数据存在缺失;无人机航测具有高效率、高灵活性和低成本等优势,但是稳定性差,受天气影像严重,易导致影像不清晰或精度低。无人机航测技术可以弥补车载移动测量技术的采集盲区,后者可以发挥高精度的优点,二者技术联合应用,将极大提高测绘精度及生产效率。本文以某小区为例,进行了相关方法实验,对建筑物顶部或植被茂密处等扫描盲区,采用无人机航测补测,通过高精度激光点云对航摄影像进行纠正匹配,综合利用激光点云与航摄影像进行大比例尺测图。     

一种简易近景无加密立体测量方式的研究

分析了一种简易的近景无加密立体测量方式的基本原理,硬件集成方式,软件设计方式,并对试验结果进行分析.该方式是一种近景摄影测量方式,采用正直摄影方法获取影像,用电子经纬仪获取相关角度信息.     

一种I3S标准的倾斜摄影服务精度动态控制方法

针对倾斜摄影数据服务共享保密要求高、倾斜摄影数据包SLPK不同精度数据制作复杂的问题,本文基于开源I3S标准规范与解析倾斜摄影在线服务结构特征,研究实现了一种I3S标准的倾斜摄影服务精度动态控制方法。该方法可根据服务需求,通过控制索引树节点级别,基于一套数据实现多种精度的在线服务;作为实景三维建设的重要技术支撑,具有良好的实用价值。     

RECONNAISSANCE MAPPING FROM TRIMETROGON AIR PHOTOGRAPHS IN THE ANGLO-EGYPTIAN SUDAN

Abstract

Trimetrogon air surveys have been used extensively in the United States and Canada but seem to have had less favour on this side of the Atlantic in spite of the fact that large areas over here were photographed in this way during the last war. The Sudan is a very large country, but not a rich one; and up to the present it has not been able to undertake its own aerial photography. The gift of a very large number of American trimetrogon photographs covering half the country was therefore very welcome, and it seemed worth our while to see what could be done with them in spite of the known disadvantages of this type of photography for anything but small scale mapping. The methods of planimetric mapping from these photographs developed in the United States were expressly designed to be as simple as possible and to be capable of division into a number of easy tasks which could be performed by any educated person after a short course of training. Nevertheless we felt that they could be simplified a great deal more if the problem was approached from a different angle, particularly in view of the very high standard of flying which was apparent in the photographs covering the Sudan.     

近景摄影测量中大角度问题的探讨

应用摄影测量中的解析算法,研究倾斜摄影和交向摄影中大角度摄影情况下的解算方法对经典解析算法的影响,推导大角度摄影情况下从相对定向至绝对定向这一解析过程的算法,通过算例证明在大倾角摄影条件下利用该算法能够准确计算出地面点坐标以及反算出像片的外方位元素,从而验证本算法在大倾角近景摄影测量中的适用性。     

卫星摄影测量中偏流角修正余差改正技术

本文基于立体影像摄影机理,对偏流角修正的剩余误差导致的上下视差进行了分析,建立了立体相机偏流角余差改正的数学模型,推导出偏流角余差影响上下视差的误差方程,并重点从相机参数在轨标定和光束法平差中低频误差补偿两方面提出解决措施。理论分析与实际卫星影像试验表明,偏流角改正余差对上下视差影响较大,必须通过相机参数在轨标定和低频误差补偿两方面予以改正,才能保证全球范围无地面控制点目标定位精度的一致性。     

宽角相机低空航测的精度分析

首先从理论上对低空航测精度与相机像场角的关系进行了定量分析,得出低空航测应尽可能使用宽角相机的结论;接着指明了单镜头相机扩大像场角的局限和现有市场上的组合宽角相机因重量过大而不适用于低空轻荷载无人机的不足,阐述了作者研制的具有自检校自稳定功能的组合宽角低空轻小型相机的特点,尤其是实现组合成像静态误差和动态误差自检校的技术原理;针对大比例尺测图的实践,提出通过宽角相机大重叠航空摄影提高低空航测精度的技术建议;最后用典型工程生产数据验证了上述理论分析的正确性。     

SOME ASPECTS OF PHOTOGRAPHY IN AIRBORNE SENSING

The paper discusses aspects of air photography and electronic processes which produce imagery by infra-red radiation and by radar waves. After preliminary comments on lenses, laboratory techniques and colour photography, the author indicates certain advantages in simultaneous photography using black and white, infra-red and colour films. Moreover, information is given on simultaneous photography by satellite and the paper terminates with a resume of methods that are used to obtain imagery by infra-red radiation and by radar.     

基于DEM的机助航空摄影技术设计(英文)

In aerial photography, the primary factor is terrain undulation. However, most of the external aerial photography software used for aerial photography design do not take terrain undulation influence into consideration. Therefore, the design result has comparative randomicity and ＂gaps＂ are expected. An aerial photography design system is developed by analyzing the terrain undulation influence to the design result with DEM data so that the forward overlap and side overlap can be justified according to the block terrain undulation to meet specifications or standards. The data designed by this system is compared with the real flying data. The results show that making use of DEM to assist in aerial photography design can ensure that the designed result fits the real terrain better.     

倾斜航空影像的城市建筑物三维模型构建研究

针对当前城市建筑物三维模型构建的需要,本文提出一套利用无人飞艇载四组合特宽角相机同时实现高精度空中三角测量和建筑物景观三维建模的技术路线。一方面通过基于四相机重叠影像自动匹配的自检校,达到设备轻小型化条件下的精密等效中心投影构像,用以支持高精度空中三角测量;另一方面,通过自检校的4个方向倾斜的相机,达到一次飞行同时获得四方向建筑物侧面影像的目的,为城市景观的三维表达、精细建模和可视化提供一种新的、快捷的技术方案。